Vinyl yog a cov ntaub ntawv uas ua los ntawm polyvinyl chloride uas tau siv ntau yam khoom los ntawm flooring mus rau phab ntsa npog rau nws pib qhwv. Nws yog cov khoom siv ntau yam uas tau siv ntau xyoo lawm. Nws yog cov khoom siv yas uas tau siv rau hauv txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hluav taws xob xaim mus rau cable rwb thaiv tsev.
Hauv chemistry, vinyl lossis ethenyl yog pawg ua haujlwm −CH = CH2, uas yog cov ethylene molecule (H2C = CH2) rho tawm ib hydrogen atom. Lub npe kuj tseem siv rau txhua qhov sib xyaw uas muaj cov pab pawg, uas yog R−CH = CH2 qhov twg R yog lwm pawg ntawm atoms.
Yog li, vinyl yog dab tsi? Cia peb nkag mus rau hauv keeb kwm thiab siv cov khoom siv ntau yam no.
Hauv kab ntawv no peb yuav npog:
- Wb tham Vinyl: Lub Ntiaj Teb Groovy ntawm Polyvinyl Chloride
- Los ntawm Granulate rau Versatile Vinyl: Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv yooj yim thiab pheej yig
- Kev siv ntau yam ntawm vinyl: Cov khoom siv ntau yam
- Ua haujlwm nrog Vinyl: Phau Ntawv Qhia Ua Haujlwm
- Puas yog Vinyl Muaj Kev Nyab Xeeb? Cia peb nrhiav
- Lub Vinyl Lifecycle: Los Ntawm Kev Tsim Los Pov Tseg
- Vinyl: Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tsis-So-Environmentally-Friendly
- xaus
Wb tham Vinyl: Lub Ntiaj Teb Groovy ntawm Polyvinyl Chloride
Vinyl yog ib hom yas uas muaj feem ntau ntawm polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom los ntawm flooring rau siding rau phab ntsa. Thaum cov khoom raug xa mus rau "vinyl", nws feem ntau yog luv luv rau PVC yas.
Keeb kwm ntawm Vinyl
Lo lus "vinyl" los ntawm Latin lo lus "vinum," uas txhais tau tias cawv. Lub sij hawm yog thawj zaug siv nyob rau hauv 1890s los hais txog ib hom yas ua los ntawm cov roj crude. Nyob rau xyoo 1920, ib tug kws tshuaj hu ua Waldo Semon tau tshawb pom tias PVC tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv cov yas ruaj khov, tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tau coj mus rau kev tsim cov khoom yas uas peb paub niaj hnub no.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Vinyl
Vinyl yog cov khoom siv ntau yam uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ntau yam khoom, suav nrog:
- flooring
- Nqa
- Phab ntsa npog
- Auto qhwv
- Sau albums
Ua si Vinyl Cov Ntaub Ntawv
Vinyl cov ntaub ntawv yog hom ntawv zoo rau kev ntaus suab paj nruag. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm PVC yas thiab nias rau hauv LPs (cov ntaub ntawv ua si ntev) uas tuav cov grooves uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv suab. Vinyl cov ntaub ntawv raug ntaus ntawm 33 1/3 lossis 45 rpm thiab tuaj yeem tuav cov nkauj cais uas tau xaiv los ntawm tus mloog.
Tus nqi ntawm Vinyl
Vinyl cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv lub ntiaj teb suab paj nruag. Lawv feem ntau nrhiav tom qab los ntawm cov neeg sau thiab cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag rau lawv lub suab zoo thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm. Vinyl cov ntaub ntawv kuj yog hom nrov rau DJs thiab cov tsim tawm suab paj nruag.
Cov khoom zoo sib xws rau Vinyl
Vinyl feem ntau siv sib hloov nrog lo lus "cov ntaub ntawv" lossis "album." Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm hom kev ntaus suab paj nruag uas zoo ib yam li vinyl, suav nrog:
- Kab xev tapes
- CDs
- Cov luam tawm
Los ntawm Granulate rau Versatile Vinyl: Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv yooj yim thiab pheej yig
Vinyl yog ib hom yas uas yog tsim los ntawm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) granulate. Txhawm rau tsim cov yas, cov granulate yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub ntawm ib ncig ntawm 160 degrees Celsius kom txog thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev khov. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov yas tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov ncuav mog qab zib me me uas hnyav li 160 grams.
