Fiberglass: Kalozera Wathunthu wa Mbiri Yake, Mafomu, ndi Ntchito

Fiberglass (kapena fiberglass) ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki wolimbitsa ulusi pomwe ulusi wolimbikitsira umakhala makamaka. galasi fiber. Ulusi wagalasi ukhoza kukonzedwa mwachisawawa koma nthawi zambiri amalukidwa pamphasa.

Matrix apulasitiki amatha kukhala pulasitiki yotentha- nthawi zambiri epoxy, polyester resin- kapena vinylester, kapena thermoplastic. Magalasi amapangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalasi kutengera momwe magalasi amagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Kuthyola Fiberglass: Ins and Outs of This Common Type of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic

Fiberglass, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti fiberglass, ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki wokhala ndi ulusi womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wagalasi. Ulusi umenewu ukhoza kukonzedwa mwachisawawa, kuphwanyidwa kukhala pepala lotchedwa chopped strand mat, kapena kulukidwa munsalu yagalasi.

Kodi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Fiberglass Ndi Chiyani?

Monga tanenera kale, magalasi a fiberglass amatha kukhala ngati ulusi wopangidwa mwachisawawa, mphasa wodulidwa, kapena wolukidwa munsalu yagalasi. Nazi zambiri pang'ono pa chilichonse:

• Ulusi wosanjidwa mwachisawawa: Ulusiwu nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito potsekereza ndi ntchito zina pomwe pamafunika kusinthasintha kwakukulu.
• Chopped strand mat: Ichi ndi pepala la fiberglass lomwe laphwanyidwa ndikukanikizidwa. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga mabwato ndi ntchito zina pomwe malo osalala amafunikira.
• Nsalu yagalasi yolukidwa: Iyi ndi nsalu yopangidwa kuchokera ku ulusi wa fiberglass womwe walukidwa pamodzi. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu zambiri zimafunikira.

Kodi Zina Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito pa Fiberglass ndi ziti?

Fiberglass imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

• Kumanga bwato
• Magalimoto
• Zida zakuthambo
• Mitundu yamagetsi yamagetsi
• Insulation ya nyumba
• Maiwe osambira ndi machubu otentha
• Ma surfboards ndi zida zina zamasewera am'madzi

Kodi Kusiyana Pakati pa Carbon Fiber ndi Fiberglass ndi Chiyani?

Mpweya wa carbon ndi fiberglass ndi mitundu yonse ya pulasitiki yowonjezeredwa ndi fiber, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi:

• Ulusi wa kaboni ndi wamphamvu komanso wolimba kuposa magalasi a fiberglass, komanso ndi okwera mtengo.
• Fiberglass ndi yosinthika kwambiri kuposa kaboni fiber, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwinoko pamagwiritsidwe ntchito pomwe kusinthasintha kwina kumafunika.

Kodi Fiberglass Imasinthidwa Bwanji?

Fiberglass imatha kubwezeretsedwanso, koma njirayi ndi yovuta kuposa kukonzanso zinthu zina monga aluminiyamu kapena pepala. Nazi njira zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kupera: Fiberglass imatha kupukutidwa kukhala tiziduswa tating'onoting'ono ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodzaza muzinthu zina.
• Pyrolysis: Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenthetsa galasi la fiberglass kutentha kwambiri popanda mpweya. Mipweya yotulukayo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta, ndipo zotsalirazo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati a filler material (umu ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zodzaza).
• Makina obwezeretsanso: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuphwanya magalasi a fiberglass m'zigawo zake ndikuzigwiritsanso ntchito kupanga zatsopano.

Mbiri Yosangalatsa ya Fiberglass

• Fiberglass inapezedwa chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 19 mwangozi pamene wofufuza wina wa pa Corning Glass Works anatayira galasi losungunuka pa chitofu ndipo anaona kuti inapanga ulusi woonda pamene inazirala.

• Wofufuzayo, Dale Kleist, adapanga njira yopangira ulusiwu ndipo kampaniyo idawagulitsa ngati njira ina ya asibesitosi.

Kutsatsa kwa Fiberglass

• Panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, magalasi a fiberglass ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondo monga ma radom ndi mbali za ndege.

