Varnish? Cikakken Jagora ga Nau'o'i, Tarihi & Aikace-aikace

Varnish wani ruwa ne ko manna da aka yi daga resin da sauran ƙarfi da aka shafa a saman kuma a bushe don samar da fim mai wuyar gaske. Ana amfani da shi don karewa da ƙawata itace, ƙarfe, da dai sauransu.

A cikin wannan jagorar, zan bayyana abin da varnish yake, yadda yake aiki, da abin da ake amfani dashi.

Abin da Kuna Bukatar Ku sani Game da Varnish

Varnish bayyananne, m ko tinted shafi wanda ake amfani da shi a saman katako don haɓaka kamannin su da kuma ba da kariya daga lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa da tsagewa, hasken UV, da sauran abubuwan muhalli. Kayan aiki ne mai mahimmanci ga duk wanda ke aiki akan aikin katako, ko kayan daki, kayan fasaha, ko saman katako suna fuskantar lalacewa da tsagewar gabaɗaya.

Muhimmancin Zabar Nau'in Varnish Dama

Zaɓin nau'in varnish mai dacewa don aikinku na iya zama yanke shawara mai rikitarwa. Tare da nau'ikan daban-daban da iri, yana da mahimmanci a san bambanci tsakanin su don tabbatar da cewa kun sami wanda ya dace don bukatunku. Wasu daga cikin manyan nau'ikan varnish sun haɗa da varnishes na halitta, na roba, da na resin, kowannensu yana da nasa abubuwan da suka dace da kuma matakin dorewa.

Aiwatar da Varnish da kyau

Yin amfani da varnish ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa fiye da goge shi a saman. Don tabbatar da cewa varnish ya saita daidai kuma yana ba da kariya mai mahimmanci, yana da mahimmanci a bi tsarin da ya dace. Wannan na iya haɗawa da yashi saman ƙasa, zabar goga mai kyau, da yin amfani da yadudduka na varnish.

Ƙarfafawar Varnish

Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa varnish ya shahara sosai shine haɓakarsa. Ana iya amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar nau'i-nau'i da launuka iri-iri, dangane da nau'in varnish da kayan da aka yi amfani da su. Bugu da ƙari, don haɓaka bayyanar katako na katako, ana iya amfani da varnish a matsayin kayan ado don zane-zane da sauran kayan fasaha, ƙara zurfi da wadata ga launuka.

Amfanin Varnish akan Polyurethane

Duk da yake polyurethane wani shahararren abin rufewa ne don saman katako, varnish yana da wasu fa'idodi na musamman waɗanda ke ware shi. Alal misali, varnish yawanci ya fi wuya kuma ya fi kariya fiye da polyurethane, kuma ana iya yin tinted don ƙara launi zuwa saman. Bugu da ƙari, varnish yana samuwa a cikin yaruka daban-daban, yana sauƙaƙa samun sigar da ta dace don bukatunku.

Tabbatar da Kariya mai Kyau tare da Varnish

Bugu da ƙari don haɓaka bayyanar saman katako, varnish shine kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don tabbatar da kariya mai kyau daga lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa, haskoki na UV, da sauran abubuwan muhalli. Ta hanyar zabar nau'in varnish mai kyau da kuma yin amfani da shi yadda ya kamata, za ku iya tabbatar da cewa saman katakonku ya kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau na dogon lokaci.

Tarihin launi na Varnish

Varnishing wata tsohuwar fasaha ce wacce ta samo asali tun zamanin d Misira. An ƙera varnishes na farko ta hanyar haɗa guduro, kamar farar pine, tare da sauran ƙarfi da shafa su da goga don cimma tasirin da ake so. Amfani da varnish ya bazu cikin ƙarni, tare da masu zane-zane da masu sana'a suna amfani da shi don karewa da haɓaka aikinsu.

Zamanin Medieval da Bayan

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A ƙarshen karni na 14, Cennino Cennini, ɗan Italiyanci mai zane, ya rubuta wani rubutun da ya cika batun gyaran fuska. Ya bayyana hanyoyi daban-daban na gyaran fuska, ciki har da yin amfani da danko daga itacen, glair, har ma da tafarnuwa da zuma a matsayin ƙari. Duk da haka, ya kuma soki amfani da varnish, yana mai gargadin cewa zai iya rawaya a kan lokaci.

