Matanda Manyoro: Hunhu, Mienzaniso, uye Mashandisirwo

Softwood huni kubva kune gymnosperm miti senge conifers. Softwood ndiko kunobva 80% yekugadzirwa kwematanda pasi rose, nenzvimbo dzechinyakare dzekugadzira dziri dunhu reBaltic (kusanganisira Scandinavia neRussia), North America neChina.

Matanda akapfava akanakira kuvaka nekuda kwehuremu hwawo uye nyore kubata. Uyezve, ivo vanodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura hardwoods. Miti iyi inogona kuchinjika uye inogona kushandiswa kune zvakasiyana siyana, sekunze kupfekedzwa, mukati memapuranga, pasi, uye fenicha.

Kuti tinzwisise mutsauko pakati pe softwoods ne hardwoods nemashandisirwo awo, ngationgororei munyaya yacho.

Softwood: Yakasiyana-siyana uye Yakakurumbira Sarudzo yeKuvaka uye Dhizaini

Softwood imhando yehuni inobva kumiti yegymnosperm, yakadai semaconifers. Icho chinopesana nematanda akaoma, anobva kumiti yeangiosperm. Softwoods inoshaya pores, nepo hardwoods isina migero ye resin. Izvi zvinoreva kuti softwoods ine chimiro chakasiyana chemukati pane matanda akaoma.

Misiyano Yakakura Pakati peHardwoods neSoftwoods

Musiyano mukuru pakati pematanda akaoma uye softwoods ndiwo maitiro avo emukati. Softwoods inoshaya pores, nepo hardwoods isina migero ye resin. Mimwe misiyano inosanganisira:

• Softwoods inowanzove yakareruka mukurema kupfuura hardwoods.
• Softwoods ine density yakaderera pane hardwoods.
• MaSoftwoods anowanzo kuwanikwa uye anowanikwa mune yakakura stock, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira yekuvaka uye zvekuvaka.

Zvimiro uye Hunhu hweSoftwood

Softwood inopa huwandu hwezvinhu uye hunhu hunoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakodzera yekuvaka nekugadzira, kusanganisira:

• Softwood iri nyore kugadzira uye kushanda nayo pane hardwood, zvinoreva kuti inogona kugadzirwa nekuumbwa nekukurumidza.
• Softwood yakanakira kuvaka uye kuvaka, sezvo iri sarudzo yakajairwa yekuvhara mapepa uye matanda ekushandisa.
• Softwood isarudzo yakakurumbira yezvivakwa zvekugara uye zvekutengesa nekuda kwekusiyana-siyana kwayo uye huwandu hwemhando dziripo.
• Softwood isarudzo yakanaka yekunze uye yemukati yekupfekedza, sezvo ichibvumira isina musono uye inoshanda kupera.
• Softwood isarudzo yakakwana yekuwana yechinyakare kana yemazuva ano dhizaini maitiro nekuda kwemitsara inobata maziso uye mabhodhi akadhindwa.

Mienzaniso yeSoftwood Miti uye Yakakurumbira Kushandiswa

Mimwe mienzaniso yakakurumbira yemiti ye softwood inosanganisira fir uye hemlock. Softwood inowanzoshandiswa ku:

• Wall uye sirin'i paneling, senge VJ paneling uye colonial profiles.
• Castelation uye batten cladding, iyo inopindirana neazvino dhizaini maitiro ane mimvuri uye chiteshi.
• Inoshanda uye isina musono yekupfeka yekunze, iyo inovimba nesoftwood inoenderera ficha uye inobvumira kwakachena uye kwemazuva ano kupera.
• Zvekuvaka nekuvaka, sematanda uye zvigadzirwa zvekuvhara mapepa.
• Sarudzo dzinodzivirirwa nemoto, dzakadai seyakabatwa softwood, inova sarudzo huru yekuvaka nekuvaka.

Kunyange zvazvo softwoods uye hardwoods vachigovana zvimwe zvakafanana, pane zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana pakati pemhando mbiri dzehuni:

• Density: Softwoods kazhinji haina kuomeswa kupfuura matanda akaomarara, ayo anogona kukanganisa kuita kwavo mune mamwe maapplication.
• Kurema: Softwoods inowanzoreruka mukurema kupfuura matanda akaoma, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushanda nawo mune mamwe maitiro.
• Pores: Softwoods ine pores yakakura kupfuura hardwoods, iyo inogona kukanganisa kushanda kwavo mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Semuyenzaniso, softwoods kazhinji kacho haagone kurwisa kukuvara kwezvipembenene uye mamiriro ekunyorova.
• Mechanical Properties: Softwoods inobva kumiti yegymnosperm, iyo ine hukuru hukuru hwekusiyana-siyana maererano nemagetsi avo. Hardwoods, kune rumwe rutivi, inobva kumiti yeangiosperm, iyo inowanzova yakawanda inowirirana michina.

