Ntoo Ntoo: Cov yam ntxwv, piv txwv, thiab siv

Softwood yog ntoo los ntawm cov ntoo gymnosperm xws li conifers. Softwood yog lub hauv paus ntawm kwv yees li 80% ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev tsim cov ntoo, nrog rau cov chaw tsim khoom ib txwm muaj yog thaj av Baltic (xws li Scandinavia thiab Russia), North America thiab Tuam Tshoj.

Cov ntoo mos yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev tsim kho vim lawv qhov hnyav thiab yooj yim ntawm kev tuav. Ntxiv mus, lawv pheej yig dua li cov ntoo tawv. Cov ntoo no hloov tau thiab siv tau rau ntau lub hom phiaj, xws li sab nrauv cladding, sab hauv vaj huam sib luag, pem teb, thiab rooj tog zaum.

Txhawm rau nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntoo mos thiab cov ntoo tawv thiab lawv cov ntawv thov, cia peb nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus.

Softwood: Ib qho kev xaiv ntau thiab nrov rau kev tsim thiab tsim

Softwood yog ib hom ntoo uas los ntawm cov ntoo gymnosperm, xws li conifers. Nws yog qhov ntxeev ntawm cov ntoo tawv, uas los ntawm cov ntoo angiosperm. Softwoods tsis muaj pores, thaum hardwoods tsis muaj resin kwj dej. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias softwoods muaj cov qauv sab hauv txawv dua li cov ntoo tawv.

Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Hardwoods thiab Softwoods

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hardwoods thiab softwoods yog lawv cov qauv sab hauv. Softwoods tsis muaj pores, thaum hardwoods tsis muaj resin kwj dej. Lwm qhov sib txawv suav nrog:

• Softwoods zoo li hnyav dua li hardwoods.
• Softwoods muaj qhov ntom ntom dua li cov ntoo tawv.
• Softwoods feem ntau pom thiab muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom loj, ua rau lawv xaiv rau kev tsim kho thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

Nta thiab yam ntxwv ntawm Softwood

Softwood muaj ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim thiab tsim, suav nrog:

• Softwood yog yooj yim los tsim thiab ua hauj lwm nrog dua hardwood, uas txhais tau tias nws muaj peev xwm tsim thiab zoo li tus sai.
• Softwood yog zoo meej rau kev tsim kho thiab tsev, vim nws yog ib qho kev xaiv rau daim ntawv npog thiab cov khoom siv ntoo.
• Softwood yog qhov kev xaiv nrov rau lub tsev nyob thiab kev lag luam vim nws muaj ntau yam thiab ntau hom muaj.
• Softwood yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau sab nrauv thiab sab hauv cladding, raws li nws tso cai rau ib tug seamless thiab npaum tiav.
• Softwood yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua tiav cov qauv tsim los yog niaj hnub vim nws qhov muag pom cov kab thiab cov laug cam.

Piv txwv ntawm Softwood Ntoo thiab Nrov Siv

Qee qhov piv txwv nrov ntawm cov ntoo softwood suav nrog fir thiab hemlock. Softwood feem ntau yog siv rau:

• Phab ntsa thiab qab nthab, xws li VJ paneling thiab colonial profiles.
• Castelation thiab batten cladding, uas ntxiv cov qauv tsim niaj hnub nrog shadowlines thiab channels.
• Ua tau zoo thiab seamless sab nrauv cladding, uas tso siab rau softwood lub nruam feature thiab tso cai rau kom huv si thiab niaj hnub tiav.
• Cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho, xws li cov ntoo thiab cov ntawv npog cov khoom.
• Kev xaiv hluav taws-resistant, xws li kho softwood, uas yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau lub tsev thiab kev tsim kho.

Thaum softwoods thiab hardwoods muaj qee qhov sib xws, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom ntoo:

• Qhov ntom ntom: Softwoods feem ntau tsis tshua ntom dua cov ntoo tawv, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lawv cov kev ua tau zoo hauv qee yam kev siv.
• Qhov hnyav: Softwoods feem ntau sib dua hauv qhov hnyav dua li cov ntoo tawv, ua rau lawv yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog rau qee yam kev siv.
• Pores: Softwoods muaj qhov pores loj dua li cov ntoo tawv, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo hauv qee qhov xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, softwoods feem ntau tsis tshua muaj resistant rau kab puas thiab damp tej yam kev mob.
• Mechanical Properties: Softwoods los ntawm cov ntoo gymnosperm, uas muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Hardwoods, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj ntawm cov ntoo angiosperm, uas feem ntau muaj cov khoom siv zoo sib xws.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, softwoods yog ntau yam thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov ntoo uas nquag siv hauv kev tsim kho, tsim khoom, thiab tsim cov khoom siv. Txawm hais tias lawv yuav tsis yog tuab lossis tawv li ntoo, lawv muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig uas ua rau lawv xaiv zoo rau qee yam kev siv.

