IAluminiyam: Iimpawu zayo, iKhemistri, kunye neZenzeko zeNdalo

I-Aluminiyam okanye i-aluminium yinto ecocekileyo yensimbi enenombolo ye-athomu 13. Iyaziwa ngamandla ayo kunye neempawu ezilula, okwenza kube yinto efunwa kakhulu kwixesha langoku.

Luluphi usetyenziso oluphambili lweAluminiyam?

IAluminiyam inoluhlu olubanzi losetyenziso, kubandakanywa:

• Ukwakhiwa: I-aluminium isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwishishini lokwakha ngenxa yamandla ayo kunye nokuqina.
• Amandla ombane: I-Aluminiyam isetyenziswa kwiintambo zamandla kunye neengcingo ngenxa ye-conductivity ephezulu.
• Izixhobo kunye nezikhongozeli zasekhitshini: Ialuminiyam idla ngokusetyenziswa xa kuveliswa izitya zasekhitshini, izikhongozeli kunye neetoti ngenxa yokumelana nokubola.
• Ibhetri kunye nemveliso ekhaphukhaphu: I-Aluminiyam iyinxalenye ephambili kwimveliso yeebhetri kunye nezilayidi ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezilula.

Ingakanani iAluminiyam Eveliswayo?

I-Aluminiyam yinto eveliswe kakhulu, enezigidi zeetoni eziveliswa minyaka le ziinkampani kwihlabathi jikelele.

Zeziphi iiFom iAluminiyam engena ngayo?

I-Aluminiyam iza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa amaphepha, iipleyiti, imivalo kunye neetyhubhu. Inokufumaneka nakwiifom ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-extrusions kunye ne-forgings.

Yeyiphi indima edlalwa yiAluminiyam kwiNdawo?

I-aluminiyam ineempembelelo ezisezantsi kokusingqongileyo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintsimbi, njengoko inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona. Oku kuyenza ibe yinto eqhelekileyo kuluhlu lwemveliso emitsha ejolise ekunciphiseni inkunkuma kunye nokukhuthaza ukuzinza.

Ukufumana uMzimba ngeAluminiyam

• I-aluminiyam yintsimbi ebluish-isilivere ezinzileyo ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-athomu.
• Inenombolo ye-atom ye-13 kwaye yenye yezinto eziphambili ezikhoyo emhlabeni.
• Ubume be-athomu ye-aluminiyam yi-2, 8, 3, oku kuthetha ukuba inee-electron ezimbini kwinqanaba lokuqala lamandla, ezisibhozo kweyesibini, kunye nezintathu kwinqanaba lamandla angaphandle.
• Ii-electron zangaphandle ze-aluminiyam zabelwana phakathi kwee-athom, ezinegalelo kwi-metallic bonding yayo kwaye yenza ukuba iqhube kakhulu.
• I-Aluminiyam inesakhiwo sekristale ye-cubic kunye ne-radius malunga ne-143 pm.
• Inomlinganiselo wokunyibilika we-660.32 ° C kunye neqondo lokubilisa lika-2519 ° C, okwenza ikwazi ukumelana namaqondo aphezulu.
• Ubuninzi be-aluminiyam buphantsi, ukusuka kwi-2.63 ukuya kwi-2.80 g/cm³, kuxhomekeke kwi-alloy ethile.
• Ialuminiyam iphantse yafana negolide kwaye iyeyesibini eyona ntsimbi ithambileyo, emva kwesilivere.
• Kwakhona i-ductile ephezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba inokutsalwa kwiingcingo ezincinci ngaphandle kokuphuka.
• Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye isinyithi, i-aluminium inobunzima obuncinci, kunye noluhlu lobunzima malunga ne-26.98 ukuya kwi-28.08 g / mol, kuxhomekeke kwi-isotope.