Pakazere, softwoods imhando yehuni inosiyana uye inobatsira iyo inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka, kugadzira, uye kugadzira mapepa zvinhu. Kunyange vangave vasina kuomarara kana kuomarara sematanda akaomarara, vanopa huwandu hwemabhenefiti anovaita sarudzo yakanaka kune mamwe maapplication.

Miti yeSoftwood uye Kushandiswa Kwazvo Kwakasiyana-siyana

• Pine: Imwe yezvinonyanya kushandiswa softwoods munyika, pine ihuni inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana iyo inokodzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvaka nekuvaka. Kune akati wandei emhando dzakasiyana dzepaini dziripo, dzinosanganisira white pine uye red pine, imwe neimwe iine yayo yakasarudzika maitiro uye hunhu.
• Spruce: Imwe sarudzo yakakurumbira yebasa rekuvaka, spruce ihuni yakasimba uye yakaoma inokwanisa kuita zvakanaka pasi pemamiriro akasiyana siyana. Inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira zvakasiyana siyana zvigadzirwa, zvinosanganisira mashizha zvinhu uye zvikamu zvechimiro.
• Misidhari: Inozivikanwa nokuda kwezviyo zvayo zvakasimba uye kupera kwakanaka, misidhari isarudzo yakakurumbira kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzira uye basa rekuvaka. Inowanzo shandiswa kumapurojekiti ekunze, akadai sekushongedza uye fenzi, sezvo ichingogara ichipokana nekuora uye kuora.
• Fir: Huni inoyevedza, fir inowanzoshandiswa mubasa rekuvaka nekuda kwesimba rayo uye kusimba. Inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira framing uye zvimwe zvimiro zvechimiro, pamwe neyemashizha zvinhu uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka.

Softwood Inoshandisa

• Kuvaka: Softwoods chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kweakasiyana ezvivakwa zvekuvaka uye zvekuvaka. Iwo anoshandiswa kugadzira zvese kubva pakugadzira uye zvimiro zvemukati kune sheet zvinhu uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka.
• Kugadzira Furnicha: Miti yakapfava zvakare inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira fenicha, kunyanya kune zvidimbu zvakagadzirirwa kuve nyore uye nyore kufamba-famba. Dzinowanzova dzakachipa kupfuura matanda akaomarara, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira yevatengi vanoziva bhajeti.
• Woodworking: Softwoods isarudzo yakakurumbira yezvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvehuni, kusanganisira kuveza uye kutendeuka. Vanowanzova nyore kushanda navo pane matanda akaoma, zvichienderana nemhando chaiyo yehuni uye chirongwa chiripo.
• Kugadzirwa Kwemapepa: Manyoro manyoro anowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwepepa, sezvo achikwanisa kuburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwemhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa zvemapepa. Vanowanzorongerwa se "fiber refu" kana "short fiber" zvichienderana nekureba kwefiber muhuni.
• Zvimwe Zvishandiso: Manyoro anoshandiswa mune akati wandei mamwe maapplication, anosanganisira sehutsi, pakugadzirwa kwemafuta anokosha, uye kugadzira zviridzwa zvemimhanzi.

Kusiyana pakati peSoftwood Varieties

• Kurema: Softwoods inogona kusiyana muhuremu zvichienderana nemhando chaiyo yehuni. Mamwe matanda akapfava, akadai semisidhari, akareruka kupfuura mamwe, nepo mamwe, akadai sefir, anogona kurema kwazvo.
• Ruvara: Matanda eSoftwood anogonawo kusiyana nemuvara, aine mamwe, akadai semupaini, achiratidzika yero kana tsvuku, nepo mamwe, akadai sespruce, anowanzo chena kana akareruka muvara.
• Zviyo: Softwoods inogona kuva nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezviyo, pamwe nemamwe, akadai semisidhari, ane zviyo zvakasimba, zviyo, asi mamwe, akadai sepaini, ane maitiro akazaruka uye asina kujairika.
• Biological Differences: Softwoods inogona kusiyana maererano nekugadzirwa kwavo kwehupenyu, nemamwe, akadai semusidhari mutsvuku wekumadokero, achikwirira maererano nekuramba kwavo kwechisikigo pakuora uye kukuvara kwezvipembenene.

Kuwedzerwa uye Kuda

• MaSoftwoods anowanikwa zvakanyanya uye anowanzo kuchipa kupfuura hardwoods, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira yemhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa.
• Manyoro anogadzirwa pasi rose, aine huwandu hwemhando dzakasiyana dzinowanikwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye mamiriro ekunze.
• MaSoftwoods anowanzo kuve nyore kugadzira uye kuendesa pane hardwoods, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira kune akati wandei maindasitiri.

