Ultraviolet hluav taws xob, tseem hu ua UV rays, yog ib hom hluav taws xob ionizing nrog luv luv wavelength tshaj li pom lub teeb. Nws pom nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj thiab ua rau tawv nqaij tanning.
Muaj peb hom UV hluav taws xob: UV-A, UV-B, thiab UV-C. UV-C rays feem ntau absorbed los ntawm ozone txheej, ua rau peb nrog UV-A thiab UV-B rays.
Tam sim no, cia peb saib ze dua ntawm txhua hom UV hluav taws xob.
Hauv kab ntawv no peb yuav npog:
UV Radiation: Lub zog tsis pom uas tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj
UV hluav taws xob yog ib hom hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas pom tsis tau rau tib neeg lub qhov muag. Nws yog ib hom hluav taws xob uas tawm los ntawm lub hnub thiab cov khoom siv dag zog, xws li tanning txaj. UV hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua peb hom sib txawv raws li lawv qhov wavelength: UVA, UVB, thiab UVC.
UV Radiation cuam tshuam li cas rau tib neeg?
UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg cov tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag puas. Thaum tib neeg raug UV hluav taws xob, nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau DNA hauv cov hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kev laus ntxov ntxov. Tsis tas li ntawd, UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag puas, ua rau cataracts thiab lwm yam teeb meem ntawm qhov muag.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm UV Radiation hauv Vitamin D Creation
UV hluav taws xob ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov vitamin D hauv tib neeg lub cev. Thaum daim tawv nqaij raug UVB hluav taws xob, nws ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tshuaj lom neeg uas ua rau tsim cov vitamin D. Vitamin D yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov pob txha noj qab haus huv thiab tseem tuaj yeem pab txhawb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Artificial Sources ntawm UV Radiation
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm UV hluav taws xob muaj xws li lub txaj tanning, vuam tshuab, thiab lub tsev kho mob UV teeb. Cov peev txheej no tso tawm UV hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg cov tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag puas. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum txwv tsis pub muaj cov peev txheej no kom txo tau cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv UV hluav taws xob
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv UV hluav taws xob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv, xws li lub tsho ntev thiab lub kaus mom, thaum tawm sab nraum zoov.
- Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nrog qhov ntsuas SPF siab.
- Tsis txhob tanning txaj thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm UV hluav taws xob.
- Nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo thaum lub sijhawm UV siab tshaj (10 teev sawv ntxov txog 4 teev tsaus ntuj).
UV hluav taws xob yog ib hom ntawm lub zog uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg cov tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag puas. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog ntau yam ntawm UV hluav taws xob thiab ua cov kauj ruam los tiv thaiv nws, cov tib neeg tuaj yeem txo lawv txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv txuas nrog UV hluav taws xob raug.
Tau paub ntau yam ntawm UV Radiation
UV hluav taws xob yog ib hom hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tawm los ntawm lub hnub thiab kis tau los ntawm cov nthwv dej lossis cov khoom. Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm UV hluav taws xob, raws li lawv cov wavelengths:
- Ultraviolet A (UVA): Qhov no yog hom UV hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws uas ncav cuag lub ntiaj teb nto. UVA rays muaj qhov ntev tshaj plaws wavelength thiab lub zog qis tshaj ntawm peb hom. Lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau txheej txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem nruab nrab, ua rau muaj kev laus ntxov ntxov thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Ultraviolet B (UVB): Hom hluav taws xob UV no muaj qhov luv luv thiab lub zog siab dua li UVA rays. UVB rays yog lub luag hauj lwm ua rau sunburns, tawv nqaij puas, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij cancer. Lawv kuj yog thawj qhov ua rau tanning.
- Ultraviolet C (UVC): Qhov no yog qhov luv tshaj wavelength thiab lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm peb hom UV hluav taws xob. UVC rays feem ntau yog absorbed los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ozone txheej thiab tsis ncav cuag lub ntiaj teb nto. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw tsim los ntawm tib neeg, xws li qee hom teeb siv hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kho mob.
Cov teebmeem ntawm UV Radiation ntawm lub cev
Kev raug UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub cev, suav nrog:
- Sunburns: UVB rays yog lub hauv paus ua rau sunburns, uas yuav ua rau mob, liab, thiab hlwv.
- Kev puas tsuaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij: ob qho tib si UVA thiab UVB rays tuaj yeem ua rau daim tawv nqaij puas, ua rau kev laus ntxov ntxov, wrinkles, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Qhov muag puas: UV hluav taws xob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag puas, ua rau cataracts, tsis pom kev mus tas li, thiab lwm yam kev raug mob ntawm qhov muag.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Wavelength thiab Ozone Txheej hauv UV Radiation
Lub wavelength ntawm UV hluav taws xob txiav txim siab tob npaum li cas nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv. UVA rays muaj qhov ntev tshaj plaws wavelength thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntau dua li UVB rays, uas muaj luv luv wavelength. UVC rays muaj qhov luv tshaj wavelength thiab feem ntau absorbed los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ozone txheej.
Lub ozone txheej yog txheej tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb cov cua uas absorbs feem ntau ntawm lub hnub teeb meem UV hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee yam ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no, xws li kev siv qee yam tshuaj, tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem ozone puas tsuaj thiab ua rau cov hluav taws xob UV ntau ntxiv mus txog lub ntiaj teb.
Yuav tiv thaiv koj tus kheej li cas los ntawm UV hluav taws xob
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntawm UV hluav taws xob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua cov kauj ruam los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, xws li:
- Hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv, xws li lub tsho ntev thiab lub kaus mom, thaum tawm sab nraum zoov.
- Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nrog qhov ntsuas SPF siab thiab rov ua dua nws tsis tu ncua.
