Mapulani 7 Abwino Kwambiri Opangira matabwa

Wolemba Joost Nusselder | Kusinthidwa pa:  March 28, 2022
Ndimakonda kupanga zinthu zaulere zodzaza ndi malingaliro kwa owerenga anga, inunso. Sindimavomereza ndalama zolipiridwa, malingaliro anga ndi anga, koma mukawona malingaliro anga akuthandizani ndipo mumatha kugula china chake chomwe mumakonda kudzera paulalo mwanga, nditha kupeza ntchito popanda mtengo wowonjezera kwa inu. Dziwani zambiri

Ma block ndege ndi mtundu wa zida zamagetsi zomwe zimathandizira m'thumba zomwe zimafewetsa matabwa. Amapereka kusinthasintha kwa kumeta mbewu zomaliza pamakona osiyanasiyana. Ndikosavuta kukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna ndi ndege za block.

Amapangidwa makamaka ndi matabwa ndi zitsulo. Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ndikuti mutha kuwongolera nokha popanda zovuta. Ngakhale zipangizo zamagetsi zimawoneka zosavuta kugwira ntchito, ndege zabwino kwambiri zimakupatsirani kuwongolera koyenera komanso kulondola kwapadera ngati mutadula mitengo yamitengo.

Pali zosankha zambiri pamsika zomwe zilipo ngati mukufunafuna ndege ya block. Ngakhale pakati pawo, ambiri aiwo sangakupatseni chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri ngati mukukonzekera kusakanikirana ndi zapadera zanu posachedwa kukhala mwaluso.

Best-Block-Ndege

Zomwe muyenera kuziganizira ndizomwe zingakupatseni chitonthozo chachikulu, chophatikizika, ndikuwonetsetsa kuyenda kwachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, kuti tithetse mkangano wanu wopeza ndege yoyenera, taphatikiza zisanu ndi ziwiri zabwino kwambiri pakati pa zina zonse zomwe zikupezeka pamsika.

Mapulaneti 7 Apamwamba Abwino Kwambiri Opangira matabwa

Ngati mukudabwa pamene mukudutsa ndege zonse zomwe zili pamsika, mungasangalale kudziwa kuti tsopano mutha kusankha bwino chipika chanu chotsatira podutsa ndege zabwino kwambiri za midadada zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe tazikonza.

Stanley 12-220 Block Ndege

Stanley 12-220 Block Ndege

(onani zithunzi zambiri)

Ngati mumagwira ntchito ndi matabwa nthawi zambiri komanso kudziwa akalipentala ena omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi inu, muyenera kuti munamvapo za mankhwala a Stanley kamodzi kokha. Iwo ndi amodzi mwa eni ake a zida za premium carpeting.

Monga zida zina zonse zopangira carpeting, amaperekanso ndege zapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo 12-220 model ndi imodzi mwazolimba. Mukagwirizana nazo, titha kukutsimikizirani kuti simudzayang'ana ndege zina zilizonse kupatula izi.

Zimabwera ndi chodula chosinthika bwino. Ndi kusinthika uku, mutha kupeza ndendende kuya komwe mumakonda kwa kudula ndi kuyanika. Zimakupatsani ufulu wosinthira pamanja chodulira chomwe mungasinthe makulidwe ndi kusalala kwa shavings.

Wodulirayo amakhala pamakona a madigiri 21, ndipo mutha kudumphadumpha mosavuta. Simuyenera kudandaula za kusintha chipika chonse pamene mukuchoka ku mtundu umodzi wa nkhuni kupita ku ena. Mutha kukwera ndege kudzera mumbewu zopingasa momasuka.

Pansi pake ndi chitsulo chosungunula, chomwe chimalumikizana molunjika m'mbali ndi pansi. Mukhozanso kutsimikiziridwa za durability komanso. Imadzitamandira kukhazikika ndi kupaka epoxy. Mpumulo wa chala uli kutsogolo, zomwe zimatsimikizira chitonthozo chabwino komanso kuwongolera kolondola.