Zamanin Farko da Farkon Zamani

A cikin karni na 17, likitan Swiss kuma masanin kimiyya Theodor de Mayerne ya wallafa littafi kan fasahar zane-zane, wanda ya hada da girke-girke na varnishes. Ya ba da shawarar yin amfani da gwaiduwa na kwai da vinegar a matsayin varnish don zane-zane. A cikin karni na 18, likitan Scotland Alexander Carlyle ya ba da umarni don canza zanen gilashi ta amfani da varnish.

Marigayi 19th da Farkon Karni na 20

A ƙarshen karni na 19, masu zanen Amurka Richard da Jennys Van Vleck sun ba da umarnin yin amfani da varnish a cikin littafinsu "The Practice of Painting and Drawing." Sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da varnish don kare zane-zane daga ƙura da datti. A farkon karni na 20, Vincent van Gogh ya yi amfani da varnish a cikin zane-zanensa don cimma sakamako mai sheki.

Varnish Yau

A yau, masu zane-zane da masu sana'a suna amfani da varnish don karewa da haɓaka aikinsu. An yi amfani da varnishes na zamani da resins na roba da sauran abubuwa masu narkewa, kuma sun zo da nau'ikan ƙarewa, daga matte zuwa babban sheki. Har ila yau, ana amfani da Varnish a cikin aikin katako don karewa da haɓaka kyawawan dabi'un itace.

Yawancin nau'ikan Varnish: Wanne ya dace a gare ku?

Lokacin da yazo da ƙarewar itace, varnish shine sanannen zaɓi saboda haɓakarsa da aiki mai wahala. Amma ka san cewa akwai nau'ikan varnish iri-iri da yawa? An tsara kowannensu don cimma wani tasiri ko inganta wani yanki na kamanni ko kariya daga itace. A cikin wannan sashe, za mu yi la'akari da nau'ikan varnish iri-iri da abubuwan da suka dace.

Siffofin Musamman na kowane nau'in Varnish

Anan akwai wasu fasalulluka na musamman waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kowane nau'in varnish:

• Farfaji mai tushen mai: Wannan nau'in fenti yana da yawa sosai kuma ana iya amfani dashi akan abubuwa da yawa. Hakanan yana da kyau a kare itace daga ruwa da sauran abubuwa. Koyaya, yana iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don bushewa da kyau kuma yana iya buƙatar tsawan matakan bushewa.
• Farfaji mai tushen ruwa: Irin wannan nau'in fenti yana da sauƙin tsaftacewa kuma baya cutar da muhalli. Yana bushewa da sauri fiye da varnish na tushen mai kuma ba shi da yuwuwar rawaya akan lokaci. Koyaya, maiyuwa bazai zama mai tauri ko ɗorewa kamar varnish na tushen mai ba kuma yana iya buƙatar ƙarin riguna don cimma ƙimar kariya da ake so.
• Polyurethane varnish: Irin wannan nau'in varnish yana da matukar dacewa kuma ana iya amfani dashi akan abubuwa da yawa. Yana da tauri, mai ƙarfi, da juriya don mayar da martani ga abubuwa daban-daban. Yana samuwa a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban, ciki har da matte, satin, da mai sheki. Koyaya, yana iya zama da wahala a cire da zarar an yi amfani da shi kuma maiyuwa bazai dace da wasu nau'ikan itace ko ƙarewa ba.
• Spar varnish: Wannan nau'in varnish an tsara shi musamman don amfani da waje kuma yana da matukar juriya ga ruwa da sauran abubuwa. Duk da haka, yana iya zama ba mai iyawa kamar sauran nau'ikan varnish ba kuma bazai dace da amfani na cikin gida ba.
• Kayan aikin kida: Wannan nau'in varnish yana da bakin ciki sosai kuma yana goge sosai, yana ba da damar ƙwayar itacen dabi'a ta nunawa. Hakanan an tsara shi don inganta aikin kayan aiki ta hanyar barin itacen ya yi rawar jiki. Yana samuwa a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban, ciki har da matte da m. Koyaya, maiyuwa bazai dace da sauran nau'ikan gamawar itace ba kuma yana iya buƙatar ƙarin kuzari don amfani da kyau.

Aiwatar da Varnish: Jagorar Mataki-mataki

Kafin ka fara amfani da varnish zuwa aikin katako, kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa an shirya saman da kyau. Ga abin da kuke buƙatar yi:

• Yashi saman tare da takarda mai laushi mai kyau don cire duk wani tabo maras kyau da ƙirƙirar ƙasa mai santsi. Sanding kuma yana taimaka wa varnish manne mafi kyau ga itace.
• Tsaftace saman tare da tsumma da ruhohin ma'adinai don cire duk wata ƙura ko tarkace. Tabbatar cewa saman ya bushe gaba daya kafin tafiya zuwa mataki na gaba.