Softwood Tsob Ntoo thiab Lawv Kev Siv Ntau Yam

• Pine: Ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv softwoods nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, ntoo thuv yog ib tug ntau yam ntoo uas tsim nyog rau ntau yam ntawm lub tsev thiab kev tsim kho. Muaj ntau ntau hom ntoo thuv muaj, suav nrog ntoo thuv dawb thiab ntoo thuv liab, txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab zoo.
• Spruce: Lwm qhov kev xaiv nrov rau kev tsim kho, spruce yog ntoo muaj zog thiab tawv uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ntau yam sib txawv. Nws yog feem ntau siv los tsim ntau yam khoom sib txawv, nrog rau cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv.
• Cedar: Paub txog nws cov nplej nruj thiab ua tiav zoo, cedar yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov rau ntau hom kev tsim thiab kev tsim vaj tsev. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau sab nraum zoov tej yaam num, xws li decking thiab fencing, raws li nws yog ib txwm resistant rau rot thiab lwj.
• Fir: Ib qho zoo nkauj ntau yam ntoo, fir feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim kho vim nws lub zog thiab kav ntev. Nws yog feem ntau siv los tsim cov thav duab thiab lwm yam khoom siv, nrog rau cov khoom siv thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev.

Kev siv Softwood

• Kev tsim kho: Softwoods yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho. Lawv yog siv los tsim txhua yam ntawm framing thiab structural ntsiab rau daim ntawv cov khoom thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsev.
• Furniture Making: Softwoods kuj tau siv ntau hauv kev tsim cov rooj tog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom uas tau tsim los ua kom hnyav thiab yooj yim txav mus los. Lawv feem ntau pheej yig dua li cov ntoo tawv, ua rau lawv yog qhov kev xaiv nrov rau cov neeg yuav khoom siv nyiaj txiag.
• Woodworking: Softwoods yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov rau ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ntoo, nrog rau kev sib tsoo thiab tig. Lawv feem ntau yooj yim ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntoo tawv, nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo thiab qhov project ntawm tes.
• Daim Ntawv Ntau Lawm: Softwoods feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov ntawv, raws li lawv muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau hom ntawv sib txawv. Lawv feem ntau muab faib ua "ntev fiber ntau" lossis "short fiber" nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov fibers hauv ntoo.
• Lwm yam Kev Siv: Softwoods yog siv rau hauv ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog rau kev siv roj, tsim cov roj tseem ceeb, thiab tsim cov twj paj nruag.

Qhov txawv ntawm Softwood ntau yam

• Qhov hnyav: Softwoods tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv qhov hnyav nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo tshwj xeeb. Qee cov ntoo mos, xws li cedar, sib zog dua lwm tus, thaum lwm tus, xws li fir, tuaj yeem hnyav zoo nkauj.
• Xim: Softwoods tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov xim, nrog rau qee yam, xws li ntoo thuv, tshwm ntau daj lossis liab, thaum lwm tus, xws li spruce, feem ntau yog xim dawb lossis xim xim.
• Nplej: Cov ntoo mos tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam ntawm cov qauv sib txawv, nrog rau qee qhov, xws li cedar, muaj qhov nruj, cov kab lis kev cai, thaum lwm tus, xws li ntoo thuv, muaj cov qauv qhib ntau thiab tsis sib xws.
• Biological txawv: Softwoods tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm lawv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, nrog rau qee qhov, xws li sab hnub poob liab cedar, ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv lub ntuj tiv thaiv kom lwj thiab kab puas tsuaj.

Muab khoom thiab xav tau

• Softwoods tau dav muaj thiab feem ntau pheej yig dua li cov ntoo tawv, ua rau lawv xaiv rau ntau hom kev siv sib txawv.
• Softwoods raug tsim tawm thoob plaws ntiaj teb, nrog rau ntau yam sib txawv muaj nyob ntawm qhov chaw thiab huab cua.
• Softwoods feem ntau yooj yim rau kev ua thiab xa tawm dua li cov ntoo tawv, ua rau lawv xaiv rau ntau qhov kev lag luam sib txawv.

Softwood Applications: Ntau tshaj li Kev Tsim Kho

Softwood ntoo feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho rau lub hom phiaj thiab carcassing vim nws lub zog thiab kav ntev. Qee qhov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws suav nrog:

• vov tsev thiab flooring
• Phab ntsa framing thiab sheathing
• Beams thiab kab
• Ncej thiab ncej

Softwood kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov plywood, uas yog cov khoom siv nrov rau kev tsim kho thiab ua rooj tog.