Moulding lub Vinyl
Cov ncuav mog qab zib vinyl tau muab tso rau hauv pwm uas tau rhaub rau 180 degrees Celsius, ua rau cov yas ruaj khov rau liquefy. Tom qab ntawd cov yas raug tso cai kom txias thiab khov rau hauv pwm, noj rau hauv daim ntawv xav tau.
Ntxiv ntsev thiab roj av
Txhawm rau tsim cov yas sib txawv, cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem ntxiv ntsev lossis roj av rau hauv cov yas sib tov. Cov ntsev los yog roj av ntxiv yuav nyob ntawm seb hom vinyl xav tau.
Sib tov Resin thiab hmoov
Cov txheej txheem electrolytic kuj tseem siv tau los muab kev ruaj ntseg thiab zoo sib xws rau cov yas yas. Qhov no resin yog ces tov nrog ib tug hmoov los tsim kom tau lub siab zoo sib xws ntawm cov yas.
Kev siv ntau yam ntawm vinyl: Cov khoom siv ntau yam
Vinyl yog qhov kev xaiv nrov hauv kev tsim kho thiab tsim kev lag luam vim nws cov nqi qis thiab cov khoom siv dav dav. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom xws li siding, qhov rais, ib leeg-ply vov tsev daim nyias nyias, fencing, decking, phab ntsa npog, thiab flooring. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau nws cov koob meej yog nws cov durability thiab toughness, ua rau nws muaj zog thiab ntev kev xaiv rau lub tsev xav tau kev pab. Tsis tas li ntawd, vinyl yuav tsum tau siv dej tsawg thiab kev saib xyuas piv rau cov khoom siv xws li ntoo thiab hlau.
Hluav taws xob thiab Hlau
Vinyl kuj tseem yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob, uas feem ntau siv los tsim cov hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev vim nws cov khoom hluav taws xob zoo heev. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom thiab cov ntaub ntawv, ua rau nws haum rau ntau yam kev xav tau. Kev tsim cov vinyl hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev tau nce ntau lab tons hauv ib xyoos, ua rau nws yog ib qhov chaw loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv yas.
Ntawv thiab Polymer
Vinyl daim ntawv thiab polymer kuj yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam yas. Cov ntawv yas feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov phab ntsa, hauv pem teb, thiab lwm yam kev siv kho kom zoo nkauj vim nws muaj ntau yam thiab yooj yim-rau-txiav xwm. Polymer vinyl, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog hom tshiab vinyl uas tau tsim los ua kom tiav cov khoom xav tau xws li kev ua tau zoo, cov khoom siv roj ntsha, thiab kev tsim ntuj tsim.
Suab paj nruag thiab yooj yim
Vinyl kuj tseem pom muaj nyob hauv kev lag luam suab paj nruag, qhov twg nws yog siv los tsim cov ntaub ntawv vim nws lub suab zoo heev. Vinyl cov ntaub ntawv tseem nrov ntawm cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag vim lawv lub suab muaj zog thiab yooj yim. Tsis tas li ntawd, vinyl yog qhov kev xaiv nrov rau cov neeg siv uas xav tau cov khoom siv tu qis thiab siv tau yooj yim, ua rau nws muaj kev xaiv tsim nyog rau ntau yam kev xav tau.
Cov teebmeem tsis zoo thiab tshawb nrhiav
Thaum vinyl yog cov khoom siv ntau yam thiab nrov, nws tsis yog qhov tsis zoo. Vinyl ntau lawm thiab pov tseg tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, ua rau nws tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab tshawb fawb thiab nrhiav txoj hauv kev zoo dua los tsim thiab siv vinyl. Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no yog tsom rau kev nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txo qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov yas thaum tseem tuav nws cov khoom zoo heev.