Ubume beMpawu

• I-aluminiyam yinto eqhelekileyo efumaneka kwi-Earth crust, apho ihlala ikhona ngendlela ye-bauxite.
• Iveliswa ngokudibanisa i-bauxite kunye ne-sodium hydroxide kwaye emva koko i-electrolyzing umxube obangelwayo.
• Ialuminiyam esulungekileyo yintsimbi e bluish-mhlophe kancinci ekhazimliswe kakhulu kwaye inokukhanya okuncinci.
• I-Aluminiyam iyamelana kakhulu ne-corrosion, iyenza ifaneleke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo apho iya kubonakaliswa kwizinto.
• Inomgangatho ophezulu we-thermal conductivity, oku kuthetha ukuba inokudlulisa ukushisa ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.
• I-aluminiyam nayo ayinayo ityhefu, ayinamagnetic, kwaye ayiqhumeki, iyenza ibe yimathiriyeli eguquguqukayo kakhulu.
• Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-alloy, i-aluminiyam inokuvela ekubeni ithambile kwaye ithambile kwaye ilukhuni kwaye inamandla.
• I-Aluminiyam ifaneleke kakhulu ukuphosa, ukwenza i-machining, kunye nokuyila, iyenza ibe lukhetho oludumileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.
• Ukutyhubela iminyaka, i-aluminiyam iye yaba yinto ebaluleke ngakumbi ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibonakalayo kunye nokulula enokuthi iveliswe ngayo kwaye icocwe.
• Ngokwetheyibhile yeperiodic, i-aluminiyam yinto ephakathi, kwaye izinzile kakhulu ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-electron kunye neempawu zokudibanisa.
• Amandla e-ionization ye-aluminium aphezulu kakhulu, oku kuthetha ukuba idinga umthamo omkhulu wamandla ukususa i-electron kwi-athomu ye-aluminium okanye i-ion.
• I-Aluminium iyakwazi ukwenza iindidi ezininzi ze-isotopes, ukusuka kwi-21Al ukuya kwi-43Al, kunye namandla avela kwi-0.05 MeV ukuya kwi-9.6 MeV.
• Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-aluminium zenza ukuba ibe yinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu efanelekileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusuka kulwakhiwo kunye nokuthutha ukuya kwi-electronics kunye nokupakishwa.

IAluminium: IKhemistri eNgemva kweMetal

• IAluminium yafunyanwa ngo-1825 ngusokhemisti waseDanish uHans Christian Oersted.
• Yintsimbi yasemva kwenguqu enophawu uAl kunye nenombolo ye-athomu ye-13.
• Ialuminiyam iqinile kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kwaye inevalence yesithathu.
• Inommandla omncinci we-athom kunye ne-electronegative, eyenza ukuba idibanise ngamandla kunye nezinye izinto ukwenza iikhompawundi.
• Iipropati ze-aluminiyam ziquka ukuba yi-conductor elungileyo yombane kunye nobushushu, ukuba noxinano oluphantsi, kunye ne-corrosion-resistant.
• Ibalulekile kubomi banamhlanje kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwakha, ukuthutha, kunye nokupakisha.

Ukuveliswa kunye nokucokiswa kweAluminiyam

• I-Aluminium iveliswa yinkqubo yeHolo-Héroult, ebandakanya i-electrolysis ye-alumina (Al2O3) kwi-cryolite etyhidiweyo (Na3AlF6).
• Le nkqubo inamandla kwaye iyabiza, kodwa i-aluminiyam ifumaneka ngokubanzi kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
• Ukukwazi ukuvelisa i-aluminium ngobuninzi kunye nexabiso elincinci liye lenza isinyithi esiqhelekileyo kuluntu lwanamhlanje.
• Inkqubo yokucoca ibandakanya ukongeza ezinye isinyithi ezifana ne-magnesium ukuvelisa i-alloys kunye neempawu ezithile.

