Cov kua roj vanish yog cov kua los yog muab tshuaj txhuam ua los ntawm cov resin thiab cov kuab tshuaj uas tau siv rau saum npoo thiab qhuav los ua ib zaj duab xis tawv. Nws yog siv los tiv thaiv thiab ua kom zoo nkauj ntoo, hlau, thiab ntau lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
Hauv phau ntawv qhia no, kuv yuav piav qhia tias cov kua roj vanish yog dab tsi, nws ua haujlwm li cas, thiab nws siv rau dab tsi.
Hauv kab ntawv no peb yuav npog:
Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Paub Txog Varnish
Cov kua roj vanish yog ib qho ntshiab, pob tshab los yog tinted txheej uas yog siv rau cov chaw ntoo los txhim kho lawv cov tsos thiab muab kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag, UV rays, thiab lwm yam ib puag ncig. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ib txoj haujlwm ntoo, txawm tias nws yog rooj tog, kos duab, lossis cov khoom ntoo uas ntsib kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv qhov zoo ntawm cov kua roj vanish
Xaiv qhov zoo ntawm cov kua roj vanish rau koj qhov project tuaj yeem yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis meej pem. Nrog rau ntau yam sib txawv thiab versions muaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv kom ntseeg tau tias koj tau txais qhov zoo rau koj cov kev xav tau. Qee yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua roj vanish muaj xws li ntuj, hluavtaws, thiab cov kua roj vanish, txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej cov khoom sib txawv thiab qib ntawm durability.
Siv Varnish kom raug
Kev siv cov kua roj vanish muaj ntau ntau dua li tsuas yog txhuam nws rau saum npoo. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov kua roj vanish teeb tau zoo thiab muab kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov txheej txheem kom raug. Qhov no tej zaum yuav muaj xws li sanding saum npoo, xaiv tus txhuam kom zoo, thiab siv ntau txheej ntawm cov kua roj vanish.
Lub Versatility ntawm Varnish
Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj ntawm cov kua roj vanish yog li nrov yog nws versatility. Nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau yam textures thiab xim, nyob ntawm seb hom kua roj vanish thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv. Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhim kho cov tsos ntawm cov ntoo saum npoo, cov kua roj vanish kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua lub tsho sab saum toj rau cov duab kos duab thiab lwm yam kos duab, ntxiv qhov tob thiab nplua nuj rau cov xim.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Varnish tshaj Polyurethane
Thaum polyurethane yog lwm txheej nrov rau cov ntoo, cov kua roj vanish muaj qee cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb uas muab nws sib nrug. Piv txwv li, cov kua roj vanish feem ntau yog ib qho nyuaj thiab tiv thaiv ntau tshaj li polyurethane, thiab nws tuaj yeem tinted ntxiv xim rau saum npoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua roj vanish muaj ntau hom lus, ua kom yooj yim dua los nrhiav cov qauv tsim nyog rau koj cov kev xav tau.
Ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo nrog kua roj vanish
Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhim kho cov tsos ntawm cov ntoo saum npoo, cov kua roj vanish yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag, UV rays, thiab lwm yam ib puag ncig. Los ntawm kev xaiv qhov zoo ntawm cov kua roj vanish thiab siv nws kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem xyuas kom meej tias koj cov ntoo saum npoo yuav nyob twj ywm rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Cov yeeb yuj keeb kwm ntawm Varnish
Varnishing yog cov txheej txheem qub uas muaj hnub rov qab mus rau tim lyiv teb chaws thaum ub. Cov kua roj vanish thaum ntxov tau tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, xws li ntoo thuv suab, nrog cov kuab tshuaj thiab siv cov txhuam hniav kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau. Kev siv cov kua roj vanish kis thoob plaws hauv ib-paus xyoo, nrog cov neeg pleev kob thiab cov kws ua haujlwm siv nws los tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho lawv txoj haujlwm.
Medieval Era thiab Tshaj
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 14th lig, Cennino Cennini, ib tug neeg pleev kob Italian, tau sau ib phau ntawv uas tau sau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm varnishing. Nws piav txog ntau yam kev xaiv rau varnishing, nrog rau kev siv cov pos hniav los ntawm tsob ntoo, glair, thiab txawm qej thiab zib mu ua additives. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj tau thuam kev siv cov kua roj vanish, ceeb toom tias nws tuaj yeem daj dhau sijhawm.
