Ialternator ngumbane Generator oguqula amandla oomatshini abe kumandla ombane ngendlela yokutshintshana kwangoku. Ngezizathu zeendleko kunye nokulula, uninzi lweealternators zisebenzisa i-magnetic field ejikelezayo kunye ne-armature emileyo.
Kweli nqaku, ndiza kuchaza ukuba yintoni i-alternator, isebenza njani, kwaye kutheni ibaluleke kangaka. Kwaye, ndiza kwabelana ngeenyani ezimnandi malunga nalo mmangaliso omncinci.
Kule posi siza kugubungela:
- Isebenza njani iAlternator: Esona siqwenga siphambili seNkqubo yoMbane yeMoto yakho
- AbaVulindlela kunye neZizukulwane zakuqala zeeAlternators
- Yintoni eyenziwa yiAlternator: Indlu yaMandla yeMoto yakho
- Iimpawu I-Alternator yakho ifuna iNkonzo
- Izibane eziDimming okanye eziDanyazayo
- Ingxolo
- Imiba yebhetri
- Iingxaki zoMbane
- Ukuqala nzima
- IsiPhumo samandla ombane asezantsi
- Imiba enamava kwixesha elidlulileyo
- Iimoto zangoku
- Iindlela ezichanekileyo zoVavanyo
- Iimbangela eziqhelekileyo zokusilela kweAlternator
- Ukubaluleka Kwenkxaso
- Yintoni omawuyenze xa uphawula le miqondiso
- isiphelo
Isebenza njani iAlternator: Esona siqwenga siphambili seNkqubo yoMbane yeMoto yakho
Ialternator licandelo elibalulekileyo kwisixokelelwano sombane semoto yakho. Inoxanduva lokuguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla ombane, athi ke asetyenziswe ukunika amandla amacandelo ombane emoto yakho. I-alternator ngokuqhelekileyo ifakwe kwi-injini kwaye inikwe amandla ngebhanti ejika i-rotor ngaphakathi kwe-alternator. Njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza, idala intsimi yamagnetic eyenza umbane wombane kwi-stator windings. Le yangoku iguqulwa isuke kwi-AC iye kwi-DC kwaye isetyenziselwa ukutshaja ibhetri kunye namandla amacandelo ombane emoto.
Amacandelo: Iqulethe ntoni iAlternator?
I-alternator iqulethe amacandelo amaninzi asebenza kunye ukuvelisa amandla ombane. La malungu aquka:
- I-Rotor: Iqhekeza le-alternator elijikelezayo elenza umhlaba wemagnethi.
- I-Stator: Iqhekeza elimileyo le-alternator equlethe amajiko-jiko avelisa umsinga wombane.
- Isilungisi: Icandelo eliguqula umsinga we-AC oveliswe yi-alternator ibe yi-DC yangoku.
- I-Voltage Regulator: Icandelo elilawula umbane ophumayo we-alternator ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala kuluhlu oluthile.
- Umlandeli: Icandelo elipholisa ialternator ngokuvuthela umoya phezu kwayo.
Inkqubo: Isebenza Njani IAlternator?
Inkqubo yendlela esebenza ngayo i-alternator inokwahlulwa ibe ngamanyathelo amaninzi:
- I-injini iqalisiwe, kwaye i-alternator iqala ukujikeleza.
- Njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza, idala intsimi yamagnetic eyenza umbane wombane kwi-stator windings.
- I-AC yangoku eveliswa yi-stator windings iguqulelwa kwi-DC yangoku ngu-rectifier.
- I-voltage regulator ilawula i-voltage ephumayo ye-alternator ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile.
- I-DC yangoku eveliswa yi-alternator isetyenziselwa ukuhlawula ibhetri kunye namandla amacandelo ombane wemoto.
Isiphumo: Mangakanani Amandla Aveliswa yi-Alternator?
Ubungakanani bamandla obuveliswa yi-alternator buxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ubungakanani be-alternator, isantya esijikelezayo, kunye nomthwalo wombane obekwe kuyo. Ii-alternators eziqhelekileyo zivelisa phakathi kwe-40 kunye ne-120 amps yangoku kwi-12 volts. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-alternators eziphezulu ziyakwazi ukuvelisa ukuya kuma-amps angama-300 okwangoku kwi-14 volts.
Okubalulekileyo: Kutheni i-Alternator ibalulekile?
Ialternator yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixokelelwano sombane semoto yakho. Ngaphandle kwe-alternator, imoto yakho ayinakukwazi ukuqalisa okanye ukubaleka. I-alternator inoxanduva lokubonelela ngamandla ombane afunekayo ukuqalisa injini kunye namandla amacandelo ombane emoto, kubandakanywa izibane, irediyo, kunye ne-air conditioning. Ikwahlawulisa ibhetri, eyimfuneko ekuqaliseni imoto kunye nokubonelela ngamandla kumacandelo ombane xa injini ingasebenzi.