IAluminiyam kwiNdalo kunye neChemistry yayo enamanzi

• I-Aluminiyam yeyona ntsimbi ininzi kakhulu kwi-crust yomhlaba, kodwa ayifumaneki ngendlela ecocekileyo.
• Ngokuqhelekileyo ifumaneka kwiiminerali ezifana ne-bauxite kunye nodongwe.
• I-Aluminiyam hydroxide (i-Al (OH) 3) yinto eqhelekileyo eyenza xa i-aluminiyam iphendula kunye nezisombululo ezinamanzi ezifana ne-potassium hydroxide (KOH).
• Phambi kwamanzi, i-aluminiyam yenza umaleko obhityileyo we-oksidi kumphezulu wayo, owukhuselayo kwi-corrosion eyongezelelekileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweAluminiyam

• I-Aluminiyam inoluhlu oluninzi lokusetyenziswa ngenxa yeempawu zayo, kubandakanya ukuba khaphukhaphu, yomelele, kwaye kulula ukusebenza ngayo.
• Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwakha kunye nokwakha, ukuthutha, ukupakisha kunye ne-electronics.
• I-Aluminiyam ifanelekile ukwenza iziqwenga ezibhityileyo, ezifana ne-foil, kunye neziqwenga ezinkulu, ezifana nezakhelo zokwakha.
• Ukukwazi ukuxuba i-aluminium kunye nezinye izinyithi kuvumela ukuveliswa kwee-alloys kunye neempawu ezithile, njengamandla kunye nokumelana nokubola.
• Iintsimbi ze-aluminium zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintambo zombane ngenxa ye-conductivity yazo efanelekileyo.

Imvelaphi yeAluminium: Yenzeka njani ngokwemvelo

• Ialuminiyam yeyona nto yesithathu ininzi kakhulu kuqweqwe loMhlaba, yenza malunga ne-8% yobunzima bayo.
• Linani eliphantsi leathom yento, enophawu uAl kunye nenani leathomu elingu-13.
• I-Aluminiyam ayifumanekanga ngendlela ecocekileyo kwindalo, kodwa kunoko idibene nezinye izinto kunye neekhompawundi.
• Kwenzeka kwiindidi ezininzi zamaminerali, kubandakanywa i-silicates kunye ne-oxides, kunye nefom ye-bauxite, umxube we-hydrated aluminium oxides.
• I-Bauxite ngowona mthombo we-aluminium, kwaye ifumaneka ngobuninzi kumazwe athile, kuquka i-Australia, iGuinea, neBrazil.
• I-aluminiyam iyenzeka kwakhona kumatye avuthayo njenge-aluminosilicates kwi-feldspars, feldspathoids, kunye ne-micas, kunye nomhlaba ophuma kuwo njengodongwe.
• Kwimozulu eyongezelelekileyo, ibonakala njenge-bauxite kunye ne-iron-rich lateite.

Inzululwazi ngasemva koLwakhiwo lweAluminiyam

• Ialuminiyam yenziwa kwinucleus yeenkwenkwezi ngokuhlangana kwe-fusion, kwaye ikhutshelwa emajukujukwini xa ezi nkwenkwezi zigqabhuka njenge supernovae.
• Iyakwazi ukuveliswa ngamanani amancinci ngokutshiswa kwezinto ezithile, ezifana ne-magnesium, phambi kwe-oxygen.
• Ialuminiyam yinto ezinzileyo, kwaye ayiqhekeki ngokulula okanye itshatyalaliswe ziikhemikhali.
• Yomelele kakhulu kwaye ikhaphukhaphu, iyenza ibe yimathiriyeli exabisekileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeAluminiyam kwiNdalo