Zabar Varnish Dama

Akwai nau'ikan fenti iri-iri, kowannensu yana da nasa matakin sheen da karko. Ga wasu abubuwa da za ku yi la'akari yayin zabar varnish mai kyau don aikinku:

• Ana yin varnishes na gargajiya daga mai na halitta da resins, yayin da ake yin varnishes ɗin daga kayan haɗin gwiwa. Furen roba gabaɗaya sun fi ɗorewa kuma suna ba da mafi kyawun kariya daga haskoki UV.
• Wasu varnishes suna buƙatar siriri kafin a shafa su, yayin da wasu za a iya amfani da su kai tsaye daga cikin gwangwani. Karanta lakabin a hankali don sanin ko varnish yana buƙatar siriri.
• Idan kana son mafi kyawun ƙare, zaɓi al'ada ko varnish mai tsabta. Wadannan varnishes sun fi tsada, amma suna ba da matsayi mafi girma na tsabta da zurfi.

Hadawa da shafa Varnish

Yanzu da ka zaɓi varnish mai kyau, lokaci ya yi da za a fara amfani da shi zuwa aikin katako. Ga yadda za a yi:

• Dama da varnish sosai kafin ka fara. Yin motsawa yana tabbatar da cewa cakuda ya kasance cikakke kuma zai haifar da daidaituwa.
• Zuba varnish a cikin akwati mai tsabta kuma ninka rag a cikin kushin. Sanya kushin a cikin varnish kuma a hankali shafa shi a kan itacen, yin aiki a cikin hanyar hatsi. Tabbatar cewa an rufe yankin gaba ɗaya daidai.
• Bada varnish ya bushe bisa ga umarnin masana'anta. Wannan na iya ɗaukar ko'ina daga ƴan sa'o'i zuwa dare.
• Da zarar varnish ya bushe, yashi ƙasa da sauƙi tare da takarda mai laushi mai laushi. Wannan zai taimaka santsi duk wani m spots da shirya saman ga karshe gashi.
• Aiwatar da gashi na biyu na varnish ta amfani da fasaha iri ɗaya kamar da. Bada shi ya bushe gaba daya kafin matsawa zuwa mataki na gaba.

Touarshen taɓawa

Yanzu da kuka yi amfani da gashin ƙarshe na varnish, lokaci ya yi da za ku ƙara wasu abubuwan taɓawa na ƙarshe a aikin ku na itace. Ga abin da kuke buƙatar yi:

• Yashi ƙasa a hankali tare da tataccen yashi mai laushi don cire duk wani tabo ko ɗigo.
• Tsaftace saman tare da tsumma da ruhohin ma'adinai don cire duk wata ƙura ko tarkace.
• Dangane da nau'in fenti da kuka yi amfani da shi, kuna iya buƙatar amfani da kakin zuma ko goge na musamman a saman don fitar da haske.
• Bada ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya kafin amfani ko sarrafa yanki na itace.

Ka tuna, yin amfani da varnish na iya zama tsari mai wuyar gaske, amma tare da fasaha masu dacewa da shirye-shirye, za ku iya cimma cikakkiyar ƙare kowane lokaci.

Side mara kyau na Varnish

Varnish shine suturar kariya ta al'ada don shimfidar katako, amma ba kowane nau'in varnishes ba ne mai kyau ga kowane aikin. Ga wasu nau'ikan varnish da illolinsu:

• Ganyayyaki na tushen mai: Ana amfani da waɗannan varnishes ɗin don saman katako na ciki, amma suna yin rawaya akan lokaci kuma suna da ƙarancin yawa, wanda ke nufin ana buƙatar riguna da yawa don rufin kariya mafi girma.
• Maganin roba: Wadannan varnishes suna da sauƙin shafa kuma suna bushewa da sauri fiye da fenti na tushen mai, amma suna ɗauke da abubuwan da ke haifar da illa ga jiki da muhalli.
• Ruwan Ruhaniya: Wadannan varnishes sun ƙunshi cakuda resin da barasa kuma sun dace da kayan kida, amma ba su dace da ayyukan waje ba tunda suna narkewa cikin ruwa da wuta.

