Lacquer chinhu chakagadzirwa neresin, iyo inotorwa kubva pakuvanzika kwemuti kana zvipembenene. Inoshandiswa kugadzira kupera kunopenya pane dzakasiyana siyana. Icho chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chinogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza nekushongedza chero chinhu kubva pazviridzwa zvemimhanzi kusvika kufenicha kusvika kumota.
Ngatitarisei nhoroondo uye mashandisirwo echinhu ichi chakasiyana.
Mune ino posvo isu tichafukidza:
Lacquer- Iyo yekupedzisira Guide
Lacquer imhando yezvinhu zvinowanzoshandiswa sekupedzisa kana bemhapemha zvehuni, simbi, uye dzimwe nzvimbo. Inokurumidza kuomesa uye inogona kuburitsa nzvimbo inopenya uye yakatsetseka kana ikashandiswa nemazvo. Chinangwa chikuru che lacquer ndechekudzivirira nzvimbo iyo inovhara, ichisiya yakasimba uye yakasimba iyo inogona kugara kwemakore.
Nhoroondo yeLacquer
Lacquer yanga ichishandiswa kubva kare, nekugadzirwa kunotanga kubva kare 5000 BCE. Kugadzirwa kwe lacquer kunosanganisira kubvisa resin kubva pamiti uye kuwedzera wax uye mamwe maumbirwo ekugadzira fomu yakakodzera. Munguva dzekare, lacquer yaiwanzoshandiswa kugadzira mavara ane mavara uye anopenya pafenicha nezvimwe zvinhu zvekushongedza.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzeLacquer
Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana e lacquer, imwe neimwe ine zvayo yakasiyana-siyana uye inoshandiswa. Mamwe emhando dzakakurumbira dze lacquer dzinosanganisira:
- Nitrocellulose lacquer: Iyi ndiyo yakajairika mhando yelacquer inoshandiswa mazuva ano. Iyo inozivikanwa nekukasira-kuomesa nguva uye nyore kushandisa.
- Mvura-based lacquer: Iyi mhando ye lacquer yakaderera muVOCs uye yakakodzera kune avo vanoda kuwana imwe eco-friendly sarudzo.
- Pre-catalyzed lacquer: Iyi mhando ye lacquer inoda mugadziri akazvitsaurira kuti atakure chigadzirwa, uye inozivikanwa nokuda kwekugara kwayo kwakakwirira uye kupera kwayo.
- Post-catalyzed lacquer: Rudzi urwu rwe lacquer rwakafanana ne-pre-catalyzed lacquer asi inoda imwe nhanho yekubvisa chigadziro chisati chashandiswa.
- UV-yakarapwa lacquer: Iyi mhando yelacquer inokurumidza-kuomesa uye inochengetedza yakakwira gloss kupera.
Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa zvekushandisa Lacquer
Kufanana nechero chigadzirwa, lacquer ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Heano mamwe ezvakakosha zvekufunga nezvazvo:
zvayakanakira:
- Inopa kupera kwakatsetseka uye kupenya
- Inodzivirira pamusoro payo
- Inomesa nekukurumidza
- Inogona kushandiswa pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana
nezvayakaipira:
- Inoda kufefetera kwakakodzera uye midziyo yekuchengetedza panguva yekushandisa
- Inogona kukonzera nyaya dzehutano kana ikasashandiswa nemazvo
- Inogona kuda mabhachi akawanda kuti avhare zvakakodzera
- Inogona kunetsa kubvisa kana yangoiswa
Maitiro ekuisa Lacquer
Kuisa lacquer kunoda rimwe basa uye kutarisisa kune zvakadzama. Heano mamwe matanho akakosha ekutevera:
- Isa jecha pamusoro kuti rifukidzwe nefine-grit sandpaper kugadzira nzvimbo yakatsetseka.
- Isa lacquer mumajasi matete, uchibvumira jasi rimwe nerimwe kuti riome zvachose usati wawedzera imwe.
- Zvichienderana nemhando ye lacquer inoshandiswa, zvingada jecha pakati pejasi kuti rigadzire kupera kwakanaka.