• I-Aluminiyam ingabakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko apho ifunyenwe khona.
• Kwimo yayo yesinyithi, i-aluminium yinto eyomeleleyo, i-ductile, kunye ne-malleable esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso yoluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso.
• Inokuthi ibe khona ngendlela yeengqungquthela, ezifana ne-aluminium oxide (Al2O3), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-corundum okanye i-ruby.
• I-aluminiyamu yoMthonyama, apho i-elementi ifunyenwe ngendlela ecocekileyo, inqabile kakhulu kwaye ifumaneka kuphela kwiindawo ezimbalwa kwihlabathi jikelele, kubandakanya uMzantsi Merika kunye neGreenland.
• I-aluminium inokudityaniswa kunye nezinye izinto, ezifana ne-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini, ukwenza iikhompawundi ezifana ne-aluminium hydroxide (Al (OH) 3) kunye ne-aluminium oxide (Al2O3).

Ukusuka kwiMigodi ukuya kwiMveliso: Uhambo lweMveliso yeAluminiyam

• I-Bauxite yinto ephambili esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-aluminium
• Ifumaneka ngobuninzi kwiindawo ezishushu kunye neendawo ezishushu, ngakumbi eMzantsi Melika, eAfrika naseOstreliya
• I-Bauxite lilitye le-sedimentary eliqukethe umxube weeminerali, kuquka i-aluminium hydroxide, i-iron oxide, kunye ne-silica.
• Ukukhupha i-bauxite, iingcali zisebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-blasting, ebandakanya ukusebenzisa iziqhushumbisi ukususa umhlaba ongaphezulu kunye nomhlaba ukufikelela kwiidiphozithi ezityebileyo ezibekwe ngaphantsi.
• Ibauxite yombiwa ke igcinwa ize ithuthelwe kwindawo yokusulungekisa

Ukucokisa iBauxite ukuze ufumane iAlumina

• Inkqubo yokusulungekiswa iqala ngokucocwa kwe-bauxite ukuze kususwe nakuphi na ukungcola, okunjengodongwe nemigca yentsimbi nezinye iintsimbi ezinzima.
• I-bauxite ecociweyo igawulwe ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci kwaye yomiswe ukwenza umgubo owomileyo
• Le powder ifakwe kwi-tank enkulu, apho ixutywe kunye nohlobo oluthile lwe-caustic soda kwaye ishushu phantsi koxinzelelo
• Isiphumo sokusebenza kwemichiza kuvelisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-alumina, eyimathiriyeli emhlophe, engumgubo
• Emva koko ialumina iyagcinwa kwaye ithuthelwe kwisinyibilikisi sokunyibilikisa ukuze kuqhubeke ukusebenza

Ukunyibilikisa kweAlumina ukuVelisa iAluminiyam

• Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa ibandakanya ukuguqula i-alumina ibe yintsimbi ye-aluminiyam
• Indlela yangoku esetyenziswa kumazwe amaninzi ibandakanya inkqubo yeHolo-Heroult, equka amanyathelo amabini aphambili: ukucuthwa kwe-alumina kwi-aluminium oxide kunye ne-electrolysis ye-aluminium oxide ukuvelisa isinyithi se-aluminium.
• Ukunciphisa i-alumina ukuya kwi-aluminium oxide kubandakanya ukufudumeza i-alumina kunye ne-arhente yokunciphisa, njengekhabhoni, ukususa i-oksijini kunye nokuvelisa i-aluminium oxide.
• I-aluminiyam oxide iyanyibilika kwi-electrolyte etyhidiweyo kwaye ixhomekeke kumbane wangoku ukuvelisa isinyithi se-aluminiyam.
• Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa ifuna isixa esibalulekileyo samandla kwaye idla ngokubekwa kufutshane nemithombo yombane exabiso liphantsi, efana nezixhobo zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi.
• Isiphumo senkqubo yokunyibilikisa yimveliso yealuminiyam ekumgangatho ophezulu esetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi, kuquka ukwakhiwa, ukuthutha, nokupakishwa.

