Ndarama inhengo yemakemikari ine chiratidzo cheAu (kubva) uye nhamba yeatomu 79. Muchimiro chayo chakachena, inopenya, yakatsvuka zvishoma yero, dense, soft, malleable uye ductile metal.
Kemikari, goridhe isimbi yekuchinja uye boka 11 chinhu. Icho chimwe chezvishoma reactive makemikari zvinhu, uye yakasimba pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu.
Iyo simbi saka inowanzoitika mune yemahara elemental (yekuzvarwa) fomu, semanuggets kana zviyo, mumatombo, mutsinga uye mune alluvial deposits. Inoitika mune yakasimba mhinduro yakatevedzana neiyo yekuzvarwa element sirivheri (se electrum) uye zvakare yakasarudzika yakasanganiswa nemhangura uye palladium.
Zvishoma kazhinji, zvinoitika mumaminerari semakomisheni egoridhe, kazhinji ane tellurium (gold tellurides).
Nhamba yeatomu yeGoridhe ye79 inoita kuti ive imwe yenhamba dzepamusoro dzeatomiki dzinongoitika zvakasikwa muchadenga, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvakagadzirwa musupernova nucleosynthesis kuti ibereke guruva panobva Solar System.
Nekuda kwekuti Nyika yakanyungudutswa payakangoumbwa, rinenge goridhe rese riripo paNyika rakanyura mukati mepakati penyika.
Naizvozvo goridhe rakawanda riripo nhasi muPasi nejasi rinofungidzirwa kuti rakaunzwa kuNyika gare gare, neasteroid impact panguva yekunonoka kwebhomba, makore mabhiriyoni mana apfuura.
Ndarama inodzivisa kurwiswa nemaasidhi ega ega, asi inogona kunyungudutswa neaqua regia (“royal water” [nitro-hydrochloric acid], yakatumidzwa kudaro nekuti inonyungudutsa “mambo wesimbi”).
Musanganiswa weasidhi unokonzera kuumbwa kwegoridhe rinonyungudika tetrachloride anion. Mishonga yegoridhe zvakare inonyungudika mune alkaline mhinduro yecyanide, iyo yakashandiswa mukuchera.
Inonyunguduka mumekiyuri, ichigadzira maalgam alloys; haina kunyungudika mu nitric acid, iyo inonyungudutsa sirivheri uye simbi yepasi, pfuma yakagara ichishandiswa kuratidza kuvepo kwegoridhe muzvinhu, zvichipa kusimuka kweiyo izwi rekuti acid test.
Simbi iyi yanga iri simbi yakakosha uye yaitsvakwa zvakanyanya pamari, zvishongo, uye humwe hunyanzvi kubva kare kusati kwatanga nhoroondo yakanyorwa.
Kare, mwero wegoridhe waiwanzoitwa segwaro remari mukati nepakati penyika, asi mari dzegoridhe dzakarega kugadzirwa semari yaitenderera muma1930s, uye mwero wegoridhe wepasi rose (ona chinyorwa kune rumwe ruzivo) wakazosiiwa nokuda kwe Fiat currency system mushure me1976.
Hukoshi hwenhoroondo hwegoridhe hwakanga hwadzika midzi mukushaikwa kwayo kwepakati, kubata kuri nyore uye kugadzira, kunyungudika kuri nyore, kusaora, ruvara rwakasiyana, uye kusaitazve kune zvimwe zvinhu.
Huwandu hwe174,100 matani egoridhe akacherwa munhoroondo yevanhu, maererano neGFMS kubva muna 2012. Izvi zvinenge zvakaenzana ne5.6 bhiriyoni troy ounces kana, maererano nehuwandu, inenge 9020 m3, kana cube 21 m padivi.
Kushandiswa kwepasi rose kwegoridhe idzva rinogadzirwa kunosvika makumi mashanu muzana muzvishongo, 50% mukudyara, uye gumi muzana mumaindasitiri.
Kusagadzikana kweGoridhe kwakakwira, ductility, kuramba corrosion uye mamwe akawanda maitiro emakemikari, uye conductivity yemagetsi zvakakonzera kuti irambe ichishandiswa mukuora inodzivirira magetsi ekubatanidza mumhando dzese dzemidziyo yemakomputa (mashandisiro ayo makuru mumaindasitiri).
Ndarama inoshandiswawo mu infrared shielding, colored-glass production, uye gold leafing. Imwe munyu yegoridhe ichiri kushandiswa se anti-inflammatories mukurapa.
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weZvishandiso Chiremba, mushambadzi wemukati, uye baba. Ini ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva, uye pamwe nechikwata changu ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubva 2016 kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nematurusi & matipi ekugadzira.
