Vinyl ndi a zakuthupi opangidwa kuchokera ku polyvinyl chloride yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kuyambira pansi mpaka kumapukutira mpaka kumakutira. Ndizinthu zosunthika zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zambiri. Ndizinthu zapulasitiki zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'chilichonse kuyambira pa zolemba mpaka waya wamagetsi mpaka kutsekemera kwa chingwe.
Mu chemistry, vinyl kapena ethenyl ndi gulu logwira ntchito −CH=CH2, lomwe ndi molekyulu ya ethylene (H2C=CH2) kuchotsa atomu imodzi ya haidrojeni. Dzinali limagwiritsidwanso ntchito pagulu lililonse lomwe lili ndi gululo, lomwe ndi R−CH=CH2 pomwe R ndi gulu lina lililonse la ma atomu.
Kotero, vinyl ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tilowe mu mbiriyakale ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosunthika izi.
Mu positi iyi tikambirana:
- Tiyeni Tikambirane Vinyl: Groovy World of Polyvinyl Chloride
- Kuchokera ku Granulate kupita ku Vinyl Yosiyanasiyana: Njira Yopangira Zinthu Zosavuta komanso Zotsika mtengo
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zambiri za Vinyl: Zinthu Zosiyanasiyana
- Kugwira ntchito ndi Vinyl: Buku Lothandizira
- Kodi Vinyl Ndi Yotetezekadi? Tiyeni Tipeze
- Vinyl Lifecycle: Kuchokera Pachilengedwe Kufikira Kutaya
- Vinyl: Zolemba Zosakonda Zachilengedwe
- Kutsiliza
Tiyeni Tikambirane Vinyl: Groovy World of Polyvinyl Chloride
Vinyl ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki womwe umapangidwa makamaka ndi polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zingapo kuyambira pansi mpaka pakhoma mpaka pamakoma. Zomwe zimatchedwa "vinyl," nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachidule za pulasitiki ya PVC.
Mbiri ya Vinyl
Mawu akuti "vinyl" amachokera ku liwu lachilatini "vinum," lomwe limatanthauza vinyo. Mawuwa anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m’zaka za m’ma 1890 kutanthauza mtundu wa pulasitiki wopangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta osapsa. M'zaka za m'ma 1920, katswiri wa zamankhwala wotchedwa Waldo Semon adapeza kuti PVC ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala pulasitiki yokhazikika, yosamva mankhwala. Kupeza kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti pakhale zinthu za vinyl zomwe tikudziwa lero.
Zogulitsa Zazikulu Zopangidwa ndi Vinyl
Vinyl ndi zinthu zosunthika zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:
- Zolemba
- Kuyendetsa
- Chophimba pakhoma
- Kukulunga pagalimoto
- Lembani Albums
Kusewera Vinyl Records
Zolemba za vinyl ndi mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri pakusewera nyimbo. Amapangidwa ndi pulasitiki ya PVC ndipo amapanikizidwa kukhala ma LPs (makakodi osewera nthawi yayitali) omwe amakhala ndi ma grooves omwe amakhala ndi mawu omveka. Zolemba za vinyl zimaseweredwa pa 33 1/3 kapena 45 rpm ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi nyimbo zosiyana zomwe zimasankhidwa ndi omvera.
Mtengo wa Vinyl
Zolemba za vinyl zili ndi mtengo wapatali mu dziko la nyimbo. Nthawi zambiri amafunidwa ndi osonkhanitsa ndi okonda nyimbo chifukwa cha kumveka kwawo komanso tanthauzo lambiri. Zolemba za vinyl ndizodziwikanso kwa ma DJs ndi opanga nyimbo.
