Zinariya wani sinadari ne mai alamar Au (daga ) da lambar atomic 79. A cikin mafi kyawun sigarsa, launin rawaya ne mai haske, dan kadan ja, mai yawa, mai laushi, mai yuwuwa da ductile karfe.
A kimiyyance, zinari wani ƙarfe ne na canji da rukuni na 11. Yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan sinadarai mafi ƙarancin amsawa, kuma yana da ƙarfi ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayi.
Don haka ƙarfe yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin sigar asali (na ƙasa) kyauta, azaman ƙwaya ko hatsi, a cikin duwatsu, a cikin jijiya da kuma a cikin ma'auni. Yana faruwa a cikin wani m jerin bayani tare da 'yan qasar element azurfa (kamar electrum) da kuma ta halitta alloyed da jan karfe da palladium.
Mafi ƙanƙanta, yana faruwa a cikin ma'adanai azaman mahaɗan gwal, sau da yawa tare da tellurium (gold tellurides).
Adadin atomic na zinari na 79 ya sa ya zama daya daga cikin mafi girman abubuwan atom ɗin da ke faruwa a cikin sararin samaniya, kuma a al'adance an samar da su a cikin supernova nucleosynthesis don shuka ƙurar da tsarin hasken rana ya samu.
Domin duniya ta narke ne a lokacin da aka yi ta, kusan duk zinaren da ke cikin duniya ya nutse a cikin duniyar duniyar.
Don haka galibin zinare da ke cikin ɓawon ƙasa da rigar ƙasa ana tsammanin an isar da su zuwa duniya daga baya, ta hanyar tasirin asteroid a lokacin ƙarshen tashin bama-bamai, kimanin shekaru biliyan 4 da suka wuce.
Zinariya tana tsayayya da hare-haren acid guda ɗaya, amma ana iya narkar da shi ta hanyar aqua regia ("ruwan sarauta" [nitro-hydrochloric acid], wanda ake kira saboda yana narkar da "sarkin karafa").
Haɗin acid yana haifar da samuwar anion tetrachloride zinariya mai narkewa. Har ila yau, mahadi na zinariya suna narke a cikin maganin alkaline na cyanide, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su wajen hakar ma'adinai.
Yana narkar da a cikin mercury, samar da amalgam gami; ba ya narkewa a cikin sinadarin nitric acid, wanda ke narkar da azurfa da karafa, dukiyar da aka dade ana amfani da ita wajen tabbatar da kasancewar zinare a cikin kayayyaki, wanda ke haifar da kalmar gwajin acid.
Wannan ƙarfe ya kasance ƙarfe mai daraja kuma ana nema sosai don tsabar kuɗi, kayan ado, da sauran fasaha tun kafin farkon tarihin da aka rubuta.
A baya, ana aiwatar da ma'aunin gwal a matsayin tsarin kuɗi a ciki da tsakanin al'ummomi, amma tsabar zinare ta daina yin amfani da su azaman kuɗin da ake zagayawa a cikin 1930s, kuma an yi watsi da ma'aunin zinare na duniya (duba labarin don cikakkun bayanai) a ƙarshe don Fiat tsarin kudin bayan 1976.
Ƙimar tarihin zinare ta samo asali ne a cikin matsakaicin rahusa, sauƙin sarrafa shi da sarrafa shi, sauƙi na narkewa, rashin lalacewa, launi daban-daban, da rashin amsawa ga wasu abubuwa.
Jimlar ton 174,100 na zinari aka hako a tarihin dan Adam, a cewar GFMS tun daga shekarar 2012. Wannan dai ya yi daidai da troy ounces biliyan 5.6 ko kuma, dangane da girma, kimanin 9020 m3, ko kuma cube 21 m a gefe.
Amfani da sabon zinare a duniya shine kusan 50% a cikin kayan ado, 40% a cikin saka hannun jari, da 10% a masana'antu.
Girman rashin ƙarfi na zinari, ductility, juriya ga lalata da galibin sauran halayen sinadarai, da ƙarfin wutar lantarki sun haifar da ci gaba da amfani da shi a cikin na'urorin haɗin lantarki masu juriya da lalata a cikin kowane nau'in na'urorin kwamfuta (babban amfani da masana'antu).
Hakanan ana amfani da zinari wajen garkuwar infrared, samar da gilashin launi, da ganyen gwal. Har yanzu ana amfani da wasu gishirin zinariya azaman maganin kumburi a magani.
Ni Joost Nusselder, wanda ya kafa Likitan Kayan aiki, mai tallan abun ciki, kuma uba. Ina son gwada sabbin kayan aiki, kuma tare da ƙungiyara Na ƙirƙira zurfafan labaran yanar gizo tun daga 2016 don taimakawa masu karatu masu aminci tare da kayan aiki & dabarun ƙira.
