Vinyl ari zvinhu yakagadzirwa kubva ku polyvinyl chloride iyo inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa kubva pauriri kusvika pakuvhara madziro kusvika pakuputira otomatiki. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakashandiswa kwemakumi emakore. Ipurasitiki zvinhu zvakashandiswa mune zvese kubva pamarekodhi kusvika kune waya yemagetsi kusvika kune tambo yekuvharisa.
Mumakemikari, vinyl kana ethenyl ndiro boka rinoshanda −CH=CH2, rinova iro ethylene molecule (H2C=CH2) kubvisa atomu rehydrogen. Zita rinoshandiswawo kune chero musanganiswa une boka iroro, rinova R−CH=CH2 apo R riri chero rimwe boka remaatomu.
Saka, chii chinonzi vinyl? Ngatinyure munhoroondo uye mashandisirwo echinhu ichi chine zvakawanda.
Mune ino posvo isu tichafukidza:
- Ngatitaurei Vinyl: Iyo Groovy World yePolyvinyl Chloride
- Kubva kuGranulate kuenda kune Yakasiyana-siyana Vinyl: Iyo Maitiro Ekugadzira Yakanaka uye Inodhura Chishandiso
- Iko Kushandiswa Kwakawanda kweVinyl: Chinhu Chinosiyana-siyana
- Kushanda neVinyl: A Handy Guide
- Vinyl Yakachengeteka Zvechokwadi Here? Ngationei
- Iyo Vinyl Lifecycle: Kubva Kusikwa kusvika Kurasa
- Vinyl: The Not-So-Environmental-Friendly Record
- mhedziso
Ngatitaurei Vinyl: Iyo Groovy World yePolyvinyl Chloride
Vinyl imhando yepurasitiki inoumbwa zvakanyanya ne polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Iyo inowanzoshandiswa mumhando yezvigadzirwa kubva pasi kusvika kune siding kusvika kumadziro ekuvhara. Kana chigadzirwa chichinzi "vinyl," inowanzoita shorthand yePVC plastiki.
Nhoroondo yeVinyl
Izwi rokuti "vinyl" rinobva pashoko rechiLatini rokuti "vinum," rinoreva waini. Izwi iri rakatanga kushandiswa kumakore ekuma1890 kureva rudzi rwepurasitiki yakagadzirwa nemafuta asina kukora. Mumakore ekuma1920, nyanzvi yekemesitiri yainzi Waldo Semon yakaona kuti PVC yaigona kushandurwa kuita purasitiki yakatsiga, isingamiri mumakemikari. Kuwanikwa uku kwakatungamira mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvevinyl izvo zvatinoziva nhasi.
Izvo Zvigadzirwa Zvikuru Zvinoumbwa neVinyl
Vinyl chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chinogona kushandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa, zvinosanganisira:
- Flooring
- Kutsigira
- Kuvhara madziro
- Auto wrap
- Rekodha maarubhamu
Kutamba Vinyl Records
Vinyl rekodhi chimiro chemhando yepamusoro chekuridza mimhanzi. Iyo inoumbwa nePVC plastiki uye inotsikirirwa muLPs (yakareba-kutamba marekodhi) inobata mikoto ine ruzivo rwekurira. Zvinyorwa zvevinyl zvinoridzwa pa33 1/3 kana 45 rpm uye zvinogona kubata nziyo dzakasiyana dzinosarudzwa nemuteereri.
Kukosha kweVinyl
Vinyl zvinyorwa zvine kukosha kukuru munyika yemimhanzi. Ivo vanowanzotsvakwa nevateresi nevanofarira mimhanzi nekuda kwemhando yavo yekurira uye kukosha kwenhoroondo. Vinyl zvinyorwa zvakare chimiro chakakurumbira chevaDJs nevagadziri vemimhanzi.
Zvakafanana Zvigadzirwa kune Vinyl
Vinyl inowanzoshandiswa zvakafanana neshoko rokuti "rekodhi" kana "album." Nekudaro, kune mamwe mafomati ekuridza mimhanzi akafanana nevinyl, anosanganisira:
- Makaseti matepi
- MaCD
- Digital downloads
Kubva kuGranulate kuenda kune Yakasiyana-siyana Vinyl: Iyo Maitiro Ekugadzira Yakanaka uye Inodhura Chishandiso
Vinyl imhando yepurasitiki inogadzirwa kubva ku polyvinyl chloride (PVC) granulate. Kugadzira vinyl, iyo granulate inopisa kusvika kune yakakwira tembiricha inosvika 160 madhigirii Celsius kusvika yapinda munzvimbo ine viscous. Panguva ino, iyo vinyl inogona kuumbwa kuita diki vinyl makeke anorema anenge 160 magiramu.
