Lacquer yog ib yam khoom ua los ntawm cov resin, uas yog muab los ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm tsob ntoo los yog kab. Nws yog siv los tsim ib qho ci ci tiav ntawm ntau qhov chaw. Nws yog cov khoom siv ntau yam uas tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho kom zoo nkauj yuav luag txhua yam los ntawm cov twj paj nruag mus rau rooj tog rau tsheb.
Cia peb saib cov keeb kwm thiab kev siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb no.
Hauv kab ntawv no peb yuav npog:
Lacquer- The Ultimate Guide
Lacquer yog ib hom khoom siv uas feem ntau siv los ua tiav lossis txheej rau ntoo, hlau, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog qhov ziab sai heev thiab tuaj yeem tsim qhov ci ntsa iab thiab du nto thaum thov kom raug. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lacquer yog los tiv thaiv qhov saum npoo uas nws npog, tawm hauv cov txheej txheem ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov uas tuaj yeem kav ntev xyoo.
Keeb kwm ntawm Lacquer
Lacquer tau siv txij li lub sijhawm qub, nrog kev tsim khoom rov qab mus rau thaum ntxov li 5000 BCE. Kev tsim cov lacquer muaj kev rho tawm cov resin los ntawm cov ntoo thiab ntxiv cov waxes thiab lwm cov tebchaw los tsim ib daim ntawv tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lacquer feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov yeeb yuj thiab ci iab tiav ntawm rooj tog thiab lwm yam khoom zoo nkauj.
Ntau hom lacquer
Muaj ntau hom lacquer, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej cov khoom thiab siv. Qee qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm lacquer muaj xws li:
- Nitrocellulose lacquer: Qhov no yog ntau hom lacquer siv nyob rau niaj hnub no. Nws yog lub npe hu rau nws lub sij hawm kom qhuav sai thiab yooj yim daim ntawv thov.
- Dej-raws li lacquer: Hom lacquer no muaj tsawg hauv VOCs thiab yog qhov zoo rau cov neeg uas xav nrhiav kev xaiv ntau dua.
- Pre-catalyzed lacquer: Hom lacquer no yuav tsum muaj lub chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb los nqa cov khoom, thiab nws paub txog nws qhov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab du.
- Post-catalyzed lacquer: Hom lacquer no zoo ib yam li pre-catalyzed lacquer tab sis yuav tsum muaj ib kauj ruam ntxiv los tshem tawm cov catalyst ua ntej siv.
- UV-kho lacquer: Hom lacquer no yog super ceev-drying thiab tuav lub siab gloss tiav.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv lacquer
Zoo li txhua yam khoom, lacquer muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Nov yog qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los xav txog:
pros:
- Muab ib tug du thiab ci tiav
- Tiv thaiv qhov chaw nws npog
- Yuav tsum nrawm
- Yuav siv tau rau ntau qhov chaw
cons:
- Yuav tsum muaj qhov cua kom zoo thiab cov cuab yeej siv kev nyab xeeb thaum siv
- Yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv yog tias siv tsis raug
- Tej zaum yuav xav tau ntau lub tsho tiv no kom zoo
- Yuav nyuaj rau tshem tawm ib zaug
Yuav Ua Li Cas Thov Lacquer
Kev siv lacquer xav tau qee qhov haujlwm thiab ua tib zoo saib kom meej. Nov yog qee cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ua raws li:
- Xuab zeb rau saum npoo yuav tsum tau them nrog ib daim ntawv nplua-grit los tsim ib tug du nto.
- Siv cov lacquer hauv cov tsho nyias nyias, tso cai rau txhua lub tsho kom qhuav tag ua ntej ntxiv lwm qhov.
- Nyob ntawm seb hom lacquer siv, nws yuav xav tau sanding ntawm cov tsho tiv no los ua kom tiav.
- Thaum siv lub tsho tiv no zaum kawg, cia lub lacquer kom qhuav tag ua ntej siv qhov chaw.
Feem ntau siv lacquer
Lacquer feem ntau yog siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj, suav nrog:
- Tsim kom muaj ci ntsa iab ntawm cov rooj tog zaum thiab lwm yam khoom zoo nkauj
- Tiv thaiv cov twj paj nruag, xws li maple thiab tshauv, los ntawm kev puas tsuaj
- Ntxiv ib txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv rau cov hlau nto kom tsis txhob xeb thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj
Qhov sib txawv ntawm lacquer thiab lwm yam tiav
Thaum lacquer yog ib hom kev ua tiav, nws tsis yog tib qho kev xaiv muaj. Nov yog qee qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lacquer thiab lwm yam tiav:
- Lacquer dries sai dua li lwm cov khoom tiav, xws li kua roj vanish thiab shellac.
- Lacquer yog qhov ruaj khov dua li lwm cov khoom tiav thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau dua thiab tsim kua muag.
- Lacquer yog txuam nrog cov qib siab ntawm VOCs, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv yog tias siv tsis raug.
