Flux ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kupsinjika kwazitsulo kuti zithandizire pakuwotchera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zonse ndi solder kuti achotse ma oxides ndi zonyansa pamalopo kuti apange malo onyowa mofanana.
M'nkhaniyi, ndifotokoza chomwe flux ndi, momwe imagwirira ntchito, komanso chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti pakhale soldering yabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikugawana mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ilipo.
Mu positi iyi tikambirana:
Flux: Mphamvu Yodabwitsa Yomwe Imapangitsa Kuwotchera Kutheka
Flux ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zachitsulo musanagulitsidwe kuti zithandize solder kuyenda ndi kugwirizana bwino. Ndilo gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwotchera, chifukwa limathandiza kuchotsa zigawo zilizonse za oxide zomwe zingakhalepo pamwamba pazitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti solder kumamatira kuchitsulo.
Kodi Flux Imagwira Ntchito Motani?
Flux imagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa solder, kulola kuti iziyenda mosavuta komanso mofanana pamwamba pazitsulo. Zimathandizanso kupewa oxidation popanga chotchinga pakati pa chitsulo ndi mpweya.
Mitundu ya Flux
Pali mitundu ingapo yosiyanasiyana ya flux yomwe ilipo, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso ntchito zake. Zina mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi izi:
- Rosin flux: Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa kusinthasintha ndipo umapangidwa kuchokera ku utomoni wamitengo ya paini. Ndi njira yabwino yopangira zonse yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino pamapulogalamu ambiri a soldering.
- Kusungunuka kwamadzi: Kuthamanga kwamtunduwu ndikosavuta kuyeretsa ndi madzi ndipo nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zamagetsi.
- No-clean flux: Mtundu woterewu umasiya zotsalira zazing'ono ndipo ndi zabwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe kuyeretsa kumakhala kovuta kapena kosatheka.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Mukufunikira Flux?
Flux ndiyofunikira kuti ipangike bwino chifukwa imathandizira kutsimikizira mgwirizano wamphamvu, wodalirika pakati pa zitsulo zomwe zikuphatikizidwa. Popanda kusinthasintha, solder singayende bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mgwirizano wofooka kapena wosadalirika.
Kodi Flux Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito Motani?
Flux itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zingapo, kutengera mtundu wa flux ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Njira zina zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
- Kutsuka: Flux ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yaying'ono kapena kupaka utoto.
- Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa: Mitundu ina ya flux imatha kupopera pamwamba pazitsulo.
- Kuviika: Chitsulocho chimatha kumizidwa mumtsuko wa flux.
Zolakwitsa Zomwe Mumagwiritsa Ntchito Flux
Ngakhale flux ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwotchera, ndikosavuta kulakwitsa mukamagwiritsa ntchito. Zolakwa zina zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi izi:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito flux mochulukira: Izi zitha kubweretsa chisokonezo, chovuta kuyeretsa.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wolakwika wa kusinthasintha: Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wolakwika wa flux kumatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale mgwirizano wofooka kapena wosadalirika.
- Osayeretsa zotsalira za flux: Zotsalira za Flux zitha kukhala zowononga ndipo zimatha kuwononga cholumikizira pakapita nthawi ngati sichikutsukidwa bwino.
Kumvetsetsa Terminology of Flux
Flux ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma electromagnetism, transport, ndi calculus. Mawu akuti "flux" amachokera ku liwu lachilatini "fluxus," kutanthauza "kuyenda". Mu fizikisi, flux ndi gawo la vector lomwe limafotokozera kusamutsidwa kwa kuchuluka kudzera pamwamba. Lingaliro la kusinthasintha ndilofunikira pakuwunika machitidwe ambiri akuthupi, ndipo lathandizira kukulitsa malingaliro akulu mu physics.
Kusiyana Kwakukulu mu Tanthauzo la Flux
Kutanthauzira kwa flux kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera gawo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nazi zina mwazosiyana zazikulu pakutanthauzira kwa flux:
- Mu electromagnetism, flux imatanthawuza kuphatikizika kwa mphamvu ya maginito pamwamba. Izi zimatanthauzidwa ndi chiphunzitso cha Maxwell cha electromagnetism.