• Nkhondo itatha, magalasi opangidwa ndi fiberglass ankagulitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zipinda za ngalawa, ndodo za usodzi, ndi magalimoto.

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• Kutchinjiriza kwa fiberglass kudapangidwa m'ma 1930s ndipo mwachangu kudakhala chisankho chodziwika bwino pakuyika nyumba ndi nyumba.

• Ikugwiritsidwabe ntchito kwambiri masiku ano ndipo imapezeka m’madera osiyanasiyana a envulopu yomangira nyumbayo, kuphatikizapo makoma, madenga, ndi m’mwamba.

• Kusungunula magalasi a fiberglass ndikothandiza pochepetsa kutayika kwa kutentha komanso kufalitsa phokoso.

Fiberglass ndi chinthu choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa cha kupepuka kwake, kulimba kwake, komanso kukana madzi ndi mankhwala. Nazi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamitundu ya fiberglass:

• Zomangamanga: Fiberglass imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga chifukwa champhamvu zake zotchingira komanso kutha kuteteza madzi kuti asawonongeke.

• Zotengera: Zotengera za fiberglass ndizodziwika bwino pamsika wazakudya, chifukwa zimapereka chitetezo komanso kusungirako zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chakudya.

• Kumanga Boti: Fiberglass ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino chopangira mabwato, chifukwa chopepuka komanso kulimba kwake.

• Zophimba: Zovala za fiberglass zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yomanga kuti ateteze zida zodzitchinjiriza ku zinthu.

• Zida Zopangidwa: Fiberglass ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chopangira zida zowumbidwa, chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kutenga mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.

Kupanga Zogulitsa za Fiberglass: Njira Yopangira

Kuti apange magalasi a fiberglass, kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zopangira monga silika, mchenga, miyala ya laimu, dongo la kaolin, ndi dothi la dolomite amasungunuka m'ng'anjo mpaka afika posungunuka. Galasi losungunukalo limatuluka kudzera m'mabulashi ting'onoting'ono kapena ma spinnerets kuti apange tinthu tating'onoting'ono totchedwa filaments. Ulusi umenewu amalukidwa pamodzi kuti apange nsalu yofanana ndi nsalu yomwe imatha kupangidwa mumpangidwe uliwonse wofuna.

Kuwonjezera Resins

Kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito komanso kulimba kwa magalasi a fiberglass, zida zowonjezera monga utomoni zimawonjezeredwa panthawi yopanga. Utoto umenewu umasakanizidwa ndi ulusi wolukidwawo n’kuumbidwa m’njira imene mukufuna. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa resins kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu zowonjezera ziwonjezeke, kusinthasintha, ndi kukana nyengo ndi zinthu zina zakunja.

Njira Zapamwamba Zopangira

Ndi njira zapamwamba zopangira, magalasi a fiberglass amatha kupangidwa kuti akhale owoneka bwino, kuti akhale abwino popanga zinthu zatsopano. Kugwiritsa ntchito mateti a fiberglass kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zinthu zopepuka komanso zolimba zomwe zingagwirizane ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Njira yopangira ikhoza kudulidwa kuti igwirizane ndi mawonekedwe ofunidwa ndi kukula kwa mankhwala, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino m'malo mwa zipangizo zomwe zilipo.

Kusiyanasiyana kwa Fiberglass Applications

Fiberglass ndi chinthu chopepuka komanso cholimba chomwe chadziwika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera. Amakhala ndi ulusi wamagalasi omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi polima kuti apange zinthu zolimba komanso zosunthika zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.

Mpweya wa Carbon ndi Pulasitiki Wolimbitsa Magalasi vs Fiberglass: Nkhondo ya Fibers

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi matanthauzo ena. Fiberglass ndi chinthu chophatikizika chopangidwa ndi ulusi wamagalasi abwino kwambiri komanso maziko a polima, pomwe kaboni fiber ndi chinthu chophatikizika chopangidwa ndi ulusi wa kaboni ndi polima. Pulasitiki yolimbidwa ndi galasi (GRP) kapena pulasitiki ya fiberglass-reinforced (FRP) ndi chinthu chophatikizika chopangidwa ndi matrix a polima olimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi. Zonse ziwiri za carbon fiber ndi magalasi opangidwa ndi magalasi ndi ma composites, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amapangidwa pophatikiza zipangizo ziwiri kapena zingapo zosiyana kuti apange chinthu chatsopano chokhala ndi makina apamwamba kwambiri.