Zochitika Zowonekera

  • Zapangidwa kuti zipereke mabala osangalatsa komanso okhwima
  • Zokutidwa ndi epoxy zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti chipikacho chizikhala nthawi yayitali
  • Mbali zomangika
  • Chitsulo choponyera pansi chokhala ndi mbali zolondola
  • N'zogwirizana ndi mtanda grained matabwa
  • Kusinthika kosayerekezeka
  • Amapereka chitonthozo ndi kuwongolera kwapadera

Onani mitengo apa

Khosi Lalikulu 58452 3 Inchi Block Plane

Sheffield 58452 3 Inchi Block Plane

(onani zithunzi zambiri)

Ngati mukufuna ndege yaying'ono komanso yosunthika yomwe mutha kuyinyamula mosavuta m'thumba lanu, osayang'ananso kwina, Great Neck ikupereka ndege yaying'ono koma yamphamvu yomwe mutha kuchita ntchito zanu zonse zamatabwa momasuka.

Mutha kudabwa ndi kukula kwake mukangolandira. Koma tikhoza kukutsimikizirani kuti mudzadabwa mutagwiritsa ntchito.

The Great Neck 58452 ndi ndege yotchinga mainchesi atatu yomwe imadzitamandira ndi chitsulo cha S2. Ngakhale kukula kwake kuli kochepa, kumakhala kwa zaka zambiri ngati sikunagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika. Thupi limakhalanso lotenthedwa ndikuwumitsidwa kuti likhale ndi moyo wautali. Mutha kutsimikiziridwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali m'moyo wanu.

Zimapereka mwayi wochilumikiza mwamsanga. Imabwera ndi chamfered drive end, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi kuti mulumikize mwachangu komanso moyenera. Mutha kumaliza ntchito zanu zilizonse zamatabwa posakhalitsa chifukwa cha izi.

Amasewera thupi lakufa lomwe limatsimikizira kulimba. Chigawo chonsecho ndi mapangidwe awiri; izi zimawonjezera mphamvu kwambiri. Pamodzi ndi izi, mawonekedwe ozungulira a thupi amakulolani kuti mugwire bwino ndege yonseyo ndikugwira nawo ntchito yoyenda mokhazikika.

Zochitika Zowonekera

  • Thandizo lothandizira mowolowa manja chifukwa cha mapangidwe ozungulira
  • Chamfered drive end imatsimikizira kulumikizidwa mwachangu komanso kosavuta
  • Die-cast body imawonjezera kusavuta kugwiritsa ntchito
  • S-2 zitsulo zomangamanga
  • Mapangidwe amitundu iwiri amakulitsa moyo mpaka mulingo wina
  • Zowumitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa kuti zikhale zolimba

Onani mitengo apa

Stanley 12-920 6-1/4-Inch Contractor Grade Block Plane

Stanley 12-920 6-1/4-Inch Contractor Grade Block Plane

(onani zithunzi zambiri)

Stanley ali ndi ndege zambiri zabwino zomwe amapereka kwa akalipentala omwe akufuna kuti ntchito yawo ichitike popanda vuto lililonse. Stanley 12-920 ndi imodzi mwazopereka zoyamikirika pakati pa zosankha zina zonse zomwe zingagwirizane ndi chikhumbo chimenecho.

Pokhala ndi makina otsekera a cam lock, mutha kuchotsa masamba mosavutikira popita. Mphepete mwake ndi yakuthwa kotero kuti mutha kudutsamo zinthu zatirigu momasuka.

Monga dzina limanenera, ndege yotchinga imakhala yayitali pa 6-1 / 4 inchi ndipo imabwera ndi chodula 1-5/8-inch. Wodulayo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo simudzadandaula za kulimba kwake.

Ma block block amasewera otsika 13-1 / 2 angle cutter omwe amatsimikizira kugwedezeka pang'ono. Mudzatha kumaliza modabwitsa mutamaliza kubzala mbewu.

