Wet sanding yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib xuab zeb txheej txheem uas siv dej raws li ib tug lubricant kom tshem tawm cov khoom los ntawm ib tug nto. Nws yog siv los ua kom du nto thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo, hlau, thiab cov xim tsheb.
Hauv kab lus no, kuv yuav piav qhia seb nws ua li cas thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li muaj txiaj ntsig. Ntxiv rau, kuv yuav muab qee cov lus qhia rau koj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Cia peb dhia dej.
Hauv kab ntawv no peb yuav npog:
Daim duab ntawm ntub Sanding: Ib txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav qhov tsis tiav
Kev ntub dej ntub dej yog txheej txheem sanding uas siv dej los yog lwm cov kua ua lubrication los ntxuav cov khoom abrasive. Txoj kev no yog siv dav hauv kev tsim kho, tsheb, thiab pleev xim kev lag luam los npaj cov chaw rau glossy tiav. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav qhov du thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, thiab nws ua haujlwm zoo rau cov khoom sib txawv.
Wet Sanding Ua Haujlwm li cas?
Cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog siv cov cuab yeej xws li cov ntawv xuab zeb lossis cov xuab zeb thaiv thiab muab tso rau hauv dej los yog cov kua dej. Cov ntawv xuab zeb ntub dej yog siv los tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov khoom siv, uas yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej glossy tiav. Cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog ntau theem, nrog rau txhua theem siv cov ntawv zoo dua kom ua tiav qhov smoother.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem rau ntub Sanding?
Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv rau cov xuab zeb ntub dej:
- Xaiv cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo rau txoj haujlwm
- Ua raws li cov kauj ruam thiab theem kom raug
- Siv cov xuab zeb thaiv los yog cov cuab yeej los xyuas kom meej tias txawm tias siab
- Ntxuav qhov chaw tsis tu ncua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khib nyiab thiab cov khoom raug tshem tawm
- Buff nto tom qab ntub xuab zeb kom ua tiav glossy tiav
Kev ntub dej ntub dej yog cov txheej txheem nrov siv hauv ntau yam kev lag luam kom ua tiav qhov zoo thiab polished tiav. Nov yog qee qhov kev siv feem ntau ntawm cov xuab zeb ntub dej:
- Car bodywork: ntub xuab zeb yog ib qho kev coj ua hauv kev lag luam tsheb los npaj lub cev rau kev pleev xim. Nws pab tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo, xws li khawb, dents, thiab xeb, thiab tsim kom zoo nkauj rau lub tsho tiv no zaum kawg. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb abrasive, xws li cov xuab zeb thaiv, thiab cov dej tshiab los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
- Hlau polishing: Cov xuab zeb ntub dej kuj tseem siv los txhuam cov khoom hlau, xws li cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, nyiaj, thiab cov cuab yeej. Nws pab tshem tawm cov khawb los yog blemishes ntawm qhov chaw thiab tsim ib daim iav zoo li tag. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov grit tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv abrasive, xws li 1000-2000 grit, thiab cov dej tshiab los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm khawb ntawm qhov chaw.
- Woodworking: ntub xuab zeb yog cov txheej txheem nrov siv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntoo los npaj qhov chaw rau kev ua tiav. Nws pab tshem tawm tej qhov chaw ntxhib, blemishes, los yog tsa lis thiab tsim ib tug du thiab theem nto. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov xuab zeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv abrasive, xws li 220-320 grit, thiab cov dej tshiab los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
- 3D luam ntawv: Cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog ib kauj ruam hauv kev ua haujlwm tom qab ntawm 3D luam tawm kom tshem tawm tej qhov chaw ntxhib lossis tsis zoo thiab tsim kom zoo nkauj thiab ua tiav. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov grit tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv abrasive, xws li 800-1200 grit, thiab cov dej tshiab los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm khawb ntawm qhov chaw.
- Patching thiab kho: Cov xuab zeb ntub dej kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv patching thiab kho cov hauj lwm kom qib tawm ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua kom tiav. Nws pab tshem tawm cov khoom siv ntau dhau thiab tsim ib qhov profile uas phim rau thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov xuab zeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv abrasive, xws li 120-220 grit, thiab cov dej tshiab los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
- Cov khoom tshwj xeeb: Cov xuab zeb ntub dej kuj tseem siv rau qee yam khoom, xws li qee hom xim, kom ua tiav qhov zoo dua. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov grit tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv abrasive, xws li 1500-2000 grit, thiab cov dej tshiab los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm khawb ntawm qhov chaw.
Mastering the Art of Wet Sanding: Phau Ntawv Qhia Step-by-Step
Ua ntej koj pib cov txheej txheem ntub dej, nws tseem ceeb heev kom npaj koj thaj chaw ua haujlwm kom zoo. Nov yog qee cov kauj ruam yooj yim ua raws li:
- Xyuas kom cov cheeb tsam huv si thiab tsis muaj cov av lossis cov khib nyiab uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau saum npoo koj ua haujlwm.