Zogulitsa Zofanana ndi Vinyl
Vinyl nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana ndi mawu akuti "rekodi" kapena "album". Komabe, pali mitundu ina yowonera nyimbo yomwe ili yofanana ndi vinyl, kuphatikiza:
- Matepi amakaseti
- Ma CD
- Kujambula kwadongosolo
Kuchokera ku Granulate kupita ku Vinyl Yosiyanasiyana: Njira Yopangira Zinthu Zosavuta komanso Zotsika mtengo
Vinyl ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki wopangidwa kuchokera ku polyvinyl chloride (PVC) granulate. Kuti apange vinyl, granulate imatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwa madigiri 160 Celsius mpaka ikalowa m'malo owoneka bwino. Panthawiyi, viniluyo imatha kupangidwa kukhala makeke ang'onoang'ono a vinyl omwe amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 160.
Kupanga Vinyl
Kenako makeke a vinyl amaikidwa mu nkhungu yomwe itenthedwa kufika madigiri 180 Celsius, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti vinyl yolimbayo isungunuke. Viniluyo ndiye amaloledwa kuziziritsa ndi kuumitsa mu nkhungu, kutenga mawonekedwe omwe akufuna.
Kuonjezera Mchere ndi Mafuta
Kuti apange mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya vinyl, opanga amatha kuwonjezera mchere kapena petroleum kusakaniza kwa vinyl. Kuchuluka kwa mchere kapena mafuta owonjezera kumadalira mtundu wa vinyl wofunikira.
Kusakaniza Resin ndi Powder
Njira za Electrolytic zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupereka utomoni wotetezeka komanso wosasinthika wa vinyl. Utoto uwu umasakanizidwa ndi ufa kuti upangire kugwirizana komwe kumafunikira kwa vinyl.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zambiri za Vinyl: Zinthu Zosiyanasiyana
Vinyl ndi chisankho chodziwika bwino pantchito yomanga ndi yomanga chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika komanso kupezeka komwe kulipo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mazenera, mazenera, denga limodzi, mipanda, mipanda, zotchingira khoma, ndi pansi. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kutchuka kwake ndi kulimba kwake komanso kulimba kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala njira yamphamvu komanso yokhalitsa yopangira zofunikira zomanga. Kuphatikiza apo, vinyl imafuna madzi ocheperako ndikuwongolera poyerekeza ndi zida zachikhalidwe monga matabwa ndi chitsulo.
Zamagetsi ndi Waya
Vinyl ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakampani amagetsi, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga waya ndi chingwe chifukwa champhamvu zake zamagetsi. Imapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pazosowa zosiyanasiyana. Kupanga kwa waya wa vinyl ndi kusungunula kwa chingwe kwawonjezeka ndi mamiliyoni a matani chaka chilichonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwamalo akuluakulu opanga vinyl.
Mapepala ndi Polima
Mapepala a vinyl ndi polima ndizofunikiranso pamakampani a vinyl. Mapepala a Vinyl amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zophimba pakhoma, pansi, ndi zokongoletsera zina chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kusavuta kudula. Komano, vinyl ya polima ndi mtundu watsopano wa vinyl womwe umapangidwa kuti ukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna monga kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito, katundu wachilengedwe, ndi kapangidwe kachilengedwe.
Nyimbo ndi Zabwino
Vinyl imapezekanso m'makampani opanga nyimbo, komwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma rekodi chifukwa cha kumveka bwino kwake. Zolemba za vinyl zikadali zotchuka pakati pa okonda nyimbo chifukwa cha mawu awo amphamvu komanso zosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, vinyl ndi chisankho chodziwika bwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amafunikira zinthu zocheperako komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala njira yoyenera pazosowa zosiyanasiyana.
Zotsatira Zoipa ndi Kafukufuku
Ngakhale vinyl ndi chinthu chosunthika komanso chodziwika bwino, sichikhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Kupanga ndi kutaya vinyl kumatha kuwononga chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makampani azifufuza ndikupeza njira zabwino zopangira ndikugwiritsa ntchito vinyl. Kafukufuku waposachedwa akuyang'ana pakupeza njira zochepetsera zoyipa za vinyl ndikusungabe zabwino zake.