Wodulayo amakhala pansi pa madigiri 21 ndipo amatha kusintha. Muli ndi ufulu wonse wosintha popita momasuka. Mudzapeza kuwongolera kolondola komanso kuwongolera kuya kwakuya.

Zimabwera ndi maziko achitsulo otuwa omwe amakhala ndi mbali zolondola komanso pansi. Pansi pake n'zogwirizana ndi zonse mapeto mbewu ndi pulasitiki zipangizo.

Kugwira chipikacho ndikungoyenda mu paki, kugwirizira chala m'mbali kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito izi ndi dzanja limodzi. Thupi liri ndi zokutira za epoxy zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kutenthetsa kwachitsulo cholimba cha unit kumapereka kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri. 

Zochitika Zowonekera

  • Chodula chosinthika kwambiri
  • Makina otsekera a cam otulutsa mwachangu kuti muchotse masamba mosavuta
  • Zokutidwa ndi epoxy zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti chipikacho chizikhala nthawi yayitali
  • Chitsulo choponyera pansi chokhala ndi mbali zolondola
  • Amapereka chitonthozo ndi chithandizo chodabwitsa
  • Kumanga thupi lofunika kwambiri lomwe ndi lolimba kwambiri

Onani mitengo apa

SENKICHI Kanna 65mm Japanese Wood Block Plane Carpenter's Chida

SENKICHI Kanna 65mm Japanese Wood Block Plane Carpenter's Chida

(onani zithunzi zambiri)

Ngati muli kumsika mukuyang'ana chida changwiro chomwe chili chabwino pochepetsa makulidwe a nkhuni komanso nthawi yomweyo ndi yabwino kwambiri yosalala, mwina mwapunthwa pa chida choyenera kukwaniritsa zokhumba zanu zonse.

SENKICHI Kanna 65 mm ndi ndege yopangidwa ndi Japan. Zimabwera limodzi ndi thupi lalitali lolimba la mtengo wa oak ndi zolinga za oyamba kumene kuti akhazikitsidwe mwachangu.

Miyezo ya thupi ndi 68 x 80 x 275 millimeters, ndipo tsamba ili pa 65 millimeters imatha kumeta mabala owonda kwambiri. Chigawo chonsecho ndi chophatikizika komanso chokomera mthumba. Itha kukhala yaying'ono, koma musalole kukula kwake kukupusitseni, imagwira ntchito bwino.

Mapeto omwe mudzatha kukwaniritsa mutagwiritsa ntchito izi ku nkhuni zambewu ndizosangalatsa. Zimakupatsani mawonekedwe osalala komanso magalasi owoneka kumapeto. Mudzatha kubisa zonyansa macheka a manja zizindikiro bwino.

Thupi silikhala lolimba kuposa zitsulo zampikisano zomwe zimapezeka pamsika, thupi la Oak nkhuni zonse zolimba komanso zolimba, zomwe zitha zaka ngati sizikuzunzidwa. Imakhalanso ndi blade deep adjustability mechanism. Makinawa amakulolani kuti musinthe ngodya ya tsamba pa ntchentche.

Zochitika Zowonekera

  • Choyamba kupanga
  • Thupi laling'ono komanso lonyamula
  • Kusintha kwakuya kwa tsamba
  • Chokhalitsa komanso chokhalitsa
  • Ntchito yosavuta
  • Woyamba-wochezeka

Onani mitengo apa

No.60.1/2 Block Plane + Pouch

No.60.1/2 Block Plane + Pouch

(onani zithunzi zambiri)

Ndege yabwino kwambiri yotsika pang'ono imatha kupangitsa kumeta matabwa kukhala ngati kumeta batala kuchokera pa bala, ndipo a Stanley abwereranso, akupereka ndege yamtengo wapatali kuti igwirizane ndi zomwe kalipentala aliyense payekhapayekha.

Ndi kapangidwe ka thupi ndi chitsulo chowonjezera cha 1/8 mainchesi A2, gawoli limapereka kusungirako kwapamwamba kwambiri. Osanenapo kuti chipika chonsecho ndi cholimba komanso chokhazikika, monganso ndege ina iliyonse yomwe Stanley amapereka.