Softwood Zvishandiso: Kupfuura Kungovaka

Softwood timber inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka kune zvimiro uye zvitunha zvinangwa nekuda kwesimba rayo uye kugara kwenguva refu. Zvimwe zvezvinonyanya kushandiswa zvinosanganisira:

• Denga uye pasi
• Kugadzira madziro uye sheathing
• Mapango nembiru
• Zvitubu nematanda

Softwood inoshandiswawo mukugadzira plywood, inova chinhu chakakurumbira pakuvaka nekugadzira fenicha.

Kupedza Applications

Softwood isarudzo yakakurumbira yekupedzisa maapplication nekuda kwekusiyana kwayo uye kugona kwayo. Mamwe emamwe anowanzo kupedzisa kunyorera anosanganisira:

• Masuo nemahwindo
• Molding uye kucheka
• Makabati uye fenicha
• Decking uye fence

Softwood inoshandiswawo mukugadzirwa kwepepa uye pulp, iyo inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana.

Nzvimbo Zvikumbiro

Softwood inorimwa munzvimbo dzakawanda pasirese, kusanganisira Scandinavia, dunhu reBaltic, uye North America. Dunhu rega rega rine maitiro aro akasiyana uye mashandisirwo ematanda e softwood. Zvimwe zvezvinonyanya kushandiswa mudunhu zvinosanganisira:

• Scandinavia: Softwood inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka nekugadzira fenicha nekuda kwesimba rayo uye kusimba.
• Baltic dunhu: Softwood inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwepepa uye pulp, pamwe nekuvaka nekugadzira fenicha.
• North America: Softwood inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka kwemaitiro uye kupedza mashandisirwo, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwepepa uye pulp.

Nei Softwoods Ari Akanakisa Pakuvaka

Softwoods, semisidhari uye paini, dziri nyore uye dzinoshandiswa nyore nyore, zvichiita kuti dzive sarudzo yakakurumbira yekuvaka. Anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira mukati, kugadzira zvinhu zvakaita seplywood, uye zvekunze zvekushandisa senge fenzi nemapallet. Manyoro anoshandiswawo kusimudza madziro emukati mudzimba.

Softwoods inodhura-Inoshanda

Softwoods haina kuoma uye yakareruka kupfuura hardwoods, zvichiita kuti ideredze mutengo wekutakura uye kuisa. Izvo zvakare zvinokasira kusimudzira, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakasimba yekuvaka.

Softwoods inogara kwenguva refu

Kunyange zvazvo softwoods inogona kunge isina kuoma sehuni yakaoma, inogona kuva nehupenyu hurefu kana yakabatwa zvakanaka. Softwoods inogona kuiswa nebiocides kuti iwedzere kuramba kwavo kuora uye zvipembenene, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakodzera kune zvekunze kushandiswa.

Softwoods yeFenicha: Izano Rakanaka kana Kudyara Nengozi?

Paunenge uchitsvaga softwoods yekugadzira fenicha, zvakakosha kuziva marudzi akasiyana uye maitiro avo akasiyana. Hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvekuchengeta mupfungwa:

• Mhando dzeSoftwood: Mamwe manyoro anozivikanwa ekugadzira fenicha anosanganisira pine, misidhari, uye fir.
• Zviyo uye ruvara: Zviyo zveSoftwood zvinowanzove zvakanyanya kufanana kupfuura huni dzakaoma, asi ruvara runogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemhando chaiyo yehuni.
• Kuziva kuenderana: Kana iwe uchida kutaridzika kunoenderana, zvakakosha kuti uzive nzira yekufananidza huni hwehuni uye ruvara.
• Kuwanikwa kwenzvimbo: Ma Softwoods anowanikwa zviri nyore pazvitoro zvemahara, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo iri nyore kune avo vari kutsvaga kutanga chirongwa chekugadzira fenicha.

Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa zvekushandisa Softwoods yeFenicha

Softwoods inopa akawanda mabhenefiti kana zvasvika pakugadzira fenicha, asi pane zvakare zvimwe zvinokanganisa kufunga:

zvayakanakira:

• Zvakachipa: Softwoods kazhinji inochipa kupfuura hardwoods, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inokwanisika kune avo vari mubhajeti.
• Zviri nyore kushanda nawo: Manyoro akapfava uye ari nyore kucheka uye kuumbwa pane hardwoods, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka kune vanotanga kana avo vasina mukana wehunyanzvi. zvishandiso zvehuni (hezvino zvakakosha).
• Anowanikwa zviri nyore: MaSoftwoods anowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvitoro zvehardware, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuwana kune avo vari kutsvaga kutanga chirongwa chekugadzira fenicha.

nezvayakaipira:

• Kwete sekugara kwenguva refu: Softwoods haina kuoma sehuni dzakaoma, zvinoreva kuti dzinogona kunge dzisina kusimba kana kugara kwenguva refu.
• Kukura zvindori: Softwoods ine zvindori zvekukura zvinodzokorora nenzira inowirirana, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zvitaridzike zvishoma zvakasiyana pane matanda akaoma.
• Veneer layer: Softwoods inowanzova neveneer layer inogona kunge isina kuenzana uye inogona kunge isingataridzi seyakanaka sehuni yakaoma kana yakasvibiswa.