- Mu zoyendera, flux imatanthawuza kusamutsidwa kwa kuchuluka, monga kulemera kapena mphamvu, kudzera pamwamba. Izi zimatanthauzidwa ndi kachulukidwe kofananira.
- Mu calculus, flux imatengera lingaliro la chotengera ndipo imatanthawuza kusintha kwa kuchuluka kupyola pamwamba. Izi zimatanthauzidwa ndi gradient ya ntchitoyo.
Kupereka kwa Seminal kwa James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell anali katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo waku Scotland yemwe adaperekapo gawo pa gawo la electromagnetism. M'mawu ake "A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field," adatanthauzira lingaliro la kusinthasintha ndi mawu opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi mphamvu ya maginito pamwamba. Ntchito yake inayala maziko a chiphunzitso chamakono cha electromagnetic.
Matanthauzo Osemphana ndi Kusinthana kwa Migwirizano
Tanthauzo la flux likhoza kukhala lotsutsana ndi kusinthasintha malingana ndi gawo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo osagwirizana ndiukadaulo, mawu akuti "flux" ndi "flow" nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana pofotokoza zochitika zenizeni. Komabe, muzochitika zamakono, mawuwa ali ndi matanthauzo osiyana ndipo sangagwiritsidwe ntchito mosiyana.
Kuphatikiza kwa Flux mu Calculus
Mu calculus, flux imaphatikizidwa pamwamba kuti itulutse mawu akusintha kwa kuchuluka. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo yoyambira ya calculus, yomwe imanena kuti chophatikizika cha ntchito ndi chofanana ndi kusiyana pakati pa zikhalidwe za ntchitoyo pamapeto a kuphatikiza. Kuphatikiza kwa flux ndi lingaliro lofunikira mu calculus ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza mphamvu zamadzimadzi komanso kusamutsa kutentha.
Flux: Chinsinsi Chopangira Kuwotchera Wangwiro
Flux ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito powotchera kulimbikitsa kunyowetsa zitsulo ndi solder wosungunuka. Zimathandiza kupewa mapangidwe a oxides pamwamba pa zitsulo, zomwe zingalepheretse kutuluka kwa solder ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale kusagwirizana pakati pa solder ndi zitsulo. Flux imatetezanso zitsulo zowonekera kuchokera ku mpweya, zomwe zingayambitse kupanga mafilimu a oxide, kusintha pamwamba ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kugulitsa.
Cholinga cha Flux mu Soldering
Cholinga cha flux mu soldering ndikuthandizira kupanga malo osakanikirana mofanana pakati pa solder ndi zitsulo zomwe zikuphatikizidwa. Flux imathandiza kuyeretsa pamwamba pazitsulo, kuchotsa ma oxides kapena zonyansa zina zomwe zingalepheretse solder kuti asamamatire bwino. Zimalimbikitsanso kutuluka kwa solder mwa kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwapamwamba kwa solder yosungunuka, kuti ifalikire mosavuta komanso mofanana pazitsulo zazitsulo.
Kusankha Mtundu Woyenera wa Flux pa Njira Yanu Yowotchera
Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu woyenera wa flux ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti zida zanu zamagetsi zikuyenda bwino. Nazi zifukwa zina:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wolakwika wa flux kungayambitse kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa soldering komanso kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zanu.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu woyenera wa flux kumatha kukulitsa moyo wa zigawo zanu ndikuletsa kufunikira kokonzanso kokwera mtengo.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu woyenera wa flux kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yanu ya soldering yatha bwino komanso moyenera.
Kuyeretsa Zotsalira za Flux kuchokera ku Zamagetsi
Mukamaliza kugulitsa zida zanu zamagetsi, mutha kuwona kuti pali kuchulukira kochulukirapo komwe kwatsala pa bolodi. Kusiya zotsalirazi pa bolodi kungayambitse mavuto a magetsi komanso mafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa zotsalira za PCB yanu kuti musinthe mtundu wonse wazinthu zanu.
Kutsiliza
Chifukwa chake, muli nacho-chidule chachidule cha kusinthasintha komanso chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kwambiri mukamagulitsa. Flux imathandizira kuchotsa zigawo za oxide muzitsulo ndikupanga solder kuyenda mosavuta. Ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga soldering ndikukuthandizani kuti ntchitoyo ichitike bwino. Choncho, musaiwale kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi ina pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi zitsulo.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.