Kufuna ndege yotchinga yomwe imatha kudutsa mbewu zonse zam'mbuyo ndi mapulasitiki apulasitiki sizovuta kufunsa ndi gawoli. Ikhoza kudutsa zonse ziwiri popanda khama.

Tsamba locheka limakhazikika pakona yotsika ya madigiri 12. Mutha kuyika mbewuyo ndi dzanja limodzi pamphepo yamkuntho. Amaperekanso kusinthasintha kwa kusintha kusinthasintha ndi kukula kwa pakamwa.

Imabwera ndi chosinthira chamtundu wa Norris, chomwe chimakhala ndi kutsekeka kotsatira. Mutha kusintha kuya kwa tsambalo mosavuta, ndipo limakhala pamenepo mukamagwira ntchito. Komanso masewera olimba mkuwa hardware kwa yosalala ndi kothandiza kusintha.

Pansi pake ndi chitsulo chonyezimira chomwe chimayamikiridwa ndi ductile yolondola kwambiri, yomwe imapereka kulondola kwambiri. Ndi zokutira za epoxy, kulimba kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi notch. Chotchingacho ndi chonyamula kwambiri, chifukwa chimangotalika mainchesi 6. Mawonekedwe ake ndi a ergonomic komanso omasuka kugwira. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito yokhayokha momasuka.

Zochitika Zowonekera

  • Low angle cutter
  • Kuzama, kuyanjanitsa, ndi kukula kwa zosintha pakamwa
  • Kusungidwa bwino m'mphepete
  • Precision-ground ductile cast iron base for kulondola kokwanira
  • Lateral locking mechanism
  • Zamangidwa kuti zitheke

Onani mitengo apa

WoodRiver Low Angle Block Plane yokhala ndi Adjustable Mouth

WoodRiver Low Angle Block Plane yokhala ndi Adjustable Mouth

(onani zithunzi zambiri)

Mukufuna kupita kumalo okumbukira? Mukufuna kugwira ntchito ndi chinthu chomwe chimabweretsa chisangalalo? Okonda mapangidwe akale akale? Osayang'ananso kwina. WoodRiver Low Angle Block Plane ikwaniritsa zonse zomwe tafotokozazi.

Chowunikira kwambiri pa ndegeyi ndi kapangidwe kake kakale, kamangidwe kamene kamakonda kwambiri chrome-plated knuckle cap. Kapangidwe kameneka kakhala kokondedwa ndi anthu ambiri m’mbuyomu ndipo ndi amene mmisiri aliyense waluso amasankha.

Koma mawonekedwe apamwamba okhawo sangakhale okwanira kuti mugule, sichoncho? Pamodzi ndi mapangidwe akale, magwiridwe antchito ali ngati zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera ku ndege zina zabwino za block.

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, chipikacho chimabwera ndi pakamwa chosinthika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino izi poyendetsa pakamwa pakuchita maopaleshoni ambiri. The adjustability knob imakhalanso yosalala komanso yamadzimadzi. Zopangira zitsulo zochepetsera kupsinjika ndizopangidwa mwaluso, zosalala, komanso masikweya.

Mbali ya bedi ya unityo ndi madigiri 12, yomwe mungathe kugwira ntchito ndi chipikacho bwino. Tsambalo limakhazikika pamakona a madigiri 25, omwenso ndi chida cha carbon chapamwamba kwambiri.

Chophimbacho chimakhala ndi mainchesi 7 ndipo ndi mainchesi 2 m'lifupi. Tsambali lilinso lakuthwa kwambiri kunja kwa bokosi. Simuyenera kudandaula za durability komanso. Chigawo chonsecho ndi cholimba ndipo chidzakhalitsa ngati mutachigwiritsa ntchito bwino.