Cov ntawv thov tiav

Softwood yog qhov kev xaiv nrov rau kev ua tiav daim ntawv thov vim nws muaj ntau yam thiab pheej yig. Qee qhov kev siv ua tiav feem ntau suav nrog:

• Qhov rooj thiab lub qhov rais
• Moulding thiab trim
• Txee thiab rooj tog
• Decking thiab fencing

Softwood kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov ntawv thiab cov ntaub so ntswg, uas yog siv ntau yam kev lag luam.

Cov ntawv thov hauv cheeb tsam

Softwood tau loj hlob hauv ntau thaj chaw thoob ntiaj teb, suav nrog Scandinavia, thaj av Baltic, thiab North America. Txhua cheeb tsam muaj nws tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv rau cov ntoo ntoo. Qee cov ntawv thov hauv cheeb tsam feem ntau suav nrog:

• Scandinavia: Softwood feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab rooj tog zaum vim nws lub zog thiab ua haujlwm ntev.
• Baltic cheeb tsam: Softwood feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov ntawv thiab cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau kev tsim kho thiab rooj tog zaum.
• North America: Softwood feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho rau kev tsim thiab kev ua tiav, nrog rau kev tsim cov ntawv thiab cov ntaub so ntswg.

Vim li cas Softwoods yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho

Softwoods, xws li cedar thiab Pine, tau yooj yim muaj thiab yooj yim manipulated, ua rau lawv nyiam kev tsim kho. Lawv nquag siv rau sab hauv thav duab, tsim cov khoom zoo li plywood, thiab rau kev siv sab nraum zoov xws li laj kab thiab pallets. Softwoods kuj yog siv los tsa cov phab ntsa sab hauv hauv tsev.

Softwoods yog tus nqi-zoo

Softwoods tsis tshua muaj tuab thiab sib zog dua li cov ntoo tawv, ua rau cov nqi qis rau kev thauj mus los thiab kev teeb tsa. Lawv kuj muaj kev txhim kho sai dua, ua rau lawv muaj kev xaiv zoo dua rau kev tsim kho.

Softwoods yog Durable

Txawm hais tias softwoods yuav tsis ntom li hardwoods, lawv tseem tuaj yeem muaj lub neej ntev thaum kho kom zoo. Softwoods tuaj yeem impregnated nrog biocides kom lawv tsis kam mus lwj thiab kab tsuag, ua rau lawv haum rau kev siv sab nraud.

Softwoods rau Rooj tog: Lub tswv yim zoo lossis kev nqis peev txaus ntshai?

Thaum tab tom nrhiav softwoods rau cov rooj tog zaum, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub ntau hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Nov yog qee yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Softwood hom: Qee qhov nrov softwoods rau rooj tog xws li ntoo thuv, cedar, thiab fir.
• Grain thiab xim: Softwood grain nyhav zoo ib yam li hardwood, tab sis xim yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo.
• Paub yuav ua li cas sib phim: Yog tias koj xav kom zoo ib yam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub yuav ua li cas kom phim cov ntoo lis thiab xim.
• Kev muaj nyob hauv zos: Softwoods tau yooj yim muaj nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse hauv zos, ua rau lawv muaj kev xaiv yooj yim rau cov neeg tab tom nrhiav los pib ua rooj tog.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv Softwoods rau rooj tog

Softwoods muab ob peb qhov zoo thaum nws los txog rau kev ua rooj tog, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo los xav txog:

pros:

• pheej yig dua: Softwoods feem ntau pheej yig dua li cov ntoo tawv, ua rau lawv muaj kev xaiv pheej yig dua rau cov neeg siv nyiaj.
• Yooj yim ua hauj lwm nrog: Softwoods yog softer thiab yooj yim rau txiav thiab zoo li hardwoods, ua rau lawv ib tug zoo xaiv rau beginners los yog cov neeg uas tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau cov kws tshaj lij. cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntoo (ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb).
• Yooj yim muaj: Softwoods tau dav muaj nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse, ua rau lawv yooj yim mus nrhiav rau cov neeg tab tom nrhiav los pib ua rooj tog.

cons:

• Tsis zoo li ruaj: Softwoods tsis nyuaj li hardwoods, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv yuav tsis muaj zog lossis ruaj khov rau lub sijhawm ntev.
• Loj hlob rings: Softwoods muaj cov nplhaib loj hlob uas rov ua ib qho qauv zoo ib yam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tsis tshua muaj qhov txawv dua li cov ntoo tawv.
• veneer txheej: Softwoods feem ntau muaj txheej veneer uas tuaj yeem tsis sib xws thiab yuav tsis zoo li cov ntoo tawv thaum muaj xim.