IAluminiyam: Isinyithi esiNyenyeneyo soluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo

Ialuminiyam sisinyithi esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi esinoluhlu lwezicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Yimathiriyeli ekhaphukhaphu, eyomeleleyo, kwaye ehlala ixesha elide ekulula ukusebenza nayo, iyenza ibe lukhetho oludumileyo kwizicelo ezininzi. Kweli candelo, siza kuphonononga usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo lwe-aluminiyam kunye neempawu ezenza ukuba ibe yimathiriyeli eguquguqukayo.

Izicelo kwiZakhiwo noKwakha

I-Aluminiyam lukhetho oludumileyo lolwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo ngenxa yokukhaphukhaphu kwayo kunye neempawu ezimelana nokugqwala. Ezinye zezona zicelo ziphambili ze-aluminiyam kwisakhiwo kunye nokwakha ziquka:

• Uphahla, ukugquma, kunye neefacade
• Iifestile, iingcango, kunye neevenkile
• hardware Architectural kunye balustrading
• Iinkqubo zokugalela amanzi kunye nokuhambisa amanzi
• I-Treadplate kunye nomgangatho woshishino

I-Aluminiyam ikwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwakhiweni kwezixhobo zemidlalo, ezifana nebala lemidlalo kunye neendawo, ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhaphukhaphu kunye nezizinzileyo.

Usetyenziso lwezeMveliso kunye noShishino

I-Aluminiyam isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumacandelo okuvelisa kunye nezoshishino ngenxa yeempawu zayo zomatshini kunye neekhemikhali. Ezinye zezona zicelo ziphambili ze-aluminium kwimveliso nakwishishini ziquka:

• Iintambo zokuhambisa umbane kunye namacandelo
• Ukwenziwa kweetoti zeziselo nokutya
• Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokupheka
• Amacandelo oshishino lwezothutho, kubandakanywa uloliwe kunye neemoto
• I-alloys yezicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso, kubandakanya i-catalysts kunye nezixhobo ezinganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion

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I-Aluminiyam ikwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengefoyile yokupakisha kunye nokugquma ngenxa yokukwazi ukuguqula ubushushu kunye nokuchasana kwamanzi kunye nokomisa.

Iingxube zeAluminiyam kunye nezicelo zazo

I-alloys ye-aluminiyam iveliswa ngama-agent alloying afana nobhedu, i-zinc, kunye ne-silicon ukuphucula i-metal mechanical and chemical properties. Ezinye zezona zinto ziqhelekileyo ze-aluminium alloys kunye nezicelo zazo ziquka:

• I-alloys esetyenzisiweyo- esetyenziswa ekwenzeni amacandelo ahlukeneyo ngenxa yamandla aphezulu kunye nokwakheka okulungileyo
• Ingxubevange ye-Cast-esetyenziswa ekwenzeni izinto ezintsonkothileyo ngenxa yobuchule bazo bokuphoswa kwiimilo ezintsonkothileyo
• I-Kynal- usapho lwealloys oluphuhliswe yiBritish Imperial Chemical Industries ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni imigca yokuhambisa umbane kunye namalungu.

IMarike yeHlabathi yeAluminiyam

Ialuminiyam yenye yezona zimbiwa zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi, ezinoluhlu lwezicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Imarike yehlabathi ye-aluminiyam ibalulekile, uninzi lwemveliso ye-aluminiyam evela eChina, ilandelwa yiRussia neCanada. Imfuno ye-aluminiyam kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokukhula, ngakumbi kwimizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye neyokwakha, njengoko imfuno yezinto ezikhaphukhaphu kunye neyokuhlala ikhula.

Ukusebenza ngeAluminiyam: Ubuchwephesha kunye neeNgcebiso

Xa kuziwa ekusebenzeni ngealuminium, kukho iindlela ezimbalwa kunye neengcebiso ezinokwenza inkqubo ibe lula kwaye isebenze ngakumbi:

• Ukusika: I-Aluminiyam inokusikwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iisarha, iishear, kunye nebhokisi lokusika elilula. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isixhobo esifanelekileyo somsebenzi kunye nokunyamekela ukuba ungonakalisi izinto eziphathekayo kwinkqubo.