Kugwira ntchito ndi Vinyl: Buku Lothandizira
- Musanayambe kugwira ntchito ndi vinyl, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza shopu yabwino yomwe imapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana za vinyl kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana.
- Ganizirani za mtundu wa vinilu womwe mukufuna pa polojekiti yanu, popeza pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ilipo monga vinyl yokhazikika, yapakati, ndi yamphamvu.
- Mukakhala ndi pepala lanu la vinyl, yambani poyang'ana kuti muli ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera kapena zinyalala zomwe zingakhale zitamamatira pakupanga.
- Dulani pepala la vinyl mu kukula komwe mukufuna ndi mawonekedwe ake pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba loyenera. Kumbukirani kusamala ndikusiya zinthu zochulukirapo kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yosavuta.
Kuwonjezera Vinyl ku Project Yanu
- Mukakhala ndi zidutswa za vinyl zomwe zadulidwa kukula ndi mawonekedwe oyenera, ndi nthawi yoti muwonjezere ku polojekiti yanu.
- Onetsetsani kuti malo omwe mukuwonjezerapo vinyl ndi oyera komanso owuma musanayike vinyl pamenepo.
- Mosamala sungani kumbuyo kwa vinyl ndikuyiyika pamwamba, kuyambira kumapeto ndikuyenda njira yanu kupita kwina.
- Gwiritsani ntchito chida monga squeegee kukanikizira vinyl pamwamba, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe thovu la mpweya kapena makwinya.
- Yang'anani ma vinyl nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muwonetsetse kuti akumamatira bwino ndikusintha momwe angafunikire.
Kumaliza Ntchito Yanu ya Vinyl
- Mukangowonjezera zidutswa zonse za vinyl ku projekiti yanu, bwererani mmbuyo ndikusilira ntchito yanu!
- Kumbukirani kuyeretsa zinthu zilizonse zochulukirapo ndi zomwe mudagwiritsa ntchito panthawiyi.
- Ngati mupeza kuti mukufuna vinyl kapena zinthu zina, musadandaule. Vinyl imapezeka kwambiri ndipo pali opanga ambiri ndi mitundu yomwe mungasankhe.
- Ndikuchita pang'ono ndi kuleza mtima, kugwira ntchito ndi vinyl kungakhale njira yosavuta komanso yopindulitsa.
Kodi Vinyl Ndi Yotetezekadi? Tiyeni Tipeze
Polyvinyl chloride, yomwe imadziwika kuti vinyl, ndi imodzi mwamapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, ndi pulasitiki wapoizoni kwambiri pa thanzi lathu komanso chilengedwe. PVC ili ndi mankhwala oopsa monga phthalates, lead, cadmium, ndi organotins, omwe angayambitse mavuto akulu azaumoyo monga khansa, zilema zobereka, komanso kusokonezeka kwakukula.
Kampeni Yothetsa PVC
Kwa zaka zopitilira 30, mabungwe otsogola azaumoyo, chilungamo cha chilengedwe, ndi mabungwe omwe akukhudzidwa ndi thanzi m'dziko lonselo komanso padziko lonse lapansi akhala akuchita kampeni yochotsa pulasitiki yapoizoniyi. Mabungwewa akuphatikizapo Greenpeace, Sierra Club, ndi Environmental Working Group, pakati pa ena. Akhala akufuna kuti PVC ichotsedwe pazinthu monga zoseweretsa, zonyamula, ndi zida zomangira.
Mmene Mungakhalire Otetezeka
Ngakhale kuti PVC imagwiritsidwabe ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zambiri, pali njira zomwe mungatenge kuti muchepetse kukhudzana ndi pulasitiki yapoizoniyi:
- Pewani zinthu zopangidwa kuchokera ku PVC ngati n'kotheka, monga makatani osambira, vinyl pansi, ndi zoseweretsa zapulasitiki.
- Yang'anani zinthu zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zotetezeka, monga mphira wachilengedwe, silikoni, kapena galasi.