- Muab ob peb blocks los qhwv koj cov ntawv xuab zeb ncig. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua los tswj thiab ua cov ntawv hla dhau.
- Txiav txim siab seb koj puas xav siv cov txheej txheem ziab qhuav lossis ntub dej nyob ntawm cov khoom koj ua haujlwm.
- Yog tias koj siv cov txheej txheem ntub dej ntub dej, nco ntsoov tias koj muaj lub thoob dej nyob ze thiab me ntsis ntawm xab npum los tsim cov kua nplaum.
Xaiv Txoj Cai Grit
Xaiv qhov zoo grit yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txoj kev vam meej ntawm koj cov txheej txheem ntub dej. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov:
- Pib nrog qhov qis tshaj plaws ua tau thiab ua haujlwm koj txoj hauv kev mus txog qhov zoo dua.
- Nyob ntawm seb cov khoom koj tab tom ua haujlwm li cas, koj yuav xav tau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov koj yuav siv ntoo.
- Nco ntsoov tias qhov siab dua tus lej grit, cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo dua.
Ua Cov Txheej Txheem ntub dej
Tam sim no koj muaj koj qhov chaw ua haujlwm npaj thiab koj cov ntawv xuab zeb npaj, nws yog lub sijhawm los pib ntub xuab zeb. Nov yog cov kauj ruam ua raws li:
1. Pib los ntawm maj mam txhuam tag nrho cov seem uas koj xav ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb qhuav kom tshem tawm cov av lossis cov khib nyiab uas yuav raug daig ntawm qhov chaw.
2. Hloov mus rau cov ntawv xuab zeb ntub dej thiab poob rau hauv cov tshuaj lubricating.
3. Maj mam xuab zeb rau thaj tsam ib ncig, ua kom cov ntawv xuab zeb ntub txhua lub sijhawm.
4. Ua kom cov grit raws li koj mus, ua kom lub ntsej muag kom smoothness thiab uniformity.
5. Yog tias koj pom cov npoo los yog kwj, siv cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo los maj mam xuab zeb tawm.
6. Thaum koj tau ua tiav qhov xav tau smoothness, hloov mus rau polishing compound los tsim ib qho ci tiav.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Wet Sanding
Muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig rau kev ntub xuab zeb, suav nrog:
- Nws tso cai rau kev ua tiav smoother dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav.
- Nws tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj rau qhov chaw koj ua haujlwm.
- Nws yog qhov kev xaiv pheej yig dua li lwm cov txheej txheem polishing.
- Nws tso cai rau kev tswj hwm ntau dua thiab nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem sanding.
Yam Yuav Tsum Nco
Nov yog qee cov lus qhia kawg uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum ntub xuab zeb:
- Ib txwm siv cov tshuaj lubricating los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov khoom grit.
- Ua siab ntev thiab siv koj lub sijhawm los xyuas kom meej qhov ua tiav.
- Nyob ntawm cov khoom koj tab tom ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem ntub dej yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua li qhov xav tau.
- Nco ntsoov hloov mus rau cov ntawv xuab zeb tshiab feem ntau kom tsis txhob ua kom puas rau saum npoo.
- Tsis txhob xav tsis thoob yog tias koj nyiam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm koj cov txheej txheem ntub dej ntub dej - nws yog txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb thiab txaus siab los tsim kom zoo nkauj tiav.
Wet Sanding: Txhua Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Paub
Nov yog qee cov lus nug uas tib neeg muaj txog cov xuab zeb ntub dej:
- Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntub xuab zeb yog dab tsi?
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog kom ua tiav ib qho kev sib tw thiab zoo ib yam ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog siv los ua cov kauj ruam kawg hauv cov txheej txheem sanding kom tshem tawm cov khawb lossis qhov tsis zoo uas tau tso tseg los ntawm cov txheej txheem sanding yav dhau los.
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej puas zoo dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav?
Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau suav hais tias zoo dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav vim tias nws tsim cov plua plav tsawg thiab tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov khoom tsis zoo los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xuab zeb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau khawb thiab lwm yam tsis zoo.
- Dab tsi ntawm abrasive kuv yuav tsum siv rau ntub xuab zeb?
Hom abrasive koj yuav tsum siv rau cov xuab zeb ntub yog nyob ntawm cov khoom koj ua haujlwm nrog. Rau feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv, ib daim ntawv zoo super grit sandpaper (xws li 1000 grit) raug pom zoo. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub cuab yeej hluav taws xob nrog cov nylon abrasive ncoo rau thaj chaw loj.
- Kuv puas yuav tsum tau siv dej thaum ntub xuab zeb?