AbaVulindlela kunye neZizukulwane zakuqala zeeAlternators
Imbali ye-alternator ibuyele ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 xa uMichael Faraday wafumanisa umgaqo wokufakelwa kwe-electromagnetic induction. Oku kufunyenweyo kwakhokelela kuphuhliso koomatshini abanokuvelisa imisinga yombane. Nangona kunjalo, aba matshini babenokuvelisa kuphela umsinga othe ngqo (DC) owawungafanelekanga ukukhanyisa okanye ezinye izicelo ezifuna i-alternating current (AC).
Uphuhliso lweealternators
Uphuhliso lwe-alternator lwaqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 xa oovulindlela abafana no-Nikola Tesla kunye no-George Westinghouse baqala ukulinga iijenereyitha ze-AC. Ijenereyitha yombane waseWestinghouse yayiyimpumelelo ekuvelisweni kwamandla e-AC, kwaye yavula indlela yophuhliso lwealternator yale mihla.
Izicelo zoMkhosi kunye nezoShishino lweeAlternators
Ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini, uhlobo lwale mihla lweealternators zezithuthi lwaqala ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zasemkhosini ukunika amandla izixhobo zikanomathotholo kwiinqwelo ezizodwa. Emva kwemfazwe, ezinye iinqwelo-mafutha ezineemfuno eziphezulu zombane, njengee-ambulensi neeteksi zikanomathotholo, nazo zazinokufakelwa ezinye iialternator. Ii-alternators zikwafumene indlela yokungena kwimizi-mveliso, oomatshini bokwenza amandla kunye nezixhobo ezifuna umbane ophezulu.
Yintoni eyenziwa yiAlternator: Indlu yaMandla yeMoto yakho
Ialternator yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixokelelwano sombane semoto yakho. Inoxanduva lokuguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla ombane, athi ke asetyenziswe ukunika amandla amalungu ombane emoto yakho. I-alternator ivelisa umsinga wombane oqukuqela kwiintambo kunye neentambo ukugcina ukutshajiswa kwebhetri kunye namandla kwipaneli yesixhobo, izibane, kunye nezinye izinto zombane kwimoto yakho.
Ukuqala Injini
I-alternator ikwanoxanduva lokubonelela ngamandla ombane ayimfuneko ukuqalisa injini yemoto yakho. Xa ujika isitshixo ekulayiseni, ialternator iqalisa ukuvelisa amandla ombane asetyenziselwa ukuguqula injini. Ngaphandle kwe-alternator, imoto yakho ayinakukwazi ukuqalisa.
Ukuvelisa i-AC kunye ne-DC yangoku
I-alternator ivelisa zombini i-AC (i-alternating current) kunye ne-DC (i-direct current) amandla ombane. Umsinga we-AC usetyenziswa ukunika amandla amalungu emoto yakho, ngelixa i-DC yangoku isetyenziselwa ukutshaja ibhetri. I-alternator ixhotyiswe nge-rectifier eguqula i-AC yangoku ukuya kwi-DC yangoku, ethi emva koko ithunyelwe kwibhetri ukugcina intlawulo yayo.
Ukukhusela iNkqubo yoMbane yeMoto yakho
I-alternator ifumaneka kufuphi ne-injini kwaye iqhagamshelwe kwibhetri kunye namanye amacandelo ombane ngoluhlu lweengcingo kunye neentambo. Yakhelwe ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokungcangcazela okuveliswe yi-injini kwaye ilungiselelwe ukuhlala ubomi bemoto yakho. I-alternator ikwaxhotyiswe ngeempawu ezivumela ukuba ilawule ukuhamba kombane kwaye ikhusele inkqubo yombane yemoto yakho emonakalweni.
Idityaniswe namanye amaCandelo ukwenza iNkqubo yokuTjaja
Ialternator sisiqwengana nje esinye senkqubo yokutshaja yemoto yakho. Idityaniswe namanye amalungu, anje ngebhetri, iingcingo kunye nefeni, ukwenza inkqubo epheleleyo eyilelwe ukugcina intlawulo yebhetri kunye nokubonelela ngamandla ombane kumalungu emoto yakho. Inkqubo yokutshaja yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemoto yakho kwaye kufuneka igcinwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza kakuhle.
Ukukhetha iAlternator eLungileyo kwiMoto yakho
Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni i-alternator yemoto yakho, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uziqwalasele. Ubungakanani kunye nemveliso ye-alternator kufuneka ihambelane neemfuno zenkqubo yombane yemoto yakho. Umenzi kunye nophawu lwe-alternator zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, njengoko zinokuchaphazela umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kwe-alternator. Ekugqibeleni, i-alternator oyikhethayo kufuneka yakhiwe ukuze ihlale kwaye inike amandla ombane afunekayo ukugcina imoto yakho isebenza kakuhle.