- Zam tsis txhob tshav ntuj ncaj qha thaum lub sij hawm ncov, feem ntau ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 4 teev tsaus ntuj
- Tshawb xyuas qhov ntsuas UV ua ntej tawm mus sab nraud thiab ua raws li kev ceev faj kom tsim nyog.
- Kev daws kom tsis txhob tanning txaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.
Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog ntau yam ntawm UV hluav taws xob thiab ua cov kauj ruam los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob thiab txaus siab rau lub hnub nyab xeeb.
UV Index: Yuav ua li cas ntsuas qhov muaj peev xwm ua phem ntawm UV Radiation
UV Index (UVI) yog qhov ntsuas kev tshawb fawb uas ntsuas qib ntawm UV hluav taws xob tam sim no hauv ib cheeb tsam. Qhov ntsuas no txawv ntawm 0 txog 11+, nrog 11+ yog qib siab tshaj ntawm UV hluav taws xob. UVI yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tsim kev puas tsuaj uas UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg cov tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag, thiab qhov tsawg dua nws yuav siv sij hawm los tsim kev puas tsuaj.
UV hluav taws xob yog ib hom ntawm electromagnetic zog uas kis tau los ntawm lub hnub. Muaj peb hom UV hluav taws xob: UVA, UVB, thiab UVC. UVC feem ntau absorbed los ntawm ozone txheej thiab tsis ncav cuag hauv av, thaum UVA thiab UVB tuaj yeem ua rau cov tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag puas. UV Index yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm UVA thiab UVB hluav taws xob uas muaj nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam.
UV Index cuam tshuam rau tib neeg li cas?
UV Index tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Thaum UVI qis, tib neeg yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm UV hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum UVI siab heev, tib neeg tuaj yeem ntsib ntau yam tsos mob, suav nrog kev tshav ntuj, kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, tib neeg yuav ntsib Thaum tshav kub kub qaug zog los yog mob stroke.
Dab tsi yog qee txoj hauv kev uas tib neeg tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm UV hluav taws xob?
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas tib neeg tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm UV hluav taws xob, suav nrog:
- Hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv, xws li lub tsho ntev thiab ris, kaus mom, thiab looj tsom iav dub
- Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nrog SPF siab
- Tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha thaum lub sij hawm kub tshaj plaws ntawm nruab hnub
- Nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo kom ntau li ntau tau
- Haus dej ntau kom nyob twj ywm hydrated
Txoj kev zoo tshaj los nyeem UV Index yog dab tsi?
UV Index feem ntau nthuav tawm raws li tus lej, nrog cov lej siab dua qhia tias muaj peev xwm ua rau raug mob ntau dua. Piv txwv li, UVI ntawm 8 lossis siab dua yog suav tias yog siab heev thiab yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntxiv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias UV Index tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog lub sijhawm ntawm hnub, lub caij, thiab cov huab cua npog.
UV Radiation thiab Nws Cov Kev Ua Phem Rau Cov Xim Xim
UV hluav taws xob yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov xim. Lub teeb ultraviolet ua rau cov molecules nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm cov resin tawg, uas ua rau cov xim tawg thiab nti. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm UV hluav taws xob ntawm cov xim yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kev hloov hauv qab no:
- UV hluav taws xob ua rau cov resin molecules nyob rau hauv cov xim hloov cov duab thiab compress los yog nthuav.
- Cov kev hloov pauv no ua rau kev tsim cov khoom siv tshiab hauv cov xim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim muaj hnub nyoog thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau corrosion thiab tawg.
- Qhov kub thiab txias kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm UV hluav taws xob ntawm cov xim. Kev kub siab tuaj yeem ua rau nthuav dav ntawm cov xim, thaum qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ua rau nws cog lus. Cov kev hloov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov xim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws puas tsuaj ntxiv.
Hais txog Kev Ua Phem Txhaum Cai ntawm UV Radiation ntawm Xim
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm UV hluav taws xob ntawm cov xim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Siv cov xim zoo nkauj lossis cov kua roj vanish uas tsim tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv UV hluav taws xob.
- Siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau saum cov xim kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm UV hluav taws xob.
- Khaws cov xim rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
- Tsis tu ncua tshuaj xyuas cov xim rau tej yam cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj los yog kev laus, thiab hais kom sai li sai tau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv.
Tib neeg cuam tshuam rau xim Preservation
Kev khaws cov xim tsis yog tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov xim thiab ib puag ncig uas nws khaws cia. Tib neeg qhov tseem ceeb kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txuag xim. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia los khaws cov xim:
- Tsis txhob kov cov xim ntawm tes, vim tias cov roj ntawm koj cov tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim puas.
- Siv txhuam txhuam los yog daim ntaub microfiber los ntxuav cov xim.
- Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj hnyav lossis cov khoom siv abrasive los ntxuav cov xim, vim lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv.
- Tsis tu ncua tshuaj xyuas cov xim rau tej yam cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj los yog kev laus, thiab hais kom sai li sai tau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv.
xaus
Yog li, UV hluav taws xob yog ib hom hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tawm los ntawm lub hnub thiab cov khoom siv dag zog. Nws tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau koj cov tawv nqaij, qhov muag, thiab txawm tias koj cov pob txha. Tab sis, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm UV hluav taws xob, thiab tam sim no koj paub tias lawv yog dab tsi. Yog li, tsis txhob ntshai kom txaus siab rau lub hnub, tsuas yog ua nws lub luag haujlwm.
Kuv yog Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Tools Doctor, cov ntsiab lus lag luam, thiab txiv. Kuv nyiam sim cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab ua ke nrog kuv pab neeg kuv tau tsim cov ntawv blog tob txij li xyoo 2016 los pab cov neeg nyeem siab ncaj nrog cov cuab yeej & cov lus qhia ua khoom siv.