- Kamwe jasi rekupedzisira rinoshandiswa, bvumira lacquer kuti iome zvachose isati yashandisa pamusoro.
Kazhinji Kushandiswa kweLacquer
Lacquer inowanzoshandiswa kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinangwa, kusanganisira:
- Kugadzira kupera kunopenya pane fenicha uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekushongedza
- Kudzivirira zviridzwa, semaple nemadota, kubva mukukuvadzwa
- Kuwedzera danda rekudzivirira kune simbi nzvimbo kudzivirira ngura uye kumwe kukuvadza
Musiyano Pakati peLacquer uye Mamwe Mapedzi
Nepo lacquer iri yakakurumbira mhando yekupedzisa, haisiyo yega sarudzo iripo. Heano mimwe misiyano yakakosha pakati pe lacquer uye mamwe mapedzi:
- Lacquer inomesa nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe mapedzi, akadai sevarnish uye shellac.
- Lacquer yakasimba kudarika mamwe mapedzi uye inogona kumira zvakanyanya kupfeka uye kubvarura.
- Lacquer inosanganiswa nehuwandu hwepamusoro hweVOCs, iyo inogona kukonzera nyaya dzehutano kana ikasashandiswa zvakanaka.
Iyo Inonakidza Etymology yeLacquer
Izwi rekuti "lacquer" rine nhoroondo yakapfuma uye yakaoma, ine zvarinoreva uye zvinhu zvinoshanduka nekufamba kwenguva. Iyo yekare yakasarudzika kune lacquer yemazuva ano yaive yakasikwa resinous material yakabva kune secretions ye lac insect. Izwi rekuti "lacquer" rinobva paizwi rePezhiya "lak" uye reHindi izwi rekuti "lākh", ose anoreva "zana rezviuru". Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvinotora imwe nhamba yezvipembenene kuti ibudise hushoma hwezvinhu zvinobudisa resinous.
Shanduro yeLacquer
Izwi rekuti "lacquer" rakashandurirwa mumitauro yakawanda kwemazana emakore, kusanganisira chiLatin, French, Portuguese, Arabic, uye Sanskrit. MuchiLatin, izwi rekuti lacquer nderinoti "laca", nepo muchiFrench "laque". MuchiPutukezi, inonzi "lacca", asi muchiArabic "lakk". MuSanskrit, izwi rekuti lacquer nderinoti "lākshā", iro rinobva paizwi rechiito "laksha", zvichireva kuti "kumaka kana kupfeka".
Kugara Kukurumbira kweLacquer
Pasinei neshanduro dzakawanda uye kusiyana kwezwi rokuti "lacquer", iyo pachayo yakaramba iine nguva dzose munhoroondo yose. Kuzivikanwa kwaro kusingagumi chiratidzo chekushanda kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana uye kusimba, pamwe nekukwanisa kwayo kuwedzera kunaka kwechero nzvimbo iyo inoshandiswa. Ingave yakashandiswa munguva dzekare kana kugadzirwa kwemazuva ano, lacquer inoramba ichinyanya kukoshesa uye inotsvakwa.
5 Mhando dzeLacquer uye Yavo Yakasiyana Kupedzisa
1. Nitrocellulose Lacquer
Nitrocellulose lacquer ndeimwe yemhando dzakakurumbira uye dzinowanzoshandiswa dze lacquer pakati pemhizha nevagadziri. Iro lacquer yechinyakare yakashandiswa kune zviridzwa zvemimhanzi kwenguva yakareba. Mishonga yakakosha inokonzera kuomeswa kwe nitrocellulose lacquer inonyungudutsa inoshanda inobuda nekukurumidza. Iri rudzi rwe lacquer rinonyanya kunetseka kune mamwe makemikari uye rinogona kukuvara nyore nyore. Mazita esheen anonyanyozivikanwa enitrocellulose lacquer kubva painopenya kusvika painopenya ndeaya: flat, matte, eggshell, satin, semi-gloss, uye gloss.