Lub Sijhawm Renaissance thiab Early Modern Period
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, Swiss kws kho mob thiab alchemist Theodor de Mayerne luam tawm ib phau ntawv ntawm kev kos duab ntawm painting, uas muaj xws li zaub mov txawv rau varnishes. Nws pom zoo kom siv qe qe thiab vinegar ua kua roj vanish rau paintings. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, tus kws kho mob Scottish Alexander Carlyle tau muab cov lus qhia rau kev rov qab pleev xim rau iav siv cov kua roj vanish.
Xyoo 19th thiab Early 20th Centuries
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, American paintings Richard thiab Jennys Van Vleck tau muab cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov kua roj vanish hauv lawv phau ntawv "The Practice of Painting and Drawing." Lawv pom zoo siv cov kua roj vanish los tiv thaiv cov duab los ntawm cov plua plav thiab av. Thaum xyoo pua 20th, Vincent van Gogh siv cov kua roj vanish hauv nws cov duab kos kom ua tiav cov nyhuv glossy.
Varnish Hnub no
Niaj hnub no, cov kua roj vanish tseem siv los ntawm cov neeg pleev kob thiab cov kws tsim khoom siv los tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho lawv txoj haujlwm. Cov varnishes niaj hnub no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws thiab cov kuab tshuaj, thiab lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau yam, los ntawm matte mus rau siab gloss. Cov kua roj vanish kuj tseem siv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntoo los tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho kev zoo nkauj ntawm ntoo.
Ntau hom kua roj vanish: Dab tsi yog txoj cai rau koj?
Thaum nws los txog rau cov ntoo tiav, cov kua roj vanish yog qhov kev xaiv nrov vim nws muaj ntau yam thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Tab sis koj puas paub tias muaj ntau ntau hom kua roj vanish muaj? Txhua tus yog tsim los ua kom tiav cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb lossis txhim kho qee thaj tsam ntawm cov ntoo zoo li lossis kev tiv thaiv. Hauv seem no, peb yuav ua tib zoo saib ntau yam ntawm cov kua roj vanish thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.
Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm Txhua Hom Varnish
Nov yog qee qhov tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam nrog txhua hom kua roj vanish:
- Roj-raws li kua roj vanish: Hom kua roj vanish no muaj ntau yam thiab siv tau rau ntau yam khoom siv. Nws kuj tseem zoo heev ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntoo los ntawm dej thiab lwm yam khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev kom qhuav kom zoo thiab yuav tsum tau ncua sijhawm kom qhuav.
- Cov kua roj vanish hauv dej: Hom kua roj vanish no yooj yim dua los ntxuav thiab tsis muaj teeb meem rau ib puag ncig. Nws dries sai dua li cov kua roj vanish thiab tsis tshua muaj xim daj thaum lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsis yog tawv lossis ruaj khov raws li cov kua roj vanish thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau ntau lub tsho tiv no kom ua tiav qhov kev tiv thaiv qib siab.
- Polyurethane kua roj vanish: Hom kua roj vanish no muaj ntau yam thiab siv tau rau ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Nws yog tawv, muaj zog, thiab resistant rau reacting rau ntau yam khoom sib txawv. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv, suav nrog matte, satin, thiab glossy. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav nyuaj rau tshem tawm ib zaug thiab tej zaum yuav tsis zoo rau qee hom ntoo lossis ua tiav.
- Spar varnish: Cov kua roj vanish no yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv sab nraum zoov thiab tiv taus dej thiab lwm yam khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsis muaj ntau yam zoo li lwm hom kua roj vanish thiab tej zaum yuav tsis haum rau kev siv sab hauv tsev.
- Lub suab paj nruag varnish: Hom kua roj vanish no yog nyias nyias thiab polished heev, tso cai rau lub ntuj lis ntawm ntoo los ntawm. Nws kuj yog tsim los txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev tso cai rau cov ntoo kom vibrate dawb. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib txawv, nrog rau matte thiab glossy. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsis haum rau lwm hom ntoo tiav thiab yuav xav tau lub zog me ntsis ntxiv kom siv tau zoo.
Siv cov kua roj vanish: Phau ntawv qhia ib kauj ruam dhau-kauj ruam
Ua ntej koj pib siv cov kua roj vanish rau koj qhov project ntoo, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias qhov chaw tau npaj tau zoo. Nov yog yam koj yuav tsum ua:
- Xuab zeb rau saum npoo nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo kom tshem tawm cov pob zeb ntxhib thiab tsim kom zoo nkauj. Sanding kuj pab cov kua roj vanish adhere zoo dua rau cov ntoo.
- Ntxuav lub ntsej muag nrog cov ntaub qhwv thiab cov ntxhia dej kom tshem tawm cov plua plav lossis cov khib nyiab. Xyuas kom meej tias qhov chaw qhuav tag ua ntej tsiv mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej.