Maitiro ekuve nechokwadi chekuti Softwood Furniture Yakasimba uye Inogara

Kana ukasarudza kushandisa softwoods pakugadzira fenicha, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti fenicha yako yakasimba uye yakasimba:

• Cheka huni nenzira kwayo: Miti yakapfava inowanzova yakasimba uye yakasimba kana yakatemwa padivi pezviyo.
• Tarisa mafundo: Mafundo anogona kuderedza huni, saka zvakakosha kuti utarise iwo usati watanga chirongwa chako.
• Ongorora huni: Tarisa chero kunhuhwirira kwakasarudzika kana fluorescent mapatani anogona kuratidza huni haisi yemhando yakanaka.
• Tevedzera maitiro akanakisa ekuvaka: Carina Jaramillo, mugadziri wefenicha, anokurudzira kushandisa guruu nemasiruu kuona kuti fenicha yakasimba uye yakasimba.
• Shandisa salvaged kana weathered softwoods: Aya marudzi e-softwoods anowanzova akasimba uye anogara kwenguva refu kupfuura achangobva kuchekwa softwoods.

Maitiro ekuziva maSoftwoods ekugadzira fenicha

Kana iwe usina chokwadi chekuti ungaziva sei softwoods pakugadzira fenicha, heano mamwe matipi:

• Softwood inowanzova neyakavhurika pore chimiro, iyo inopa kutaridzika kwakapfava.
• Softwood inowedzera kunzwa kwekudziya kune fenicha, asi inogonawo kutarisa isina kuenzana kana yakasvibiswa.
• Misidhari inonzi softwood yakakurumbira yekuvaka zvikepe nokuti inowanzova yakasimba uye yakasimba kudarika mamwe manyoro.
• Tsvaga mhando dzemhando dzakapfava: Semuyenzaniso, fir ndiyo yakajairika softwood inoshandiswa kugadzira fenicha nekuti inowanzova yakasimba uye yakasimba kupfuura mamwe softwoods.

Hardwood vs Softwood Density: Zvaunoda Kuziva

Kuti unzwisise zviri nani musiyano wehuwandu pakati pehuni dzakaoma uye softwoods, heino mimwe mienzaniso yega yega:

• Miti yakaoma: ebony, rosewood, walnut, madota
• Softwoods: pine, spruce, poplar

Iyo Density Inopa Sei Kushandiswa kweHardwoods uye Softwoods

Kuwanda kwehuni kunobatsira pakushandiswa kwayo munzira dzakawanda. Heino mimwe mienzaniso:

• Hardwoods anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira fenicha uye mamwe maapplication anoda huni hunogara hunogona kutsungirira kusakara uye kubvaruka kwenguva yakareba.
• Softwoods inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka nekuvaka nekuda kwekugona kwavo kucheka uye kuumbwa zviri nyore, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira yekugadzira uye zvimwe zvimiro zvezvivakwa.
• MaSoftwoods anowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemapepa, senge mapepanhau nemagazini, nekuda kwehurefu hwayo, hwakatwasuka.

Deciduous vs Evergreen Miti

Kurongeka kwematanda akaoma uye softwoods hakubvi pamashizha kana mbeu yemuti, asi pane kuwanda kwehuni. Zvisinei, pane mimwe misiyano yakawanda pakati pemiti yakasvibira uye yakasvibira inogona kukubatsira kuziva rudzi rwehuni:

• Miti yakasvibira, yakadai sewalnut nemadota, inowanzova nematanda akasviba kupfuura miti yakasvibira.
• Miti yakasvibira, yakadai sepaini uye spruce, ine huni hwakareruka.
• Miti inodonha inorasa mashizha mukudonha, nepo miti yakasvibira ichichengeta mashizha ayo gore rose.

mhedziso

Saka ipapo unayo - huni dzakapfava dzinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana, dzinofarirwa, uye dzakakura pakuvaka nekuti dziri nyore kushanda nadzo uye hadzidi simba rakawanda sehuni dzakaoma. Iwo akakwana kumadziro ekunze uye sirin'i, uye akanakira kupedzisa kwemukati zvakare. Uyezve, ivo vakakwana kune zvese zvekugara uye zvekutengesa zvivakwa. Saka usatya kuashandisa!

Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weZvishandiso Chiremba, mushambadzi wemukati, uye baba. Ini ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva, uye pamwe nechikwata changu ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubva 2016 kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nematurusi & matipi ekugadzira.