Kuumba Vinyl
Makeke evinyl anozoiswa muforoma inodziya kusvika 180 degrees Celsius, zvichiita kuti vinyl yakasimba inyunguduke. Iyo vinyl inobva yabvumirwa kuti itonhorere uye iomese muforoma, ichitora fomu yaidiwa.
Kuwedzera Munyu uye Petroleum
Kugadzira mhando dzakasiyana dzevinyl, vagadziri vanogona kuwedzera munyu kana petroleum kumusanganiswa wevinyl. Huwandu hwemunyu kana peturu inowedzerwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwevinyl inodiwa.
Kusanganisa resin uye poda
Electrolytic maitiro anogonawo kushandiswa kupa yakachengeteka uye inowirirana resin yevinyl. Iyi resin inozosanganiswa nehupfu kugadzira iyo inodiwa kuenderana kwevinyl.
Iko Kushandiswa Kwakawanda kweVinyl: Chinhu Chinosiyana-siyana
Vinyl isarudzo yakakurumbira muindasitiri yekuvaka nekuvaka nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera uye kuwanikwa kwakawanda. Inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa senge siding, windows, single-ply padenga membranes, fenzi, decking, madziro ekuvhara, uye pasi. Chikonzero chikuru chekuzivikanwa kwayo ndeyekugara kwayo uye kusimba, zvichiita kuti ive yakasimba uye inogara kwenguva refu sarudzo yekuvaka zvinodiwa. Pamusoro pezvo, vinyl inoda yakaderera kushandiswa kwemvura uye kugadzirisa kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare zvinhu zvakaita sehuni nesimbi.
Magetsi neWaya
Vinyl zvakare chinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yemagetsi, kwainowanzo shandiswa kugadzira waya uye tambo yekuvharisa nekuda kwekunaka kwayo magetsi. Inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana uye mafomu, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvido. Kugadzirwa kwevinyl waya uye kusungirirwa kwetambo kwakawedzera nemamiriyoni ematani gore rega rega, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yenzvimbo huru dzekugadzirwa kwevinyl.
Sheet uye Polymer
Vinyl sheet uye polymer zvakare zvakakosha zvigadzirwa muindasitiri yevinyl. Vinyl sheet inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemadziro emadziro, pasi, uye zvimwe zvekushongedza zvikumbiro nekuda kwekusiyana-siyana uye nyore-kucheka hunhu. Polymer vinyl, kune rumwe rutivi, imhando nyowani yevinyl iyo inogadzirwa kuti iwane inodiwa zvivakwa sekuwedzera kuita, biological pfuma, uye dhizaini yechisikigo.
Mimhanzi uye zviri nyore
Vinyl inowanikwawo muindasitiri yemimhanzi, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira marekodhi nekuda kwekunaka kwayo kweruzha. Zvinyorwa zveVinyl zvichiri kufarirwa pakati pevanofarira mimhanzi nekuda kwekunzwika kwavo kune simba uye nyore. Pamusoro pezvo, vinyl isarudzo yakakurumbira yevashandisi vanoda yakaderera-yekugadzirisa uye nyore kushandisa zvinhu, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakodzera kune dzakasiyana siyana zvinodiwa.
Negative Effects uye Tsvakurudzo
Kunyange zvazvo vinyl iri zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvakakurumbira, hazvina maturo. Kugadzirwa kwevinyl uye kuraswa kunogona kukonzera kukuvadza kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuti makambani atsvage uye atsvage nzira dziri nani dzekugadzira nekushandisa vinyl. Tsvagiridzo yazvino yakanangana nekutsvaga nzira dzekudzikisa kukanganisa kwakashata kwevinyl uchiri kuchengetedza zvakanakisa zvivakwa.
