Batri ya lithiamu-ion (nthawi zina Li-ion batri kapena LIB) ndi membala wa banja la mitundu ya batri yowonjezereka momwe ma lithiamu ion amasuntha kuchoka ku electrode yolakwika kupita ku electrode yabwino panthawi yotulutsa ndi kubwerera pamene akuyitanitsa.
Mabatire a Li-ion amagwiritsa ntchito makina a lithiamu osakanikirana ngati chinthu chimodzi cha electrode, poyerekeza ndi lithiamu yachitsulo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu batri ya lithiamu yosasinthika.
Electrolyte, yomwe imalola kuyenda kwa ionic, ndi ma elekitirodi awiri ndi zigawo zogwirizana za selo la lithiamu-ion. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion ndiofala pamagetsi ogula.
Iwo ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya mabatire omwe amatha kuchangidwanso pamagetsi osunthika, okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, osakumbukira kukumbukira, komanso kutayika kwapang'onopang'ono pomwe sakugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kupitilira pamagetsi ogula, ma LIB akukulanso kutchuka kwa asitikali, magalimoto amagetsi ndi ntchito zakuthambo.
Mwachitsanzo, mabatire a lithiamu-ion akukhala m'malo mwa mabatire a lead acid omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mbiri yamagalimoto a gofu ndi magalimoto othandizira.
M'malo mwa mbale zotsogola zolemera ndi electrolyte ya asidi, zomwe zimachitika ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapaketi opepuka a lithiamu-ion batire omwe angapereke voteji yofanana ndi mabatire a lead-acid, kotero palibe kusinthidwa kwadongosolo lagalimoto komwe kumafunikira.
Chemistry, magwiridwe antchito, mtengo ndi chitetezo zimasiyana m'mitundu ya LIB.
Zamagetsi zam'manja nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma LIB otengera lithiamu cobalt oxide (), yomwe imapereka mphamvu zambiri, koma imakhala ndi zoopsa zachitetezo, makamaka ikawonongeka.
Lithium iron phosphate (LFP), lithiamu manganese oxide (LMO) ndi lithiamu nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) amapereka mphamvu zochepa, koma moyo wautali komanso chitetezo chachilengedwe.
Mabatire oterowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zamagetsi, zida zamankhwala ndi maudindo ena. NMC makamaka ndiyomwe imapikisana kwambiri pamapulogalamu amagalimoto.
Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide (NCA) ndi lithiamu titanate (LTO) ndi mapangidwe apadera omwe amapangidwa ndi maudindo apadera.
Mabatire a lithiamu-ion amatha kukhala owopsa nthawi zina ndipo amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chifukwa ali, mosiyana ndi mabatire ena omwe amatha kuchangidwanso, ma electrolyte oyaka moto komanso amakhala opanikizidwa.
Chifukwa cha izi miyezo yoyezera mabatirewa ndi yolimba kwambiri kuposa ya mabatire a asidi-electrolyte, zomwe zimafuna mitundu yambiri yoyesera komanso kuyesa kowonjezera kwa batire.
Izi zikugwirizana ndi ngozi zomwe zanenedwa ndi zolephera, ndipo pakhala pali kukumbukira zokhudzana ndi batri ndi makampani ena.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.
