Alternator ndi magetsi jenereta zomwe zimatembenuza mphamvu yamakina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi ngati njira yosinthira magetsi. Pazifukwa za mtengo ndi kuphweka, ma alternator ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito yozungulira yokhala ndi zida zoima.
M'nkhaniyi, ndifotokoza chomwe alternator ndi, momwe imagwirira ntchito, komanso chifukwa chake ili yofunika kwambiri. Komanso, ndigawana zinthu zosangalatsa za chodabwitsa ichi.
Mu positi iyi tikambirana:
Momwe Alternator Imagwirira Ntchito: Chigawo Chachikulu cha Magetsi a Galimoto Yanu
Alternator ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi agalimoto yanu. Ili ndi udindo wosinthira mphamvu zamakina kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira zida zamagetsi zosiyanasiyana zagalimoto yanu. Alternator nthawi zambiri imamangiriridwa ku injini ndipo imayendetsedwa ndi lamba lomwe limatembenuza rotor mkati mwa alternator. Pamene rotor ikuzungulira, imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapangitsa kuti magetsi azikhala muzitsulo za stator. Izi zimasinthidwa kuchoka ku AC kupita ku DC ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipiritsa batire ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zagalimoto.
Zigawo: Kodi Alternator Muli Chiyani?
Alternator ili ndi zigawo zingapo zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kupanga mphamvu zamagetsi. Magawo awa akuphatikizapo:
- Rotor: Chidutswa chozungulira cha alternator chomwe chimapanga mphamvu ya maginito.
- Stator: Chidutswa chosasunthika cha alternator chomwe chili ndi mapindikidwe omwe amapanga magetsi.
- Rectifier: Chigawo chomwe chimasintha mphamvu ya AC yopangidwa ndi alternator kukhala DC yapano.
- Voltage Regulator: Chigawo chomwe chimayang'anira mphamvu yamagetsi ya alternator kuti iwonetsetse kuti ikukhala mumtundu wina wake.
- Chokupiza: Chigawo chomwe chimaziziritsa alternator pouzira mpweya pamwamba pake.
Njira: Kodi Alternator Imagwira Ntchito Motani?
Njira ya momwe alternator imagwirira ntchito imatha kugawidwa m'njira zingapo:
- Injini imayamba, ndipo alternator imayamba kuzungulira.
- Pamene rotor ikuzungulira, imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapangitsa kuti magetsi azikhala muzitsulo za stator.
- Mphamvu ya AC yopangidwa ndi ma stator windings imasinthidwa kukhala DC yamakono ndi rectifier.
- Voltage regulator imayang'anira mphamvu yamagetsi ya alternator kuti iwonetsetse kuti imakhala mkati mwamtundu wina.
- Mphamvu ya DC yomwe imapangidwa ndi alternator imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipiritsa batire ndikuwongolera zida zamagetsi zagalimoto.
Zotulutsa: Kodi Alternator Imapanga Mphamvu Zochuluka Bwanji?
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yopangidwa ndi alternator kumadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo kukula kwa alternator, liwiro lomwe likuzungulira, ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimayikidwa. Ma alternator okhazikika nthawi zambiri amatulutsa pakati pa 40 ndi 120 amps apano pa 12 volts. Komabe, ma alternators ena otulutsa kwambiri amatha kupanga mpaka ma amps 300 apano pa 14 volts.
Chofunika: Chifukwa Chiyani Alternator Ndi Yofunika?
Alternator ndi gawo lofunikira pamagetsi agalimoto yanu. Popanda alternator, galimoto yanu sikanatha kuyiyamba kapena kuthamanga. Alternator ili ndi udindo wopereka mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimafunikira kuti ayambitse injini ndikuwongolera magawo osiyanasiyana amagetsi agalimoto, kuphatikiza magetsi, wailesi, ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi. Imalipiranso batri, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri poyambitsa galimoto ndikupereka mphamvu kuzinthu zamagetsi pamene injini sikuyenda.
Apainiya ndi Mibadwo Yoyambirira ya Alternators
Mbiri ya alternator inayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 19 pamene Michael Faraday adapeza mfundo ya electromagnetic induction. Kupeza kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti pakhale makina opangira magetsi. Komabe, makinawa amatha kupanga Direct current (DC) yomwe siinali yoyenera kuyatsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zina zomwe zimafunikira ma alternating current (AC).