2. Mvura-Yakavakirwa Lacquer
Mvura-based lacquer imhando itsva ye lacquer iri kuwedzera kuve yakakurumbira nekuda kwehutano hwayo hune hushamwari. Iyo yakafanana ne nitrocellulose lacquer maererano nekuomeswa kwayo, asi ine mvura panzvimbo yezvinonyungudutsa. Mvura-based lacquer isarudzo yakanaka kune avo vanonzwa kune mamwe makemikari uye vanoda kukurumidza kuoma nguva. Iwo sheen mazinga emvura-based lacquer akaenzana uye anosanganisira flat, matte, satin, uye gloss.
3. Pre-Catalyzed Lacquer
Pre-catalyzed lacquer imhando ye lacquer inowanzowanikwa mune zvehunyanzvi zvekugadzira matanda. Icho chigadzirwa chezvikamu zviviri chinotanga kuporesa nokukurumidza kana zvikamu zviviri zvasanganiswa pamwechete. Mhando iyi ye lacquer inoreva kutakura chiyero chakasimba chekudzivirira uye isarudzo yakanaka kune avo vanoda kupedzisa kwepamusoro. Pre-catalyzed lacquer inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzesheen, kusanganisira flat, satin, uye gloss.
4. Acrylic Lacquer
Acrylic lacquer imhando yakasarudzika yelacquer inopa yakatsetseka uye nyore kuchenesa kupera. Inowanzoshandiswa pasimbi uye isarudzo yakanaka kune avo vanoda yakanaka, yakachena kupera. Acrylic lacquer inobvumira maitiro akasiyana-siyana kuti awedzere kusvika pakupedzisa, kusanganisira ruvara uye mavara. Iwo sheen mazinga e acrylic lacquer anosanganisira flat, matte, satin, uye gloss.
5. Shanduko Varnish Lacquer
Conversion varnish lacquer imhando ye lacquer iri pakati pechinyakare lacquer uye yemazuva ano polyurethane. Icho chikamu chezvikamu zviviri-chikamu chinoreva kuchengetedza nekudzivirira kukanganisa kwehuni. Shanduko varnish lacquer yakasimba zvakanyanya uye isarudzo yakanaka kune avo vanoda kupedzisa kwenguva refu. Iwo sheen mazinga erudzi urwu rwelacquer anosanganisira matte, satin, uye gloss.
Chii chiri muMisanganiswa: Iyo Nitty-Gritty yeCommon Lacquer Solvents & Additives
Lacquer ndiyo yakakurumbira yehuni kupera iyo yakashandiswa kwemazana emakore. Iyo inogoneka uye yakasimba kupera iyo inogona kushandiswa pane dzakasiyana siyana, kubva fenicha kusvika kune zvinoridzwa zviridzwa. Zvisinei, nzira yekugadzira lacquer inosanganisira kushandiswa kwezvinonyungudutsa uye zvinowedzera izvo zvinogona kukuvadza hutano hwevanhu. Heano mamwe eanonyanyozivikanwa solvents anowanikwa mu lacquer:
- Toluene: Ichi chinonyungudutsa chinowanzoshandiswa mu lacquer nekuti chinobuda nekukurumidza uye chinosiya kupera kwakatsetseka. Nekudaro, ine muchetura zvakare uye inogona kukonzera kutemwa nemusoro, dzungu, uye kunyangwe kufenda kana ikafemerwa yakawanda.
- Xylenes: Izvi zvinonyungudutsa zvakafanana ne toluene uye zvinowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nazvo. Izvo zvakare zvine muchetura zvakanyanya uye zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ekufema, kutemwa nemusoro, uye dzungu.
- Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK): Ichi chinonyungudutsa chinowanzoshandiswa mumaindasitiri e lacquers nekuti inoshanda zvakanyanya pakunyungudutsa resin nezvimwe zvinhu. Nekudaro, zvakare inopfuta zvakanyanya uye inogona kukonzera kutsamwa kweganda uye matambudziko ekufema kana ikafemerwa.
- Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK): solvent iyi yakafanana neMEK uye inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nayo. Iyo zvakare inopfuta zvakanyanya uye inogona kukonzera kutsamwa kweganda uye matambudziko ekufema.
- Formaldehyde: Ichi chinowedzera chinoshandiswa mune mamwe marudzi e lacquer kubatsira kuoma nekukurumidza. Nekudaro, iyo zvakare inozivikanwa kenza uye inogona kukonzera matambudziko ekufema kana ikafemerwa.