- Ngati mukuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za PVC, yesani kusankha zomwe zalembedwa kuti "zopanda phthalate" kapena "zopanda lead."
- Tayani bwino zinthu za PVC kuti zisamalowetse mankhwala oopsa m'chilengedwe.
Vinyl Lifecycle: Kuchokera Pachilengedwe Kufikira Kutaya
Vinyl amapangidwa kuchokera ku kuphatikiza kwa ethylene, yomwe imachokera ku gasi lachilengedwe kapena petroleum, ndi klorini, yomwe imachokera ku mchere. Utoto wa vinyl womwe umachokera umasakanizidwa ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana kuti upatse mawonekedwe ofunikira, monga kusinthasintha, kulimba, ndi mtundu.
Kupanga Zinthu za Vinyl
Utoto wa vinyl ukapangidwa, ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:
- Vinyl pansi
- Kutsetsereka kwa vinilu
- Mawindo a Vinyl
- Zoseweretsa za vinyl
- Zolemba za Vinyl
Njira yopangira chilichonse mwazinthu izi imatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo kutenthetsa ndikusintha utomoni wa vinyl kukhala mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna.
Kusamalira ndi Kusamalira Zamankhwala a Vinyl
Kuti muwonjezere moyo wazinthu za vinyl, ndikofunikira kuzisamalira moyenera. Nawa malangizo angapo:
- Tsukani zinthu za vinilu nthawi zonse ndi sopo wofatsa ndi madzi
- Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owopsa kapena zotsukira
- Sungani zinthu za vinyl padzuwa lolunjika, zomwe zingayambitse kuzimiririka ndi kusweka
- Konzani kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa zinthu za vinyl mwachangu momwe mungathere kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kowonjezereka
Vinyl: Zolemba Zosakonda Zachilengedwe
Zolemba za vinyl zimapangidwa kuchokera ku Polyvinyl chloride, kapena PVC, yomwe ndi mtundu wapulasitiki. Komabe, kupanga PVC sikoyenera kwenikweni ndi chilengedwe. Malinga ndi Greenpeace, PVC ndiye pulasitiki yowononga kwambiri chilengedwe chifukwa chotulutsa mankhwala oopsa, okhala ndi chlorine panthawi yopanga. Mankhwalawa amatha kuchulukana m’madzi, mumpweya, ndi m’zakudya, zomwe zimavulaza anthu komanso nyama zakuthengo.
Mphamvu ya Vinyl pa Zachilengedwe
Zolemba za vinyl zitha kukhala zokondedwa kwa okonda nyimbo, koma zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pa chilengedwe. Nazi njira zina zomwe kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito vinyl kumakhudzira chilengedwe:
- Kupanga kwa PVC kumatulutsa mankhwala owopsa mumlengalenga ndi m'madzi, zomwe zimathandizira kuipitsa komanso kusintha kwanyengo.
- Zolemba za vinyl sizowonongeka ndipo zimatha kutenga zaka mazana ambiri kuti ziwonongeke.
- Kupanga zolemba za vinyl kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosasinthika, monga mafuta ndi gasi.
Kodi Tingachite Chiyani Pazimenezi?
Ngakhale zingawoneke ngati palibe zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tipange vinyl ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino zachilengedwe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti tisinthe:
- Thandizani zolemba zolembera zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zida zokomera zachilengedwe komanso njira zopangira.
- Gulani ma vinyl ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa atsopano kuti muchepetse kufunika kwa kupanga kwatsopano.
- Tayani moyenerera malekodi a vinyl osafunikira powakonzanso kapena kuwapereka m'malo mowataya.
Kutsiliza
Chifukwa chake muli nacho - mbiri ya vinyl, ndi chifukwa chake idali yotchuka lero. Ndizinthu zosunthika zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pachilichonse kuyambira pansi mpaka pakhoma mpaka kujambula ma Albums, ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zopitilira zana. Chifukwa chake nthawi ina mukadzawona chopangidwa ndi vinyl, mudzadziwa bwino lomwe!
Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.