Ua haujlwm nrog Vinyl: Phau Ntawv Qhia Ua Haujlwm
- Ua ntej koj pib ua haujlwm nrog vinyl, nco ntsoov nrhiav lub khw zoo uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv yas los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom sib txawv.
- Xav txog hom vinyl uas koj xav tau rau koj qhov project, vim muaj ntau hom muaj xws li li niaj zaus, nruab nrab, thiab muaj zog vinyl.
- Thaum koj muaj koj daim ntawv yas, pib los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas nws rau cov khoom siv ntau dhau lossis cov khib nyiab uas yuav tau daig rau nws thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom.
- Txiav cov ntawv yas rau hauv qhov loj thiab cov duab uas xav tau siv cov hniav kom raug. Nco ntsoov ceev faj thiab tawm me ntsis ntawm cov khoom siv ntau dhau los ua kom cov txheej txheem yooj yim dua.
Ntxiv Vinyl rau koj qhov project
- Thaum koj muaj koj cov ntaub yas txiav rau qhov loj thiab zoo, nws yog lub sijhawm los ntxiv rau koj qhov project.
- Xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov chaw koj ntxiv cov yas kom huv si thiab qhuav ua ntej muab cov yas rau nws.
- Ua tib zoo tev lub nraub qaum tawm ntawm cov yas thiab muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw, pib ntawm ib qho kawg thiab ua haujlwm koj txoj kev mus rau lwm qhov.
- Siv ib lub cuab yeej xws li lub squeegee los maj mam nias lub yas rau saum npoo, kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cua npuas lossis wrinkles.
- Tshawb xyuas cov yas tsis tu ncua kom paub tseeb tias nws yog lo kom raug thiab kho raws li qhov xav tau.
Ua kom tiav koj qhov project Vinyl
- Thaum koj tau ntxiv tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yas rau koj qhov project, ua ib kauj ruam rov qab thiab qhuas koj txoj haujlwm!
- Nco ntsoov ntxuav cov khoom siv ntau dhau thiab cov khoom siv uas koj siv thaum ua haujlwm.
- Yog tias koj pom tias koj xav tau cov yas lossis cov khoom siv ntxiv, tsis txhob txhawj. Vinyl yog dav muaj thiab muaj ntau tus tsim thiab hom xaiv los ntawm.
- Nrog me ntsis kev xyaum thiab ua siab ntev, kev ua haujlwm nrog cov yas tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.
Puas yog Vinyl Muaj Kev Nyab Xeeb? Cia peb nrhiav
Polyvinyl chloride, feem ntau hu ua vinyl, yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav siv hauv ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj yog cov yas uas muaj tshuaj lom tshaj plaws rau peb kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig. PVC muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li phthalates, lead, cadmium, thiab organotins, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv loj xws li mob qog noj ntshav, yug me nyuam, thiab kev loj hlob.
Kev Sib Tw rau Phase Out PVC
Tau ntau tshaj 30 xyoo, cov thawj coj saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, kev ncaj ncees ib puag ncig, thiab cov koom haum cuam tshuam txog kev noj qab haus huv thoob plaws lub tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb tau tawm tsam kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom no. Cov koom haum no suav nrog Greenpeace, Sierra Club, thiab Pawg Ua Haujlwm Ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam. Lawv tau thov kom tshem tawm PVC los ntawm cov khoom xws li cov khoom ua si, ntim khoom, thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Nyob Zoo
Thaum PVC tseem siv dav hauv ntau cov khoom, muaj cov kauj ruam uas koj tuaj yeem ua kom txo tau koj qhov kev cuam tshuam rau cov yas tshuaj lom no:
- Tsis txhob siv cov khoom ua los ntawm PVC thaum twg los tau, xws li cov ntaub da dej, cov ntaub pua plag, thiab cov khoom ua si yas.
- Saib rau cov khoom uas ua los ntawm cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb, xws li cov roj hmab ntuj, silicone, lossis iav.
- Yog tias koj yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv PVC, sim xaiv cov uas tau sau tias "phthalate-dawb" lossis "dawb txhuas".
- Tshem tawm cov khoom siv PVC kom zoo los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm leaching tshuaj lom rau hauv ib puag ncig.