- Methanol: Mushonga uyu unowanzoshandiswa mu lacquer nekuti inobuda nekukasira uye inosiya kupera kwakatsetseka. Nekudaro, ine muchetura zvakare uye inogona kukonzera upofu, kukuvara kwechiropa, uye kunyange kufa kana ikadyiwa.
Izvo zvinowedzera zvinoshandiswa muLacquer
Mukuwedzera kune zvinonyungudutsa, lacquer inewo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuwedzera zvinobatsira kuvandudza kushanda kwayo uye kuonekwa. Heano mamwe ekuwedzera anowanikwa mune lacquer:
- Plasticizers: Izvi zvinowedzera zvinobatsira kuita kuti lacquer iwedzere kushanduka uye inodzivirira kutsemuka nekusvuuka.
- UV Stabilizers: Izvi zvinowedzera zvinobatsira kuchengetedza lacquer kubva mukukuvadza kwechiedza chezuva uye mamwe mafomu e UV mwaranzi.
- Driers: Izvi zvinowedzera zvinobatsira kukurumidza kuomesa uye kugadzirisa kuoma uye kusimba kwekupedzisa.
- Pigments: Izvi zvinowedzera zvinoshandiswa kupa lacquer ruvara rwayo uye zvinogona kugadzirwa kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvechisikigo uye zvekugadzira zvinhu.
- Resins: Izvi zvinowedzera zvinobatsira kusunga zvimwe zvinongedzo pamwechete uye kuvandudza kunamatira uye kusimba kwekupedzisa.
Ko Lacquer Iyo Huni Yakakodzera Inopedza Kwauri?
- Lacquer inopedza zvakasiyana-siyana inogona kushandiswa pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehuni, kubva kuhuni kusvika kune cypress.
- Kuisa lacquer iri nyore uye inoda midziyo mishoma. Unogona kuzora nebhurasho kana kumwaya pairi.
- Lacquer inomesa nekukurumidza, zvinoreva kuti iwe unogona kushandisa majasi akawanda munguva pfupi.
- Iyo inokurumidza kuomesa nguva inorevawo kuti iwe unogona kufamba pauriri hwakapedzwa mukati memaawa mushure mekuishandisa.
- Lacquer isarudzo yakaderera yakaenzaniswa nemamwe mapedzi, akadai semafuta-based finishes.
- Lacquer inowanikwa zvakanyanya uye inouya muzviuru zvezvisarudzo, zvichienderana nemhando yehuni uye inodiwa kupera.
- Lacquer inogadzira yakaoma uye yakasimba kupera iyo inogona kugara kwemakore.
Kusarudza Yakanakisa Pedzisa Yehuni Yako
- Funga nezvemhando yehuni yauri kupedzisa uye chimiro chinodiwa chaunoda kuita.
- Tarisa hunyoro hwehuni usati waisa chero kupera kudzivirira nyaya pasi pemutsara.
- Edzai kupera kwakasiyana pane imwe nzvimbo yehuni kuti uone kuti unofara nemugumisiro.
- Zvichienderana nehuni uye kupera, iwe ungangoda kushandisa majasi akawanda kuti uwane kutaridzika kunodiwa uye kusimba.
- Nguva dzose rega kupedzisa kuoma zvakakwana usati waisa mamwe majasi kana kufamba pauriri hwakapera.
- Funga zvakanakira nekuipira kwesarudzo yega yega yekupedzisa usati waita sarudzo yekupedzisira.
mhedziso
Saka, iyo lacquer kwauri- chinhu chinoshandiswa kupfekedza nzvimbo kudzivirira nekushongedza. Lacquer yakashandiswa kwemazana emakore uye ine nhoroondo yakapfuma kubva kare kare.
Iwe unofanirwa kuziva zvino kusiyana pakati pe lacquer uye varnish, uye nei lacquer iri sarudzo iri nani yekupedzisa. Saka, enda mberi uye uedze!
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weZvishandiso Chiremba, mushambadzi wemukati, uye baba. Ini ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva, uye pamwe nechikwata changu ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubva 2016 kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nematurusi & matipi ekugadzira.