Yog, dej yog tsim nyog thaum ntub xuab zeb. Cov dej pab ua kom lub ntsej muag yog sanded, uas ua rau nws yooj yim dua kom ua tiav ib qho tiav. Nws kuj pab tiv thaiv cov ntawv xuab zeb los ntawm clogging nrog hais.
- Kuv puas tuaj yeem siv daim ntaub niaj hnub los so cov dej thaum xuab zeb ntub?
Tsis yog, nws tsis pom zoo kom siv daim ntaub niaj hnub los so cov dej thaum ntub xuab zeb. Ib daim ntaub nylon lossis microfiber yog qhov zoo dua vim tias nws tsis tshua muaj peev xwm tawm hauv qab cov fibers me me uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntawv xuab zeb.
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej puas yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev ua tiav glossy?
Yog, ntub xuab zeb tuaj yeem pab tau zoo kawg nkaus rau kev ua tiav glossy tiav. Los ntawm kev tshem tawm tej yam tsis zoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, ntub xuab zeb tsim ib tug du thiab sib xws nto uas zoo tagnrho rau polishing.
- Kuv puas yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum ntub xuab zeb?
Yog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ceev faj thaum ntub xuab zeb. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj yog tias tsis ua kom raug. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kauj ruam kom raug thiab siv cov cuab yeej thiab cov ntaub ntawv kom raug kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
- Kuv puas yuav tsum tau siv lub ncoo rov qab thaum ntub xuab zeb?
Yog, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub nraub qaum rov qab thaum ntub xuab zeb. Cov ntaub ntawv thaub qab pab kom paub meej tias cov ntawv xuab zeb tau siv sib npaug thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej ntev npaum li cas?
Lub sij hawm nws yuav siv sij hawm los ntub cov xuab zeb ib thooj nyob ntawm ntau yam, nrog rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm, qib ntawm qhov tsis zoo, thiab qhov xav tau tiav. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej tuaj yeem siv qhov twg los ntawm ob peb feeb mus rau ob peb teev.
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej puas yog txoj haujlwm rau cov kws tshaj lij nkaus xwb?
Tsis yog, cov xuab zeb ntub dej tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm txhua tus uas muaj cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua raws li cov kauj ruam kom raug thiab ua raws li kev ceev faj tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Wet vs Dry Sanding: Qhov txawv yog dab tsi?
Cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog siv cov dej ua cov roj nplua nyeem rau cov xuab zeb ntawm cov khoom siv. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov project. Nov yog qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum nws los txog rau cov xuab zeb ntub dej:
- Nws yog abrasive tsawg dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav, uas ua rau ua kom tiav smoother.
- Nws yooj yim dua los ntxuav thaum cov dej tshem tawm cov plua plav thiab cov khib nyiab.
- Nws tsim nyog rau kev siv zog ntxiv vim nws ua tau zoo, du tiav.
Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Qhuav Sanding
Qhuav sanding yog ib txoj kev sanding yam tsis siv cov dej los ua lub lubricant. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau kev npaj thawj zaug thiab tsim cov khoom siv. Nov yog qee yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum nws los txog rau cov xuab zeb qhuav:
- Nws tshem tawm cov khoom siv ntau dua thiab smooths cov khoom ntxhib sai.
- Nws nrawm dua li cov xuab zeb ntub dej tab sis tuaj yeem messier.
- Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov haujlwm loj uas ntau cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Qhov txawv ntawm ntub thiab qhuav Sanding
Thaum ob txoj kev koom nrog kev xuab zeb, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntub dej thiab qhuav xuab zeb. Nov yog qee qhov sib txawv uas pom tseeb tshaj plaws:
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog siv cov dej ua cov roj nplua nyeem, thaum cov xuab zeb qhuav tsis yog.
- Cov xuab zeb ntub yog tsawg dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav.
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog siv rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov project, thaum sanding qhuav yog siv rau thawj zaug kev npaj thiab shaping.
- Kev ntub dej ntub yuav siv sij hawm ntev dua tab sis ua kom tiav smoother, thaum xuab zeb qhuav sai dua tab sis tuaj yeem messier.
Txoj kev twg yog qhov zoo tshaj?
Txoj kev koj xaiv nyob ntawm seb qhov project tshwj xeeb uas koj tab tom ua haujlwm. Nov yog qee yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum txiav txim siab siv txoj kev twg:
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov project thaum koj xav tau ib qho zoo, polished.
- Qhuav sanding yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev npaj thawj zaug thiab shaping thaum koj xav tau tshem tawm ntau cov khoom sai sai.