Lub Vinyl Lifecycle: Los Ntawm Kev Tsim Los Pov Tseg
Vinyl yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ethylene, uas yog muab los ntawm cov roj av lossis roj av, thiab cov tshuaj chlorine, uas tau los ntawm ntsev. Lub resulting vinyl resin yog ces tov nrog ntau yam additives los muab nws cov yam ntxwv, xws li yooj, durability, thiab xim.
Tsim cov khoom siv Vinyl
Thaum cov vinyl resin raug tsim, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ntau yam khoom, suav nrog:
- Vinyl pem teb
- Yas siding
- Vinyl qhov rais
- Vinyl cov khoom ua si
- Ntaub ntawv Vinyl
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom rau txhua yam ntawm cov khoom no yuav txawv me ntsis, tab sis feem ntau suav nrog cov cua sov thiab tsim cov yas yas rau hauv daim ntawv xav tau.
Kev kho thiab tuav cov khoom Vinyl
Txhawm rau txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov khoom yas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lawv kom raug. Nov yog ob peb lub tswv yim:
- Ntxuav cov khoom yas tsis tu ncua nrog xab npum me me thiab dej
- Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj hnyav hnyav lossis cov tshuaj abrasive
- Khaws cov khoom yas tawm ntawm lub hnub ncaj qha, uas tuaj yeem ua rau fading thiab tawg
- Kho tej kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom yas kom sai li sai tau kom tsis txhob hnav thiab tsim kua muag ntxiv
Vinyl: Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tsis-So-Environmentally-Friendly
Vinyl cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim los ntawm Polyvinyl chloride, los yog PVC, uas yog ib hom yas. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim cov PVC tsis yog ib puag ncig zoo. Raws li Greenpeace, PVC yog cov yas ua rau ib puag ncig zoo tshaj plaws vim yog tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, tshuaj chlorine-raws li tshuaj thaum tsim khoom. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv dej, huab cua, thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus, ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj qus.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Vinyl rau ib puag ncig
Cov ntaub ntawv Vinyl tej zaum yuav yog qhov nruab nrab uas nyiam rau cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag, tab sis lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig. Nov yog qee txoj hauv kev tsim cov yas yas thiab siv cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig:
- PVC ntau lawm tso tawm cov tshuaj phem rau hauv huab cua thiab dej, ua rau muaj kuab paug thiab kev hloov huab cua.
- Vinyl cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog biodegradable thiab tuaj yeem siv ntau pua xyoo los rhuav tshem hauv qhov chaw pov tseg.
- Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv vinyl yuav tsum tau siv cov peev txheej uas tsis yog txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, xws li roj thiab roj.
Peb Yuav Ua Li Cas Txog Nws?
Txawm hais tias nws yuav zoo li tsis muaj ntau yam peb tuaj yeem ua tau los ua cov yas yas thiab siv ntau tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig, muaj ob peb yam uas peb tuaj yeem ua kom muaj qhov sib txawv:
- Txhawb nqa cov ntawv sau uas siv cov khoom siv hauv eco thiab kev tsim khoom.
- Yuav siv cov ntaub ntawv yas siv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab los txo qhov kev thov rau kev tsim khoom tshiab.
- Tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv yas tsis zoo los ntawm kev rov ua dua lossis pub dawb tsis txhob muab pov tseg.
xaus
Yog li ntawd koj muaj nws - keeb kwm ntawm vinyl, thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li nrov niaj hnub no. Nws yog cov khoom siv ntau yam uas tau siv rau txhua yam los ntawm flooring mus rau phab ntsa npog los sau albums, thiab nws tau siv rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo. Yog li lwm zaus koj pom cov khoom yas, koj yuav paub meej tias nws yog dab tsi!
Kuv yog Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Tools Doctor, cov ntsiab lus lag luam, thiab txiv. Kuv nyiam sim cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab ua ke nrog kuv pab neeg kuv tau tsim cov ntawv blog tob txij li xyoo 2016 los pab cov neeg nyeem siab ncaj nrog cov cuab yeej & cov lus qhia ua khoom siv.