Zochitika Zowonekera

  • Kalasi yodziwika bwino nthawi zonse
  • Chipewa cha lever ya Knuckle
  • Zimatha
  • Chida chapamwamba kwambiri, chakuthwa kwa kaboni
  • Kusunga m'mphepete mwapadera
  • Mkamwa wosinthika

Onani mitengo apa

Bench Dog Zida No. 60-1 / 2 Block Ndege

7.-Bench-Dog-Tools-No.-60-12-Block-Plane

(onani zithunzi zambiri)

Ndege yomaliza koma yocheperako kwambiri kuchokera ku ndege zomwe tikulimbikitsidwa ndi agalu a bench No.

Mbali yogona ya chipikacho imakhazikika pachimake, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala koyenera kudulira ndikusintha mita. Mukhozanso kupanga zolumikizira ndi zitseko zoyenerera pamodzi ndi zotengera komanso.

The block ndege ndi ductile cast iron, zomwe zimatsimikizira mphamvu zapadera komanso kulimba. Kukana kukhudzidwa nakonso kumakhala kolimba. Chigawo chonsecho ndi chidutswa chimodzi, ndipo tsambalo ndi lachitsulo chokhuthala 1/8-inch. Agalu a benchi amatsimikizira kuchotsedwa kwa macheza amtundu.

Monga pakamwa pamakhala chosinthika, mutha kuyisintha mwachangu pamayendedwe amtundu uliwonse. Mukhozanso kuchepetsa kutseguka kwa tsamba kuti muchepetse kung'ambika kwa ma shavings. Imakhalanso ndi zosintha zakuya zosavuta komanso kusintha kwa lateral blade.

Mutha kuyembekezera kugwira bwino ntchito ngati zipewa ndi ulusi zimakhala zachitsulo cholimba chamkuwa. Kulekerera kwa ndege ndi mbali ndizosiyana kwambiri. Tsamba ndi lokhalo zonse zimayikidwa ndi mafuta oteteza.

Zimafunika kukhazikitsidwa kochepa ndipo ndikukonzekera kuchitapo kanthu kuchokera mubokosilo. Ndege iliyonse imabwera ndi sock ndi kesi kuti muthandizire.

Zochitika Zowonekera

  • Thupi la ductile cast iron
  • Chokhazikika komanso chosamva kukhudzidwa
  • Kutsegula pakamwa kosinthika kuti muzitha kusinthasintha
  • Kuzama kwa kudula ndi kusintha kwa tsamba lakumbuyo
  • Zovala zachitsulo zolimba zamkuwa ndi ulusi
  • Tsambali silingaphwanyike
  • Chitetezo cha mafuta

Onani mitengo apa

Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Mukasankha Gulu Labwino Kwambiri la Block

Ndemanga-Yabwino Kwambiri-Ndege-Ndege

Pakalipano, mwinamwake mukudziwa zambiri za ndege za block, ndi ntchito yomwe amafunikira. Komabe, mwachidule, pambuyo pa mphero ya nkhuni, pamakhala zizindikiro zambiri za makina okhwima, ndipo pamwamba pake imasiyidwanso yaggy.

Choncho, kuchotsa zizindikiro zamakina, pamwamba pake amawongolera ndi ndege yotchinga. Mukhozanso kukonza ngodya za m'mphepete pogwiritsa ntchito ndege za block.

Kubwereranso pamutuwu, ngati muli pamsika kufunafuna ndege yotchinga, izi ndi zinthu zomwe tinganene kuti ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.

Best-Block-Planes-Buying-guide

Mtundu wa Block Ndege

Nthawi zambiri, ndege zotchinga zomwe zilipo panopo zimagwera m'mitundu iwiri yosiyana. Otsika ngodya ndi muyezo.

  • Malo Otsika

Ndege zotsika zotsika zimakhala ndi madigiri 25, koma kusiyana kumakhala pakona ya bedi, yomwe imakhala pamtunda wa madigiri 12. Kutalika konse kumafika madigiri 37. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimalekanitsa ndege yotsika pang'ono kuchokera kuzinthu zokhazikika ndikuti mudzatha kumeta nkhuni zambiri pamtunda kusiyana ndi zomwe zilipo.

