Zopangira ndi chinthu chilichonse chochotsedwa padziko lapansi kapena chopangidwa ndi zomera kapena nyama chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kapena kupanga. Ndilo mtundu wofunikira kwambiri wazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zomalizidwa.
M'nkhaniyi, ndikuyang'ana zomwe zili, momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, komanso momwe zimakhudzira mankhwala omalizidwa.
Mu positi iyi tikambirana:
Zida Zopangira: Zomangamanga Zopanga
Zida zopangira ndi zida zoyambira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga katundu, zomalizidwa, mphamvu, kapena zinthu zapakatikati zomwe zimadyedwa ndi zinthu zomwe zamalizidwa mtsogolo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zopangira ndizomwe zimapangidwira kupanga. Ndizinthu zazikulu zomwe makampani amagwiritsa ntchito popanga katundu ndi ntchito zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Zida Zopangira
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya zopangira: mwachindunji ndi molunjika. Zopangira Direct ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanga zabwino, pomwe zida zosalunjika ndi zida zomwe sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanga zabwino, koma ndizofunikira pakupanga. Zitsanzo zina zodziwika bwino za zida zachindunji ndi izi:
- Mitengo ya mipando
- Mkaka kwa tchizi
- Nsalu zopangira zovala
- Mitengo ya matebulo
- Madzi akumwa
Komano, zopangira zosalunjika, zimaphatikizanso zinthu monga zida ndi makina, zomwe ndizofunikira pakupanga koma sizinaphatikizidwe mwachindunji pazomaliza.
Udindo wa Zopangira Zopangira
Zida zopangira ndizofunika kwambiri popanga. Ndizinthu zomwe zimachotsedwa kapena kugulidwa kuchokera kusinthanitsa ndi mabizinesi, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthira kukhala zinthu zomalizidwa. Zida zopangira zida zimagawidwa malinga ndi momwe zimakhalira ndipo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ulimi, nkhalango, ndi mafakitale.
Kusiyana Pakati pa Zida Zopangira ndi Zapakatikati
Zida zopangira ndi zinthu zapakatikati nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti ndizofanana, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi. Zida zopangira ndi zinthu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanga zabwino, pamene katundu wapakati ndi zipangizo zomwe zakonzedwa kale ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, matabwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando, pamene nsalu ndi chinthu chapakati chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chovala chotha.
The Takeaways
- Zida zopangira ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga katundu ndi ntchito.
- Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya zopangira: mwachindunji ndi molunjika.
- Zida zachindunji ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanga zabwino, pomwe zopangira zosalunjika ndi zinthu zomwe ndizofunikira pakupanga koma sizinaphatikizidwe mwachindunji pazomaliza.
- Zida zopangira ndizofunika kwambiri popanga ndipo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zambiri.
- Zida zopangira zimakhala ndi mtengo wodziyimira pawokha pamsika ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikira mtengo wazinthu zogulitsidwa komanso mtengo womaliza wa chinthu.
- Zida zopangira ndi zinthu zapakatikati ndizosiyana, zopangira ndi zinthu zosasinthidwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanga komanso zinthu zapakatikati zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zina.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa zida zachindunji ndi zosalunjika ndizofunika kwambiri potengera momwe zimakhudzira ndalama zopangira. Zida zachindunji ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kupanga katundu. Amalipidwa ngati mtengo wagawo ndipo amawerengedwa mu mtengo wonse wa katundu wogulitsidwa. Komano, zopangira zosalunjika zimaperekedwa ngati mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndipo zimawerengedwa ku mtengo wonse wopangira.
Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa zopangira zachindunji ndi zosalunjika ndikofunikira pakuwerengera mtengo wokwanira wopanga komanso kupereka njira zopangira zosalala. Ngakhale zida zachindunji komanso zosalunjika zingawoneke ngati zofanana, zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana popanga ndipo zimakhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana potengera ma accounting ndi zinthu.
Kuwona Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Yaziwisi Zomwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Popanga
Zopangira zopangira ndi zinthu zomwe sizipezeka m'chilengedwe ndipo zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira. Zidazi ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga zinthu zomalizidwa ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwazinthu zachilengedwe chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apadera. Zitsanzo za zopangira zopangira ndi izi:
- Glue: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zinthu pamodzi.
- Pulasitiki: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zoseweretsa, zapakhomo, ndi makina.
- Matabwa: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando, mapepala ndi zinthu zina.
Kudziwa Mtengo wa Zopangira Zopangira
Zida zopangira ndizofunika kwambiri pakupanga, ndipo mtengo wazinthuzi ukhoza kukhudza kwambiri mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Kuti adziwe mtengo wazinthu zopangira, opanga ayenera kuganizira izi:
- Malo a wopanga: Zida zopangira zomwe zili pafupi ndi wopanga zizikhala zotsika mtengo chifukwa chotsika mtengo wamayendedwe.
- Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunika: Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangira zinthu kumakwera mtengo.
- Kayendedwe ka moyo wa zinthu zopangira: Zida zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo wautali zimakhala zotsika mtengo chifukwa chochepetsa ndalama zosinthira.
- Kufotokozera m'mbuyomo za zopangira: Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane za zopangira, zimakhala zosavuta kudziwa mtengo wake.
Kuyang'anira Zida Zopangira Kusunga Zida ndi Kuchepetsa Kutulutsa kwa Gasi Wowonjezera
Kuwongolera zinthu zopangira ndikofunika kwambiri polola opanga kusunga chuma ndikuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino zinthu zopangira, opanga ayenera kuchita izi:
- Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe sizili zofunikira pakupanga.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zida zongowonjezedwanso ngati kuli kotheka.
- Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga.
- Pambuyo pake, sungani zopangira kuti zisinthe kukhala zomalizidwa.
Kutsiliza
Choncho, zopangira ndi zomangira zopangira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zinthu zomalizidwa, monga zovala, mipando, ndi chakudya.
Muyenera kudziwa tsopano kusiyana pakati pa zopangira ndi zomalizidwa, komanso chifukwa chake zida ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga.
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.