Xaiv Txoj Cai Varnish
Muaj ntau hom varnishes muaj, txhua tus nrog lawv tus kheej qib ntawm sheen thiab durability. Nov yog qee yam yuav tsum xav txog thaum xaiv cov kua roj vanish rau koj qhov project:
- Traditional varnishes yog tsim los ntawm cov roj ntuj thiab cov resins, thaum cov kua roj vanish yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Synthetic varnishes feem ntau siv tau ntev dua thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua tiv thaiv UV rays.
- Qee cov kua roj vanish yuav tsum tau thinning ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem siv tau, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha tawm ntawm lub kaus poom. Ua tib zoo nyeem daim ntawv lo kom txiav txim siab seb koj cov kua roj vanish puas yuav tsum tau thinned.
- Yog tias koj xav tau kev ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws, xaiv cov kua roj vanish ntshiab. Cov kua roj vanish no kim dua, tab sis lawv muab qib siab dua ntawm clarity thiab tob.
Sib tov thiab siv cov kua roj vanish
Tam sim no koj tau xaiv cov kua roj vanish zoo, nws yog lub sijhawm los pib siv nws rau koj qhov project ntoo. Nov yog yuav ua li cas:
- Do cov kua roj vanish kom huv si ua ntej koj pib. Stirring xyuas kom meej tias qhov sib tov yog tag nrho sib xyaw thiab yuav ua rau muaj qhov sib xws.
- Ncuav cov kua roj vanish rau hauv ib lub thawv huv thiab quav ib daim ntaub rau hauv ib lub ncoo. Dip lub ncoo rau hauv cov kua roj vanish thiab maj mam so nws mus rau ntawm cov ntoo, ua haujlwm ntawm cov nplej. Nco ntsoov npog tag nrho cheeb tsam sib npaug.
- Cia cov kua roj vanish kom qhuav raws li cov neeg tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Qhov no tuaj yeem siv qhov twg los ntawm ob peb teev mus rau hmo ntuj.
- Thaum cov kua roj vanish qhuav, xuab zeb rau saum npoo maj mam nrog ib daim ntawv zoo grit. Qhov no yuav pab kom du tawm tej qhov chaw ntxhib thiab npaj qhov chaw rau lub tsho tiv no zaum kawg.
- Siv lub tsho tiv no thib ob ntawm cov kua roj vanish siv tib cov txheej txheem ua ntej. Cia nws qhuav tag ua ntej yuav mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej.
Zaum Kawg Nkaus
Tam sim no koj tau siv lub tsho tiv no zaum kawg ntawm cov kua roj vanish, nws yog lub sijhawm los ntxiv qee qhov kawg kov rau koj qhov project ntoo. Nov yog yam koj yuav tsum ua:
- Xuab zeb rau saum npoo maj mam nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo kom tshem tawm cov pob zeb los yog drips.
- Ntxuav lub ntsej muag nrog cov ntaub qhwv thiab cov ntxhia dej kom tshem tawm cov plua plav lossis cov khib nyiab.
- Nyob ntawm seb hom kua roj vanish koj siv, tej zaum koj yuav tau siv ib tug tshwj xeeb ciab los yog polish rau saum npoo kom coj tawm qhov ci.
- Cia saum npoo kom qhuav tag ua ntej siv lossis tuav koj daim ntoo.
Nco ntsoov, kev siv cov kua roj vanish tuaj yeem yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj, tab sis nrog cov txheej txheem thiab kev npaj, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav tiav txhua lub sijhawm.
Qhov Tsis-So-Zoo Sab ntawm Varnish
Cov kua roj vanish yog ib txwm muaj kev tiv thaiv npog rau cov ntoo saum npoo, tab sis tsis yog txhua hom kua roj vanish yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau txhua qhov project. Nov yog qee hom kua roj vanish thiab lawv qhov tsis zoo:
- Roj-raws li cov kua roj vanish: Cov kua roj vanish no feem ntau siv rau sab hauv ntoo, tab sis lawv nyiam daj dhau sijhawm thiab muaj qhov ntom ntom, uas txhais tau hais tias ntau lub tsho tiv no yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tiv thaiv ntau dua.
- Synthetic varnishes: Cov kua roj vanish no yooj yim rau kev thov thiab qhuav sai dua li cov kua roj vanish, tab sis lawv muaj cov kuab tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev thiab ib puag ncig.
- Ntsuj Plig varnishes: Cov kua roj vanish no yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm resin thiab cawv thiab zoo tagnrho rau cov twj paj nruag, tab sis lawv tsis haum rau cov haujlwm sab nraum zoov vim lawv soluble hauv dej thiab hluav taws.