• Ukugoba: Ialuminiyam yintsimbi ethambileyo, eyenza kube lula ukugoba nokumila ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ubuchule obufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukwenza umonakalo okanye ukushiya amanqaku angabonakaliyo.

• Ukudibanisa: I-Aluminiyam inokudityaniswa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukuwelda, ukudibanisa, kunye ne-soldering. Indlela nganye ineenzuzo zayo kunye nokungonakali, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo esithile.

• Ukugqiba: Ialuminiyam inokugqityezelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukupolisha, ukuthambisa, kunye nokupeyinta. Indlela nganye ineenzuzo zayo ezizodwa kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukudala iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zembonakalo kunye nokugqiba.

izicelo

IAluminiyam isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• Ulwakhiwo: I-Aluminiyam lukhetho oludumileyo lwezinto zokwakha ngenxa yamandla ayo, ukuqina, kunye neempawu ezikhaphukhaphu.

• Ukupheka: Ialuminiyam isoloko isetyenziswa kwi-cookware ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuqhuba ubushushu ngokukhawuleza nangokulinganayo.

• Ukudibanisa kweesekethe kunye neebhloko: I-Aluminiyam isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso yoqhagamshelwano lweesekethe kunye neebhloko ngenxa yokukwazi ukuqhuba umbane.

• Ukupakishwa: Ialuminiyam isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha, ezibandakanya iinkonkxa, iifoyile, kunye neebhokisi zamaqanda.

Impembelelo kokusiNgqongileyo

Ngelixa i-aluminiyam iyinto eninzi kakhulu kwaye iluncedo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ifuthe layo lokusingqongileyo. Ukuveliswa kwe-aluminiyam kufuna amandla amakhulu kwaye kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwindalo ukuba akwenziwanga ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule kunye neenkqubo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yokuveliswa kwe-aluminium kunye nokusetyenziswa.

Impembelelo yokusiNgqongileyo yeMveliso yeAluminiyam

Ialuminiyam yikhemikhali eyityhefu enokuba neziphumo eziyingozi kwi-ecosystem yasemanzini. Xa ikhutshelwe emanzini, inokubangela ukulahleka kwe-plasma- kunye ne-haemolymph ion kwiintlanzi kunye ne-invertebrates, ekhokelela kukusilela kwe-osmoregulatory. Oku kunokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kweentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukongeza, ukukhutshwa kokukhutshwa kwesulfuric ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-aluminiyam kunokukhokelela kwimvula eneasidi, eyonakalisa ngakumbi inkqubo yendalo yasemanzini.

Imixokomelwano yendalo esemhlabeni

Imveliso ye-aluminiyam nayo inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwizinto eziphilayo ezisemhlabeni. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kudla ngokuba yimfuneko ukwenza indawo yezityalo zokwenza i-aluminium, ekhokelela ekulahlekeni kwendawo yokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolisa umoya kusenokwenzakalisa impilo yoluntu olukufutshane kunye nezilwanyana zasendle. Ungcoliseko lomhlaba ngomnye umba, njengoko imichiza esetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso inokungena emhlabeni kwaye yenzakalise ubomi bezityalo.

isiphelo

Ke unayo, uninzi lokusetyenziswa kwealuminiyam kwaye kutheni iyimathiriyeli eluncedo. Yintsimbi ekhaphukhaphu enamandla amakhulu, iyenza igqibelele kulwakhiwo, uthutho, kunye nokupakishwa. Ngaphezu koko, ayinayo ityhefu kwaye ayiyo-magnetic, ngoko kukhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa. Ngoko musa ukoyika ukuyisebenzisa! Ungasoloko uyisebenzisa kwakhona xa ugqibile ngayo.

NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.