Kushanda neVinyl: A Handy Guide
- Usati watanga kushanda nevinyl, ita shuwa yekuwana chitoro chakanaka chinopa akasiyana ezvigadzirwa zvevinyl kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri.
- Funga nezvemhando yevinyl yaunoda purojekiti yako, sezvo kune marudzi akasiyana anowanikwa akadai senguva dzose, yepakati, uye yakasimba vinyl.
- Kana uchinge uine vinyl sheet yako, tanga nekuitarisa kune chero yakawandisa zvinhu kana marara angave akanamatira pairi panguva yekugadzira.
- Cheka vinyl sheet muhukuru hunodiwa uye chimiro uchishandisa blade chaiyo. Rangarira kungwarira uye kusiya zvishoma zvezvinhu zvakawandisa kuti hurongwa huve nyore.
Kuwedzera Vinyl kuProjekti Yako
- Kana uchinge waita zvidimbu zvako zvevinyl zvakachekwa kusvika pakukura uye chimiro, inguva yekuvawedzera kupurojekiti yako.
- Ita shuwa kuti nzvimbo yauri kuwedzera vinyl kune yakachena uye yakaoma usati waisa vinyl pairi.
- Nyatsobvisa kutsigirwa kubva pavinyl uye woiisa pamusoro, kutanga kubva kune imwe mugumo uye kushanda nzira yako kune imwe.
- Shandisa chishandiso chakaita senge squeegee kudzvanya zvinyoronyoro vinyl pamusoro, kuve nechokwadi kuti hapana mabhuru emhepo kana wrinkles.
- Tarisa vinyl nguva nenguva kuti uone kuti inonamira nemazvo uye gadzirisa sezvinodiwa.
Kuzadzisa Yako Vinyl Project
- Kana uchinge wawedzera ese ezvimedu zvevinyl kupurojekiti yako, tora nhanho kumashure uyeyemura basa rako!
- Rangarira kuchenesa chero zvakawandisa zvinhu uye zvekushandisa zvawakashandisa panguva yekuita.
- Kana iwe ukaona kuti iwe unoda mamwe vinyl kana zvekushandisa, usanetseka. Vinyl inowanikwa zvakanyanya uye kune vakawanda vanogadzira uye marudzi ekusarudza kubva.
- Nechinguva chidiki chekudzidzira uye kushivirira, kushanda nevinyl kunogona kuve nyore uye kunopa mubayiro maitiro.
Vinyl Yakachengeteka Zvechokwadi Here? Ngationei
Polyvinyl chloride, inowanzozivikanwa sevinyl, ndeimwe yemapurasitiki anoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose. Nekudaro, ndiyo zvakare ipurasitiki ine muchetura kune hutano hwedu uye nharaunda. PVC ine makemikari ane muchetura senge phthalates, lead, cadmium, uye organotins, izvo zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba ehutano akadai segomarara, kuremara kwekuzvarwa, uye kusagadzikana kwekukura.
Mushandirapamwe wekubvisa PVC
Kweanopfuura makore makumi matatu, kutungamira hutano, hutongi hwezvakatipoteredza, uye masangano ane hutano hwakakanganiswa munyika yose nepasirese vanga vachikurudzira kubvisa iyi chepfu plastiki. Masangano aya anosanganisira Greenpeace, Sierra Club, uye Environmental Working Group, pakati pevamwe. Vanga vachidaidzira kubviswa kwePVC kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvakaita sematoyi, kurongedza, uye zvekuvaka.
Nzira Yokuramba Wakachengeteka
Nepo PVC ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvakawanda, pane matanho aungatora kuti uderedze kuratidzwa kwako kune ino chepfu plastiki:
- Dzivisa zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kubva kuPVC pese pazvinogoneka, senge maketeni ekugeza, vinyl pasi, uye matoyi epurasitiki.
- Tarisa zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa kubva kune zvakachengeteka, seyakasikwa rabha, silicone, kana girazi.
- Kana uchifanira kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvePVC, edza kusarudza izvo zvakanyorwa se "phthalate-isina" kana "isina lead."
- Rasa zvakanaka zvigadzirwa zvePVC kuti zvidzivise kuburitsa makemikari ane chepfu munzvimbo.