Kukula kwa Alternators
Kukula kwa alternator kunayamba chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 pomwe apainiya monga Nikola Tesla ndi George Westinghouse adayamba kuyesa majenereta a AC. Jenereta ya hydroelectric ya Westinghouse inali yopambana pakupanga mphamvu ya AC, ndipo idatsegula njira yopangira ma alternator amakono.
Ntchito Zankhondo ndi Zamakampani za Alternators
Panthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, mitundu yamakono yosinthira magalimoto idagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba m'magulu ankhondo kuti aziyika zida zamawayilesi pamagalimoto apadera. Nkhondo itatha, magalimoto ena okhala ndi magetsi okwera kwambiri, monga ma ambulansi ndi ma taxi, ankathanso kuikidwa ma alternators. Ma Alternators adapezanso njira yolowera m'mafakitale, makina opangira mphamvu ndi zida zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu zamagetsi.
Zomwe Alternator Imachita: Mphamvu Yagalimoto Yanu
Alternator ndi gawo lofunikira pamagetsi agalimoto yanu. Ndi udindo akatembenuka mphamvu mawotchi mu mphamvu yamagetsi, amene ndiye ntchito mphamvu galimoto yanu zigawo magetsi. Alternator imapanga mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imayenda kudzera pa mawaya ndi zingwe kuti batire isamalizike ndikuyatsa zida, magetsi, ndi zida zina zamagetsi mgalimoto yanu.
Kuyamba Injini
Alternator ilinso ndi udindo wopereka mphamvu zamagetsi zofunikira kuti muyambitse injini yagalimoto yanu. Mukatembenuza kiyi poyatsira, alternator imayamba kupanga mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza injiniyo. Popanda alternator, galimoto yanu siingathe kuyimitsa.
Kupanga AC ndi DC Current
Alternator imapanga magetsi a AC (alternating current) ndi DC (direct current) mphamvu yamagetsi. Mphamvu ya AC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa mphamvu zida zamagetsi m'galimoto yanu, pomwe DC yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipiritsa batire. Alternator ili ndi chowongolera chomwe chimasintha AC yapano kukhala DC yapano, yomwe imatumizidwa ku batri kuti isungike.
Kuteteza Magetsi a Galimoto Yanu
Alternator ili pafupi ndi injini ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi batri ndi zida zina zamagetsi kudzera pamawaya ndi zingwe zingapo. Imapangidwa kuti ipirire kutentha kwambiri komanso kugwedezeka komwe kumapangidwa ndi injini ndipo imakonzedwa kuti ikhale moyo wagalimoto yanu. Alternator ilinso ndi zinthu zomwe zimalola kuti zizitha kuyendetsa magetsi komanso kuteteza magetsi agalimoto yanu kuti asawonongeke.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi Magawo Ena Kupanga Njira Yolipiritsa
Alternator ndi gawo limodzi chabe la makina ochapira agalimoto yanu. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi mbali zina, monga batire, mawaya, ndi fan, kuti apange dongosolo lathunthu lomwe lapangidwa kuti likhale ndi mphamvu ya batri ndikupereka mphamvu zamagetsi ku zigawo za galimoto yanu. Dongosolo lolipiritsa ndi gawo lofunikira lagalimoto yanu ndipo liyenera kusamalidwa kuti liwonetsetse kuti likuyenda bwino.
Kusankha Alternator Yoyenera Pagalimoto Yanu
Pankhani yosankha alternator yagalimoto yanu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kuziganizira. Kukula ndi kutulutsa kwa alternator ziyenera kufanana ndi zosowa zamagetsi agalimoto yanu. Wopanga ndi mtundu wa alternator ndizofunikanso kuziganizira, chifukwa zingakhudze ubwino ndi kudalirika kwa alternator. Pamapeto pake, alternator yomwe mumasankha iyenera kumangidwa kuti ikhalepo ndikupereka mphamvu yamagetsi yofunikira kuti galimoto yanu isayende bwino.
Imasainira Alternator Anu Akufuna Service
Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoonekeratu za alternator yolephera ndi kuwala kwa dashboard chenjezo. Kuwala kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumawoneka ngati batire kapena amati "ALT" kapena "GEN." Ngati kuwalaku kukuwoneka, ndikofunikira kuthetsa vutoli mwachangu.