Iwo ndi abwino kugwira ntchito ndi mbewu zolimba, koma zimafuna kuti mukhale osamala komanso olondola pa dzanja lanu.

  • Standard

Ndege yokhazikika, komano, imayika tsambalo pamakona a madigiri 20. Mphepete yakuthwa ya tsamba nthawi zambiri imakhala madigiri 25, mgwirizano wonsewo ndi madigiri 45. Ndege yamtundu wotereyi ndiyosavuta kuwongolera ndikudula matabwa pang'ono panjira iliyonse.

Komabe, zokhazikika sizokwanira. M’malo mwake, angatchedwe okhululuka. Ndiko kuti muyenera kudutsa kangapo pa malo amodzi.

Quality

Ndege zotchinga nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamatabwa kapena zitsulo. Ambiri mwa akalipentala akale amapita ku thupi lamatabwa chifukwa chozolowera kumaliza kwa thupi komanso chifukwa cha nostalgic factor. Amakhala osangalatsa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mapangidwe apamwamba a retro omwe akalipentala onse amakonda.

Komabe, matabwawo samapereka mphamvu zambiri ngati zitsulo. Koma zamatabwa zolimba kapena zolimba zimangowonongeka zikapangidwa ndi ndege zamatabwa. Komanso, simudzameta nkhuni zolimba popanda zida zamagetsi poyamba.

Kumbali ina, ndege zomwe zimakhala zachitsulo zidzapereka kulimba kwambiri kuposa zamatabwa, ndizotsimikizika. Komabe, sizitsulo zonse zomwe zimakhala zofanana. Komanso, aliyense midadada zitsulo anamanga m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuchita kafukufuku musanasankhe ndege yotchinga.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Q: Chida chamagetsi kapena ndege yotchinga?

Yankho: Zida zamagetsi zimapangitsa chilichonse kukhala chosavuta, koma kuwongolera ndi kulondola komwe mungapeze kuchokera ku ndege zotchinga ndizosamveka.

Q: Kodi ndisankhe ndege yanji?

Yankho: Zonse zimadalira inu. Ngati ndinu ongoyamba kumene, muyenera kusankha yokhazikika chifukwa ndi okhululuka kwambiri ndipo amakonda kwambiri oyamba kumene.

Koma ngati muli ndi chidziwitso chokwanira pa carpeting ndikukhala ndi ulamuliro wokwanira pa manja anu. Mukhoza kupita bwinobwino kwa otsika angled.

Q: Zamatabwa kapena zachitsulo?

Yankho: Mitengo yamatabwa imakhala yokongola kwambiri, chifukwa chake amasankhidwa pazitsulo nthawi zambiri.

Komabe, ngati kukhazikika kuli kodetsa nkhawa ndipo ngati mukuganiza kuti ndinu osokonekera pang'ono, muyenera kupita kuzitsulo popanda malingaliro achiwiri.

Q: Ndikwere ndege yanji?

Yankho: Opanga osiyanasiyana amapereka mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya ndege zotchinga, zomwe aliyense ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Chifukwa chake, sankhani yomwe ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zanu zonse.

Q: Koma bwanji za zitsimikizo?

Yankho: Kupanga kulikonse kumapereka chitsimikizo chosiyana ndi mfundo zobwezera. Muyenera kuyang'ana yomwe mukupita nokha.

Maganizo Final

Kuti tichite zonse, ndege zotchinga zimapereka kusinthasintha komanso kulondola pazida zamagetsi ndikuwongolera kuwongolera ndege kumakupatsani mathero omwe amatha kumenya zida zilizonse zamagetsi.

Pamene mukuyang'ana ndege yopangira matabwa kuti mugwire ntchito yanu yamatabwa, yang'anani yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zonse zomwe muli nazo pamodzi ndi yomwe mumamasuka nayo.

Tasankha ndege zisanu ndi ziwiri zopambana kwambiri pano, kuti musalakwitse kutenga iliyonse yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ndi yoyenera pamayendedwe anu. Tikukufunirani zabwino zonse ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti ma projekiti anu onse asintha kukhala mbambande.

Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.