Iyo Vinyl Lifecycle: Kubva Kusikwa kusvika Kurasa
Vinyl inogadzirwa kubva mukusanganiswa kwe ethylene, iyo inotorwa kubva kune gasi rechisikigo kana petroleum, uye chlorine, iyo inowanikwa kubva mumunyu. Iyo vinyl resin inokonzeresa inozosanganiswa nezvakasiyana zvekuwedzera kuti ipe iyo inodiwa zvivakwa, senge kuchinjika, kusimba, uye ruvara.
Kugadzirwa kweVinyl Zvigadzirwa
Kana iyo vinyl resin yagadzirwa, inogona kushandiswa kugadzira akasiyana ezvigadzirwa, zvinosanganisira:
- Vinyl pasi
- Vinyl anotenderera
- Vinyl mahwindo
- Vinyl toys
- Vinyl zvinyorwa
Maitiro ekugadzira ega ega ezvigadzirwa izvi anogona kusiyanisa zvishoma, asi kazhinji anosanganisira kudziyisa uye kuumba iyo vinyl resin mune inodiwa fomu.
Kurapa uye Kuchengeta Vinyl Zvigadzirwa
Kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwezvigadzirwa zvevinyl, zvakakosha kuzvitarisira zvakakodzera. Heano mazano mashoma:
- Chenesa zvigadzirwa zvevinyl nguva dzose nesipo yakapfava uye mvura mhinduro
- Dzivisa kushandisa makemikari ane hasha kana abrasive cleaners
- Chengetedza zvigadzirwa zvevinyl kunze kwezuva rakananga, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kupera uye kuputika
- Gadzirisa chero kukuvadzwa kune zvigadzirwa zvevinyl nekukurumidza sezvinobvira kudzivirira kuwedzera kusakara uye kubvaruka
Vinyl: The Not-So-Environmental-Friendly Record
Zvinyorwa zvevinyl zvinogadzirwa kubva kuPolyvinyl chloride, kana PVC, inova rudzi rwepurasitiki. Nekudaro, kugadzirwa kwePVC hakuna kunyatso kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza. Sekureva kweGreenpeace, PVC ndiyo ipurasitiki inokuvadza zvakanyanya nharaunda nekuda kwekuburitswa kwemakemikari ane muchetura, ane chlorine-based panguva yekugadzira. Makemikari aya anogona kuungana mumvura, mhepo, uye chikafu, achikuvadza vanhu nemhuka dzesango.
Iyo Impact yeVinyl pane Zvakatipoteredza
Vinyl rekodhi inogona kunge iri nzira inodiwa yevanofarira mimhanzi, asi ine mhedzisiro yakaipa pane zvakatipoteredza. Heano dzimwe dzenzira kugadzirwa kwevinyl uye kushandiswa kunokanganisa nharaunda:
- Kugadzirwa kwePVC kunoburitsa makemikari anokuvadza mumhepo nemvura, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
- Marekodhi eVinyl haaparadzike uye anogona kutora mazana emakore kuti aputse mumarara.
- Kugadzirwa kwezvinyorwa zvevinyl kunoda kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvisingadzokizve, zvakadai semafuta uye gasi rechisikigo.
Tingaitei Nezvazvo?
Kunyange zvingaita sekunge hapana zvakawanda zvatingaite kugadzira vinyl kugadzira uye kushandisa zvakanyanya hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvatingaite kuita mutsauko:
- Tsigira rekodhi zvinyorwa zvinoshandisa eco-hushamwari zvinhu uye nzira dzekugadzira.
- Tenga marekodhi evinyl akashandiswa panzvimbo peatsva kuti uderedze kudiwa kwekugadzirwa kutsva.
- Rasa marekodhi asingadiwe evinyl nekuashandisazve kana kuapa pane kuarasa.
mhedziso
Saka ipapo iwe unayo- nhoroondo yevinyl, uye nei ichiri yakakurumbira nhasi. Icho chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chakashandiswa kune zvese kubva pauriri kusvika kumadziro chifukidziro kusvika kurekodha maalbum, uye chave chichishandiswa kweanopfuura zana. Saka nguva inotevera paunoona chigadzirwa chevinyl, iwe unonyatsoziva kuti chii!
Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weZvishandiso Chiremba, mushambadzi wemukati, uye baba. Ini ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva, uye pamwe nechikwata changu ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubva 2016 kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nematurusi & matipi ekugadzira.