Lub Fascinating Etymology ntawm Lacquer
Lo lus "lacquer" muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj thiab nyuaj, nrog rau nws lub ntsiab lus thiab cov khoom hloov zuj zus mus rau lub sijhawm. Cov txheej txheem qub rau niaj hnub lacquer yog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim tau los ntawm cov kab mob lacquer. Lo lus "lacquer" yog muab los ntawm Persian lo lus "lak" thiab Hindi lo lus "lākh", ob qho tib si txhais tau tias "ib puas txhiab". Qhov no yog vim tias nws yuav siv qee cov kab los tsim ib qho me me ntawm cov khoom siv resinous.
Kev txhais ntawm Lacquer
Lo lus "lacquer" tau muab txhais ua ntau hom lus nyob rau ntau pua xyoo, suav nrog Latin, Fabkis, Portuguese, Arabic, thiab Sanskrit. Nyob rau hauv Latin, lo lus rau lacquer yog "laca", thaum nyob rau hauv Fabkis nws yog "laque". Hauv Portuguese, nws yog "lacca", thaum nyob hauv Arabic nws yog "lakk". Hauv Sanskrit, lo lus rau lacquer yog "lākshā", uas yog los ntawm cov lus qhia "laksha", lub ntsiab lus "kos lossis tsho tiv no".
Lub Nplaim Nrov Nrov ntawm Lacquer
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev txhais lus thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm lo lus "lacquer", cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej tau nyob tas li thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm. Nws qhov muaj koob meej nyob mus ib txhis yog qhov ua pov thawj rau nws txoj kev ua tau zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntev, nrog rau nws lub peev xwm los txhim kho kev zoo nkauj ntawm txhua qhov chaw nws tau siv rau. Txawm hais tias siv nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm los yog niaj hnub manufacturing, lacquer tseem yog ib qho khoom kim heev thiab nrhiav-tom qab.
5 Hom lacquer thiab lawv cov cim tiav
1. Nitrocellulose Lacquer
Nitrocellulose lacquer yog ib qho ntawm feem nrov thiab feem ntau siv hom lacquer ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov tuam txhab. Nws yog ib txwm lacquer uas tau siv los ua suab paj nruag rau lub sijhawm ntev. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas ua rau kom qhuav ntawm nitrocellulose lacquer yog cov kuab tshuaj nquag uas evaporate sai. Hom lacquer no yog cov rhiab heev rau qee yam tshuaj thiab tuaj yeem ua puas yooj yim. Cov npe nrov tshaj plaws rau nitrocellulose lacquer los ntawm qhov ci ntsa iab rau feem ntau ci yog: tiaj tus, matte, qe, satin, semi-gloss, thiab gloss.
2. Dej-raws li lacquer
Dej-raws li lacquer yog hom tshiab ntawm lacquer uas tau nrov zuj zus vim nws cov khoom zoo ib puag ncig. Nws zoo ib yam li nitrocellulose lacquer nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cov txheej txheem ziab, tab sis nws muaj dej es tsis txhob ntawm cov kuab tshuaj. Dej-raws li lacquer yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg uas nkag siab rau qee yam tshuaj thiab xav tau lub sijhawm kom qhuav sai. Cov qib sheen rau dej-raws li lacquer yog tus qauv tsim nyog thiab suav nrog tiaj tus, matte, satin, thiab gloss.
3. Pre-Catalyzed Lacquer
Pre-catalyzed lacquer yog ib hom lacquer uas feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom ua haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv ob feem uas pib kho sai li sai tau thaum ob qhov sib xyaw ua ke. Hom lacquer no yog tsim los nqa cov qib kev tiv thaiv thiab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg uas xav tau kev ua tiav zoo dua. Pre-catalyzed lacquer muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv, xws li tiaj tus, satin, thiab gloss.
4. Acrylic Lacquer
Acrylic lacquer yog ib hom lacquer tshwj xeeb uas muaj qhov du thiab yooj yim los ntxuav tag. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau hlau thiab yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg uas xav tau ib qho zoo, huv si. Acrylic lacquer tso cai rau ntau yam teebmeem ntxiv rau qhov ua tiav, suav nrog xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos. Cov qib sheen rau acrylic lacquer muaj xws li tiaj tus, matte, satin, thiab gloss.
5. Hloov ua kua roj vanish lacquer
Conversion kua roj vanish lacquer yog ib hom lacquer uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm ib txwm lacquer thiab niaj hnub polyurethane. Nws yog ob qhov sib xyaw ua ke uas yog tsim los tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau ntoo. Kev hloov pauv cov kua roj vanish lacquer yog qhov ruaj khov thiab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg uas xav tau kev ua tiav ntev. Cov qib sheen rau hom lacquer muaj xws li matte, satin, thiab gloss.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib xyaw: Nitty-Gritty ntawm Common Lacquer Solvents & Additives
Lacquer yog cov ntoo uas nrov tshaj plaws uas tau siv rau ntau pua xyoo. Nws yog ntau yam thiab ruaj khov tiav uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntau qhov chaw, los ntawm rooj tog mus rau cov twj paj nruag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim lacquer cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov kuab tshuaj thiab additives uas tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Nov yog qee qhov feem ntau cov kuab tshuaj muaj nyob hauv lacquer:
- Toluene: Cov kuab tshuaj no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lacquer vim nws evaporates sai thiab tawm ntawm qhov ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj yog tshuaj lom heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, thiab txawm tias tsis nco qab yog tias nqus tau ntau heev.