- Qee tus neeg nyiam hloov pauv ntawm cov xuab zeb ntub thiab qhuav nyob ntawm theem ntawm qhov project.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Grit Loj
Qhov loj me me ntawm koj cov ntawv xuab zeb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem sanding. Nov yog qee yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov:
- Coarse grits (tus lej qis) yog siv rau thawj zaug kev npaj thiab shaping.
- Fine grits (tus lej siab dua) yog siv los ua kom tiav thiab polishing.
- Qhov loj me me uas koj siv yog nyob ntawm cov khoom koj ua haujlwm nrog thiab qib ntawm qhov koj xav ua kom tiav.
Feem ntau siv rau ntub thiab qhuav Sanding
Nov yog qee qhov kev siv rau ntub thiab qhuav sanding:
- Cov xuab zeb ntub dej feem ntau yog siv los ua tiav cov ntoo, cov ntaub ntawv ntuj, thiab cov xim tsheb.
- Qhuav sanding feem ntau yog siv rau thawj zaug kev npaj thiab shaping ntawm ntoo, hlau, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
- Ob txoj kev tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam haujlwm, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
Tshawb xyuas koj tus qauv tsim thiab cov khoom siv
Ua ntej koj pib sanding, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuas koj tus tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv los txiav txim seb qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev thiab grit loj siv. Nov yog qee yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov:
- Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv xav tau cov txheej txheem sanding sib txawv thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg.
- Qib ntawm kev ua tiav koj xav ua kom tiav kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem sanding.
- Siv sijhawm los nyeem cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab tsim qauv uas koj ua haujlwm nrog kom ntseeg tau tias koj siv txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau txoj haujlwm.
Wet Sanding vs Dry Sanding: Yam khoom twg yuav tsum siv txoj kev twg?
Thaum nws los txog rau sanding ntoo, ntub sanding feem ntau yog txoj kev nyiam. Qhov no yog vim cov ntoo yog cov khoom siv softer uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav, thiab cov xuab zeb ntub dej ua kom zoo dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej kuj tseem tiv thaiv cov ntoo kom tsis txhob muaj plua plav, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov ntoo ntxhib heev, cov xuab zeb qhuav yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov khoom loj dua ua ntej mus rau hauv cov xuab zeb ntub dej.
Hlau
Hlau yog cov khoom siv nyuaj uas feem ntau xav tau cov xuab zeb qhuav. Qhov no yog vim tias cov xuab zeb ntub dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau xeb yog tias cov dej tau raug kaw hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom. Cov xuab zeb qhuav kuj yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua thaum nws los ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau, vim tias cov xuab zeb ntub dej muaj kev siv dej thiab hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
yas
Yas yog cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem sanded siv ob txoj kev, tab sis nws feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov duab thiab kev tsim kho ntawm cov yas. Yog tias cov yas loj thiab tiaj tus, cov xuab zeb ntub dej yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws vim nws tsim kom zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov yas me me thiab zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, cov xuab zeb qhuav yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua vim nws xav tau kev tswj xyuas ntau dua thiab raug.
Qhob
Qhob yog cov khoom siv uas feem ntau xav tau cov xuab zeb qhuav. Qhov no yog vim cov xuab zeb ntub dej tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab plua plav ntawm qhov chaw, uas tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev ntxuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xuab zeb ntub dej yuav tsum tau muaj dej ntau, uas tuaj yeem ua teeb meem yog tias thaj chaw tsis muaj qhov cua zoo. Qhuav sanding ua vaj tse koom nrog kev siv coarse grit sandpaper kom tshem tawm cov khoom loj dua, ua raws li cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo kom ua tiav kom tiav.
Ntsuab me me
Cov hlau me me yog cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem sanded siv ob txoj kev, tab sis ntub xuab zeb feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv. Qhov no yog vim tias cov hlau me me yog cov khoom siv softer uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav, thiab cov xuab zeb ntub dej ua kom zoo dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav. Cov xuab zeb ntub dej kuj tseem siv cov lubricating sib xyaw ntawm cov dej thiab cov abrasive, uas pab tiv thaiv cov hlau tsis txhob txhaws nrog plua plav.
xaus
Yog li ntawd koj muaj nws - txhua yam koj yuav tsum paub txog ntub xuab zeb. Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom tau txais kev ua tiav ntawm ntau yam khoom sib txawv, thiab nws yog ib txoj hauv kev nrov hauv kev lag luam tsheb thiab kev tsim kho. Ntxiv rau, nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom tshem tawm txhua qhov tsis zoo thiab khawb. Yog li tsis txhob ntshai muab nws sim!
Kuv yog Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Tools Doctor, cov ntsiab lus lag luam, thiab txiv. Kuv nyiam sim cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab ua ke nrog kuv pab neeg kuv tau tsim cov ntawv blog tob txij li xyoo 2016 los pab cov neeg nyeem siab ncaj nrog cov cuab yeej & cov lus qhia ua khoom siv.