Masu farawa suna samun wahalar amfani da Varnish

Varnish wani nau'i ne na sutura na musamman wanda ke buƙatar ƙayyadaddun tsari da fasaha don samar da gaskiya har ma da ƙare. Masu farawa za su ga cewa varnish na iya zama da wahala a shafa saboda:

• Varnish yana bushewa a hankali, wanda ke nufin yana buƙatar sutura masu yawa don cimma sakamakon da ake so.
• Varnish ya fi sauran sutura, wanda ke nufin yana buƙatar ƙarin riguna don samar da kariya mai kariya.
• Varnish yana buƙatar nau'i na musamman na bakin ciki don inganta girmansa da daidaito.

Rawaya da bushewa al'amura ne gama gari

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani da varnish shine cewa yana kula da launin rawaya a tsawon lokaci, musamman lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga hasken rana. Bugu da ƙari, varnish yana bushewa a hankali, wanda ke nufin yana buƙatar ƙarin lokaci don warkewa da taurare. Wannan na iya zama matsala ga saman katako waɗanda ke buƙatar gyara akai-akai ko a goge su a baya.

Madadin Rufin Kariya

Idan varnish ba shine madaidaicin murfin kariya don aikinku ba, ga wasu hanyoyin:

• Lacquer: Wannan shi ne abin rufe fuska wanda ke bushewa da sauri fiye da varnish kuma yana haifar da ƙarewa mai wuyar gaske. An fi amfani da shi don zane-zane na ado, zane-zane, da benayen katako.
• Oleo-resinous coatings: Wannan cakuda mai da guduro ne wanda ke samar da murfin kariya don saman katako. Ana amfani da shi don rufin rufin da saman katako da aka fallasa wuta.
• Ma'adinan ma'adinai: Wannan rufin ruwa ne wanda ke samar da garkuwar kariya ga saman katako. Ana amfani da shi don ayyukan waje da saman katako da aka fallasa ga ruwa.

Varnish vs Polyurethane: Wanne ne Mafi kyawun Ƙarshen Itace?

Lokacin zabar mafi kyawun ƙarewar itace, varnish da polyurethane sune samfuran shahararrun samfuran. Duk da yake suna iya kama da kama da kallon farko, akwai wasu bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci da ya kamata ku tuna:

• Varnish gama gari ne na gargajiya da aka yi daga resins, mai, da kaushi, yayin da polyurethane resin filastik ne.
• Varnish yana ba da mafi kyawun kariya daga lalacewar UV, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan zaɓi don ayyukan waje.
• Polyurethane yana bushewa da sauri kuma yana da sauƙin amfani, yana sa ya zama zaɓi mai kyau don ayyukan gaggawa.

Ribobi da fursunoni na Varnish

An yi amfani da Varnish azaman ƙarewar itace tsawon ƙarni, kuma saboda kyakkyawan dalili. Ga wasu fa'idodi da rashin amfani da varnish:

ribobi:

• Varnish ya haifar da kyakkyawan yanayi, na halitta wanda ya ba da damar ƙwayar itace ta nunawa.
• Yana ba da kariya mai kyau daga abubuwa, yana sa ya dace don amfani da waje.
• Varnish yana da yawa kuma ana iya amfani dashi akan sassa daban-daban na itace, daga kayan daki zuwa bene.

fursunoni:

• Varnish na iya zama da wahala a yi amfani da shi daidai, kuma cimma kauri da ake so na iya zama ƙalubale.
• Ana buƙatar yashi na yau da kullun da goge goge don ci gaba da ganin ƙarshen ya zama sabo.
• Varnish na iya jin m ko tacky don taɓawa, wanda wasu mutane ke ganin ba shi da daɗi.

Kammalawa

Varnish wani shafi ne mai haske wanda aka yi amfani da shi a saman don inganta bayyanarsa kuma ya kare shi daga lalacewa. 

Yana da kyau kayan aiki don masu aikin katako (mafi mahimmanci a nan) da masu fasaha, kuma akwai varnish don kowane aiki da kowane buƙatu. Kawai tuna don zaɓar nau'in da ya dace kuma yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata don sakamako mafi kyau.

Ni Joost Nusselder, wanda ya kafa Likitan Kayan aiki, mai tallan abun ciki, kuma uba. Ina son gwada sabbin kayan aiki, kuma tare da ƙungiyara Na ƙirƙira zurfafan labaran yanar gizo tun daga 2016 don taimakawa masu karatu masu aminci tare da kayan aiki & dabarun ƙira.