- Xylenes: Cov kuab tshuaj no zoo ib yam li toluene thiab feem ntau siv ua ke nrog nws. Lawv kuj muaj tshuaj lom heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ua pa, mob taub hau, thiab kiv taub hau.
- Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK): Cov kuab tshuaj no feem ntau siv rau hauv kev lag luam lacquers vim tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev ua kom cov resins thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj yog cov nplaim taws heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij khaus thiab teeb meem ua pa yog tias nqus tau.
- Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK): Cov kuab tshuaj no zoo ib yam li MEK thiab feem ntau siv ua ke nrog nws. Nws kuj yog cov nplaim taws heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij khaus thiab teeb meem ua pa.
- Formaldehyde: Cov tshuaj ntxiv no yog siv hauv qee hom lacquer los pab nws kom qhuav sai. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj yog ib qho kab mob carcinogen thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ua pa yog tias nqus tau.
- Methanol: Cov kuab tshuaj no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lacquer vim tias nws evaporates sai thiab tawm mus ua kom tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem muaj tshuaj lom thiab tuaj yeem ua rau dig muag, lub siab puas tsuaj, thiab txawm tias tuag yog tias noj.
Cov additives siv nyob rau hauv lacquer
Ntxiv nrog rau cov kuab tshuaj, lacquer kuj muaj ntau yam additives uas pab txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo thiab cov tsos. Nov yog qee cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws pom hauv lacquer:
- Plasticizers: Cov additives no pab ua kom cov lacquer hloov tau yooj yim dua thiab tiv taus tawg thiab tev.
- UV Stabilizers: Cov additives no pab tiv thaiv cov lacquer los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm tshav ntuj thiab lwm yam ntawm UV hluav taws xob.
- Driers: Cov additives no pab kom ceev cov txheej txheem ziab thiab txhim kho hardness thiab durability ntawm tiav.
- Pigments: Cov additives no yog siv los muab cov lacquer nws cov xim thiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv ntuj thiab hluavtaws.
- Resins: Cov additives no pab khi lwm cov khoom xyaw ua ke thiab txhim kho qhov adhesion thiab durability ntawm qhov tiav.
Puas yog Lacquer Txoj Cai Ntoo tiav rau koj?
- Lacquer yog ntau yam tiav uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntau hom ntoo, los ntawm cov ntoo tawv rau cypress.
- Kev siv lacquer yog ib qho yooj yim thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom me me. Koj tuaj yeem thov nws nrog txhuam los yog tshuaj tsuag rau nws.
- Lacquer dries sai sai, uas txhais tau hais tias koj tuaj yeem siv ntau lub tsho loj hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
- Lub sij hawm ziab sai kuj txhais tau tias koj tuaj yeem taug kev hauv pem teb tiav tsis pub dhau ob peb teev tom qab siv nws.
- Lacquer yog ib qho kev xaiv qis dua piv rau lwm cov khoom tiav, xws li cov roj ua tiav.
- Lacquer yog dav muaj thiab tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau txhiab txoj kev xaiv, nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo thiab qhov xav tau tiav.
- Lacquer tsim ib qho tawv thiab ruaj khov tiav uas tuaj yeem kav ntev xyoo.
Xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiav rau koj cov ntoo
- Xav txog hom ntoo uas koj ua tiav thiab qhov xav tau zoo uas koj xav ua kom tiav.
- Tshawb xyuas cov dej noo ntawm cov ntoo ua ntej ua ntawv thov kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem hauv kab.
- Ntsuam xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw me me ntawm cov ntoo kom paub tseeb tias koj zoo siab nrog qhov tshwm sim.
- Nyob ntawm cov ntoo thiab qhov ua tiav, koj yuav tsum tau siv ntau lub tsho tiv no kom ua tiav qhov xav tau thiab ua haujlwm ntev.
- Nco ntsoov cia qhov ua tiav kom qhuav ua ntej siv cov tsho loj ntxiv lossis taug kev hauv pem teb tiav.
- Xav txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua qhov kev xaiv tiav ua ntej txiav txim siab zaum kawg.
xaus
Yog li, qhov ntawd yog lacquer rau koj - cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Lacquer tau siv rau ntau pua xyoo thiab muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj nyob rau lub sijhawm qub.
Tam sim no koj yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm lacquer thiab cov kua roj vanish, thiab vim li cas lacquer yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo dua rau kev ua tiav. Yog li, mus tom ntej thiab muab nws sim!
Kuv yog Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Tools Doctor, cov ntsiab lus lag luam, thiab txiv. Kuv nyiam sim cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab ua ke nrog kuv pab neeg kuv tau tsim cov ntawv blog tob txij li xyoo 2016 los pab cov neeg nyeem siab ncaj nrog cov cuab yeej & cov lus qhia ua khoom siv.