Kuwala kapena Kuwala Kuwala
Ngati nyali zanu zakutsogolo kapena mkati mwanu zikuthima kapena kuthwanima, ndi chizindikiro kuti alternator yanu siyikupanga mphamvu zokwanira. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha alternator yolephera kapena lamba lotayirira.
Phokoso
Ngati mumva phokoso lachilendo kuchokera ku injini yanu, zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha alternator yolephera. Chosinthira choyipa chimatha kutulutsa phokoso lamitundumitundu, kuphatikiza kulira, kugaya, ndi kunjenjemera.
Mavuto a Battery
Ngati batri yanu ikufa nthawi zonse kapena ikufunika kuyambika, zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha alternator yolephera. Alternator ili ndi udindo wopereka mphamvu ku batri, kotero ngati sikugwira ntchito bwino, batire silingathe kusunga mphamvu yake.
Mavuto Amagetsi
Ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto amagetsi, monga mazenera amagetsi kapena maloko osagwira ntchito, zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha chosinthira choyipa. Alternator ili ndi udindo wopereka mphamvu kuzinthu zonse zamagetsi mgalimoto yanu, ndiye ngati sizikuyenda bwino, mutha kuwona kuti zida zina zamagetsi sizikuyenda bwino.
Kuyamba Kovuta
Ngati galimoto yanu ikuvutika kuti muyambe, zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha alternator yolephera. Alternator ili ndi udindo wopereka mphamvu ku injini yoyambira, kotero ngati siyikuyenda bwino, galimoto yanu siyingayambike konse.
Linanena bungwe Low Voteji
Ngati muli ndi multimeter, mutha kuyesa kutulutsa kwamagetsi kwa alternator yanu. Alternator yabwino iyenera kutulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi pafupifupi 14 volts. Ngati alternator yanu ikupanga mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ili yotsika kuposa iyi, ndi chizindikiro kuti sikugwira ntchito bwino.
Zomwe Zachitika Kale
Ngati mudakhalapo ndi zovuta ndi alternator yanu m'mbuyomu, pali mwayi woti zitha kulepheranso. Ndikofunikira kusunga alternator yanu ndikuwongolera zovuta zilizonse zikangowoneka kuti zitha kupewa zovuta zamtsogolo.
Magalimoto Amakono
Magalimoto amakono ali ndi zigawo zambiri zamagetsi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimafuna mphamvu zambiri. Ngati muli ndi galimoto yamakono, ndikofunikira kusamalira alternator yanu ndikuyiyang'ana pafupipafupi kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikuyenda bwino.
Njira Zolondola Zoyesera
Pongoganiza kuti muli ndi zida zolondola, pali njira zingapo zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuyesa alternator yanu. Mungagwiritse ntchito ma multimeter kuti muyese mphamvu yamagetsi, kapena mutha kutenga galimoto yanu kupita ku sitolo ndikuyesani kuti akuyeseni.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kulephera kwa Alternator
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa alternator, kuphatikiza:
- Malamba omasuka kapena otha
- Kutentha kwambiri
- Kulephera kwa gawo lamkati
- Kuchulutsa kapena kutsika kwa batri
Kufunika Kosamalira
Kusamalira alternator ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito moyenera komanso kupereka mphamvu zokwanira kumagetsi agalimoto yanu. Kusamalira nthawi zonse kungakuthandizeni kupewa kukonza zodula komanso kuti galimoto yanu isayende bwino.
Zoyenera Kuchita Mukawona Zizindikiro Izi
Ngati muwona zizindikiro zochenjeza za alternator yomwe ikulephera, m'pofunika kuthetsa vutoli mwamsanga. Kunyalanyaza zizindikiro izi kungayambitse mavuto aakulu kwambiri. Tengani galimoto yanu kumalo operekera chithandizo kuti mukayiwone bwino ndikuigwiritsa ntchito.
Kutsiliza
Choncho, muli nazo - alternator ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha mphamvu zamakina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi. Ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamakina amagetsi agalimoto, ndipo popanda iwo, simukanatha kuyambitsa galimoto yanu kapena kuwongolera zida zilizonse zamagetsi. Choncho, onetsetsani kuti mukudziwa momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe mungasamalire.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.