Beginners Pom Varnish nyuaj rau thov
Cov kua roj vanish yog ib hom txheej tshwj xeeb uas xav tau kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem los tsim kom muaj kev ncaj ncees thiab ua tiav. Cov pib tshiab yuav pom tias cov kua roj vanish tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev thov vim:
- Varnish dries qeeb heev, uas txhais tau hais tias nws xav tau ntau txheej txheej kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
- Cov kua roj vanish yog nyias dua li lwm cov sealants, uas txhais tau tias nws xav tau ntau lub tsho tiv no los tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv ntau dua.
- Cov kua roj vanish xav tau ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov thinners los txhim kho nws qhov ntom ntom thiab sib xws.
Yellowing thiab ziab yog cov teeb meem tshwm sim
Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem feem ntau ntawm cov kua roj vanish yog tias nws nyiam daj dhau sijhawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum raug tshav ntuj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua roj vanish dries qeeb heev, uas txhais tau hais tias nws xav tau sijhawm ntxiv los kho thiab tawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho teeb meem rau cov ntoo saum npoo uas yuav tsum tau kho txhua zaus los yog yav tas los varnished.
Alternative Protective Coatings
Yog tias cov kua roj vanish tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv txheej rau koj qhov project, ntawm no yog qee qhov kev xaiv:
- Lacquer: Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem resinous uas dries sai dua cov kua roj vanish thiab ua kom tawv thiab ruaj khov. Nws yog feem ntau yog siv rau cov hniav paintings, paneling, thiab ntoo pem teb.
- Oleo-resinous coatings: Qhov no yog ib qho sib xyaw ntawm cov roj thiab cov resin uas tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv rau cov ntoo. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau lub ru tsev trusses thiab ntoo nto raug hluav taws.
- Mineral coatings: Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem dej uas tsim cov ntaub thaiv npog rau cov ntoo. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau sab nraum zoov tej yaam num thiab ntoo nto raug dej.
Varnish vs Polyurethane: Qhov twg yog Qhov Zoo Tshaj Ntoo Ua tiav?
Thaum nws los txog rau kev xaiv cov ntoo zoo tshaj plaws, cov kua roj vanish thiab polyurethane yog ob ntawm cov khoom nrov tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias lawv yuav zoo li zoo sib xws thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, muaj qee qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov:
- Varnish yog ib txwm ua tiav los ntawm cov resins, roj, thiab cov kuab tshuaj, thaum polyurethane yog cov yas yas.
- Varnish muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua tiv thaiv UV kev puas tsuaj, ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov haujlwm sab nraum zoov.
- Polyurethane dries sai dua thiab yooj yim dua rau kev thov, ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov haujlwm ceev.
Pros thiab Cons ntawm Varnish
Cov kua roj vanish tau siv los ua cov ntoo tiav rau ntau pua xyoo, thiab rau qhov laj thawj zoo. Nov yog qee qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv cov kua roj vanish:
pros:
- Cov kua roj vanish tsim ib qho zoo nkauj, ntuj tiav uas tso cai rau cov ntoo ua kom pom los ntawm.
- Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev siv sab nraum zoov.
- Cov kua roj vanish yog ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm ntau hom ntoo, los ntawm rooj tog mus rau decks.
cons:
- Cov kua roj vanish tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev thov sib npaug, thiab ua tiav qhov xav tau tuab tuaj yeem yog qhov nyuaj.
- Tsis tu ncua sanding thiab polishing yuav tsum tau ua kom lub tiav saib tshiab.
- Cov kua roj vanish tuaj yeem hnov ntxhiab lossis tacky rau qhov kov, uas qee tus neeg pom qhov tsis zoo.
xaus
Varnish yog txheej pob tshab siv rau saum npoo los txhim kho nws cov tsos thiab tiv thaiv nws ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Nws yog qhov zoo cuab yeej rau woodworkers (ntau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no) thiab cov kws ua yeeb yam, thiab muaj cov kua roj vanish rau txhua qhov project thiab txhua qhov xav tau. Tsuas yog nco ntsoov xaiv hom zoo thiab siv nws kom raug rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Kuv yog Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Tools Doctor, cov ntsiab lus lag luam, thiab txiv. Kuv nyiam sim cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab ua ke nrog kuv pab neeg kuv tau tsim cov ntawv blog tob txij li xyoo 2016 los pab cov neeg nyeem siab ncaj nrog cov cuab yeej & cov lus qhia ua khoom siv.