Iimpawu I-Alternator yakho ifuna iNkonzo
Enye yeempawu ezicacileyo ze-alternator ekusilelayo sisibane sesilumkiso sedeshibhodi. Oku kukhanya kuhlala kujongeka njengebhetri okanye kuthi "ALT" okanye "GEN." Ukuba oku kukhanya kubonakala, kubalulekile ukulungisa ingxaki ngokukhawuleza.
Izibane eziDimming okanye eziDanyazayo
Ukuba izibane zakho zangaphambili okanye izibane zangaphakathi ziyamfiliba okanye ziyadanyaza, luphawu lokuba ialternator yakho ayivelisi mandla aneleyo. Oku kunokuba ngenxa ye-alternator engaphumeleliyo okanye ibhanti evulekileyo.
Ingxolo
Ukuba uva ingxolo engaqhelekanga evela kwi-injini yakho, inokuba luphawu lokusilela kwe-alternator. I-alternator embi inokuvelisa ingxolo eyahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka ukuncwina, ukugragrama, kunye nokurasha.
Imiba yebhetri
Ukuba ibhetri yakho ihlala isifa okanye ifuna ukutsiba-iqaliswe, inokuba luphawu lokusilela kwealternator. I-alternator inoxanduva lokubonelela amandla kwibhetri, ngoko ke ukuba ayisebenzi ngokuchanekileyo, ibhetri ayiyi kukwazi ukugcina intlawulo yayo.
Iingxaki zoMbane
Ukuba ufumana iingxaki zombane, ezinje ngeefestile zombane okanye izitshixo ezingasebenziyo, ingaluphawu lwealternator embi. I-alternator inoxanduva lokubonelela ngamandla kuwo onke amalungu ombane kwimoto yakho, ngoko ke ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, unokuqaphela amalungu athile ombane angasebenzi kakuhle.
Ukuqala nzima
Ukuba imoto yakho inobunzima bokuqala, inokuba luphawu lwe-alternator engaphumeleliyo. I-alternator inoxanduva lokubonelela ngamandla kwinjini yokuqalisa, ngoko ke ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, imoto yakho ayinakukwazi ukuqalisa kwaphela.
IsiPhumo samandla ombane asezantsi
Ukuba une-multimeter, unokuvavanya i-voltage output ye-alternator yakho. I-alternator elungileyo kufuneka ivelise amandla ombane ajikeleze i-14 volts. Ukuba ialternator yakho ivelisa amandla ombane angaphantsi koku, luphawu lokuba ayisebenzi kakuhle.
Imiba enamava kwixesha elidlulileyo
Ukuba ukhe wanemiba ne-alternator yakho kwixesha elidlulileyo, kukho ithuba lokuba ingasilela kwakhona. Kubalulekile ukugcina i-alternator yakho kwaye ulungise nayiphi na imiba ngokukhawuleza ukuba ibonakala inqanda iingxaki ezizayo.
Iimoto zangoku
Iimoto zanamhlanje zineenxalenye ezininzi zombane, nto leyo ethetha ukuba zifuna amandla amaninzi. Ukuba unemoto yale mihla, kubalulekile ukuyigcina ilungile ialternator kwaye uyijonge rhoqo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba isebenza kakuhle.
Iindlela ezichanekileyo zoVavanyo
Ukucinga ukuba unezixhobo ezichanekileyo, kukho iindlela ezimbalwa onokuzisebenzisa ukuvavanya i-alternator yakho. Ungasebenzisa i-multimeter ukuvavanya imveliso yombane, okanye unokuthatha imoto yakho uye evenkileni kwaye bakuvavanyele yona.
Iimbangela eziqhelekileyo zokusilela kweAlternator
Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo zokusilela kwe-alternator, kuquka:
- Iibhanti ezikhululekileyo okanye ezigugileyo
- Ubushushu obugqithisileyo
- Ukungaphumeleli kwecandelo langaphakathi
- Ukutshaja kakhulu okanye ukutshaja ibhetri
Ukubaluleka Kwenkxaso
Ukugcina ialternator yakho kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwaye inika amandla awoneleyo kwizinto zombane zemoto yakho. Ukunyamekela rhoqo kunokukunceda uphephe ukulungiswa kweendleko kwaye ugcine imoto yakho ihamba kakuhle.
Yintoni omawuyenze xa uphawula le miqondiso
Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ze-alternator engaphumeleliyo, kubalulekile ukulungisa ingxaki ngokukhawuleza. Ukungahoyi ezi mpawu kunokukhokelela kwimiba enzulu ngakumbi ezantsi. Thatha imoto yakho uyise kwiziko lenkonzo ukuze ijongwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye inikwe inkonzo.
isiphelo
Ngoko ke, unayo-i-alternator sisixhobo esiguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla ombane. Iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yombane yemoto, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo, awunakukwazi ukuqalisa imoto yakho okanye amandla naziphi na izinto zombane. Ke, qiniseka ukuba uyayazi indlela esebenza ngayo kunye nendlela yokuyigcina.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.