Mphamvu ndi Kulemera kwake

Pankhani ya mphamvu, kaboni fiber imakhala ndi mphamvu yolemera pafupifupi kawiri kuposa ya fiberglass. Mafakitale a carbon fiber ndi opitilira 20 peresenti yamphamvu kuposa magalasi abwino kwambiri a fiberglass, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolamulira m'mafakitale omwe mphamvu ndi kulemera ndizofunikira kwambiri. Komabe, magalasi a fiberglass akadali odziwika bwino pamapulogalamu omwe mtengo ndiwodetsa nkhawa kwambiri.

Kupanga ndi Kulimbikitsa

Njira yopangira mpweya wa kaboni imaphatikizapo kusungunuka ndi kupota zinthu zokhala ndi mpweya wa carbon mu ulusi, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi polima yamadzimadzi kuti zitheke kupanga zopangira. Kumbali ina, magalasi a fiberglass amapangidwa ndi kuluka kapena kuyala mateti agalasi kapena nsalu mu nkhungu ndiyeno kuwonjezera polima wamadzimadzi kuti awumitse zinthuzo. Zipangizo zonse ziwiri zimatha kulimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wowonjezera kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu komanso kulimba.

Kusinthana ndi Katundu

Ngakhale magalasi a carbon ndi fiberglass amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana, amakhala ndi makina osiyanasiyana. Ulusi wa kaboni ndi wouma komanso wamphamvu kuposa magalasi a fiberglass, koma umakhala wofewa komanso wokwera mtengo. Fiberglass, kumbali ina, imakhala yosinthasintha komanso yotsika mtengo kuposa mpweya wa carbon, koma si yolimba kwambiri. Mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi galasi amagwera penapake pakati pa ziwirizo malinga ndi mphamvu ndi mtengo.

Recycling Fiberglass: Njira Yobiriwira Pazosowa Zolimba

Fiberglass ndi chinthu cholimba komanso cholimba chomwe chimatha kupirira kutentha, madzi, ndi mankhwala. Ndi chisankho chodziwika bwino cha kutchinjiriza, mabwato, magalimoto, ndi zomangamanga. Komabe, zikafika pakutaya magalasi akale a fiberglass, sizophweka. Fiberglass imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi ulusi wagalasi, zomwe sizingawonongeke. Ngati sichisamalidwa bwino, imatha kutulutsa poizoni m'malo komanso kuwononga nyama zakuthengo ndi anthu.

Njira Yobwezeretsanso Fiberglass

Kubwezeretsanso fiberglass kumatenga njira yapadera yotchedwa thermal recycling. Fiberglass imatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumasintha zinthu zomwe zili mupulasitiki kukhala gasi. Mpweya umenewu umasonkhanitsidwa ndikuyengedwa kuti utulutse gasi ndi mafuta. Mpweyawu ndi wofanana ndi wachilengedwe ndipo ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta. Mafutawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa mafuta osakhazikika pazinthu zina.

The Useable End Product

Magalasi a fiberglass obwezerezedwanso atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati m'malo mwa fiberglass yatsopano pamapulogalamu ambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga mabwato, magalimoto, ndi nyumba. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito potsekereza, makoma a nyanja, ndi zosowa zina zapadera. Magalasi a fiberglass obwezerezedwanso ndi olimba komanso olimba, monga magalasi atsopano a fiberglass, komanso ndi obiriwira komanso okhazikika.

Kufuna Mapaundi Mabiliyoni

Malinga ndi tsamba la Fiberglass Recycling, opanga ku North America ndi ku Canada malo osinthira ndi malo obwezeretsanso amavomereza magalasi a fiberglass, kuphatikiza mabwato akale, magalimoto, ndi styrofoam. Webusaitiyi imati amakonzanso magalasi opitilira biliyoni biliyoni chaka chilichonse. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa zinyalala komanso kuteteza chilengedwe.

Kutsiliza

Choncho, fiberglass ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi galasi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ndi yamphamvu, yopepuka komanso yosamva madzi, ndipo yakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Ine ndikuyembekeza inu tsopano mukudziwa pang'ono zambiri za izo.

Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.