Yuav ua li cas kom ntseeg tau tias Softwood Furniture muaj zog thiab ruaj khov

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv softwoods rau cov rooj tog zaum, muaj qee yam koj tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj cov rooj tog muaj zog thiab ruaj khov:

• Txiav ntoo kom raug: Softwoods zoo li yuav muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua thaum txiav raws cov nplej.
• Tshawb xyuas cov pob caus: Knots tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntoo tsis muaj zog, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau kuaj xyuas lawv ua ntej pib koj qhov project.
• Tshawb xyuas cov ntoo: Tshawb nrhiav cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb lossis cov qauv fluorescent uas yuav qhia tau tias ntoo tsis zoo.
• Ua raws li cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho: Carina Jaramillo, tus tsim rooj tog, qhia siv cov kua nplaum thiab cov ntsia hlau los xyuas kom meej tias cov rooj tog zaum muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua.
• Siv cov ntoo softwood uas khaws cia los yog huab cua: Cov ntoo softwoods no yuav muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua li cov ntoo tshiab tshiab.

Yuav Qhia Li Cas Softwoods rau Kev Ua Rooj Tog

Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias yuav txheeb xyuas cov ntoo softwoods rau kev ua rooj tog, ntawm no yog qee cov lus qhia:

• Softwood nyiam muaj cov qauv qhib qhov pore, uas muab nws qhov muag muag.
• Softwood ntxiv qhov kev xav sov so rau cov rooj tog, tab sis nws tuaj yeem saib tsis sib xws thaum stained.
• Cedar yog cov ntoo softwood nrov rau lub nkoj tsim vim nws nyiam ua kom muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua li lwm cov ntoo mos.
• Tshawb nrhiav cov hom softwoods: Piv txwv li, fir yog ib hom ntoo softwood siv los ua rooj tog vim nws nyhav zog thiab ruaj khov dua li lwm cov softwoods.

Hardwood vs Softwood Density: Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Paub

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab zoo dua qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntom ntom ntawm hardwoods thiab softwoods, ntawm no yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm txhua qhov:

• Hardwoods: ebony, rosewood, walnut, tshauv
• Softwoods: ntoo thuv, spruce, poplar

Yuav Ua Li Cas Kev Ua Haujlwm Pabcuam Rau Kev Siv Hardwoods thiab Softwoods

Qhov ntom ntawm cov ntoo ua rau nws siv ntau txoj hauv kev. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv:

• Hardwoods feem ntau yog siv los ua rooj tog thiab lwm yam kev siv uas yuav tsum muaj cov ntoo ruaj khov uas tuaj yeem tiv taus hnav thiab tsim kua muag nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev.
• Softwoods feem ntau yog siv rau hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho vim lawv muaj peev xwm txiav thiab zoo li tus tau yooj yim, ua rau lawv muaj kev xaiv nrov rau framing thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev.
• Softwoods kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam, xws li cov ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntawv xov xwm, vim lawv cov fibers ntev, ncaj.

Deciduous vs Evergreen Ntoo

Kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntoo tawv thiab cov ntoo mos tsis yog nyob ntawm nplooj lossis cov noob ntawm tsob ntoo, tab sis yog nyob ntawm qhov ntom ntawm cov ntoo. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntoo ntoo thiab cov ntoo ntsuab uas tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas hom ntoo:

• Cov ntoo txiav ntoo, xws li walnut thiab tshauv, feem ntau muaj ntoo tsaus dua li cov ntoo ntsuab.
• Cov ntoo evergreen, xws li ntoo thuv thiab spruce, muaj cov xim sib dua.
• Cov ntoo deciduous poob lawv nplooj thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, thaum cov ntoo ntsuab khaws lawv cov nplooj txhua xyoo.

xaus

Yog li ntawd koj muaj nws - cov ntoo mos muaj ntau yam, nrov, thiab zoo rau kev tsim vaj tsev vim lawv yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog thiab tsis xav tau ntau npaum li cov ntoo tawv. Lawv zoo meej rau sab nrauv phab ntsa thiab qab nthab, thiab zoo rau kev ua tiav sab hauv ib yam nkaus. Ntxiv rau, lawv zoo meej rau ob qho tib si nyob thiab cov tsev lag luam. Yog li tsis txhob ntshai siv lawv!

Kuv yog Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Tools Doctor, cov ntsiab lus lag luam, thiab txiv. Kuv nyiam sim cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab ua ke nrog kuv pab neeg kuv tau tsim cov ntawv blog tob txij li xyoo 2016 los pab cov neeg nyeem siab ncaj nrog cov cuab yeej & cov lus qhia ua khoom siv.