I-Fiberglass: IsiKhokelo esiGqibeleleyo kwiMbali yaso, iifom, kunye nezicelo

I-Fiberglass (okanye i-fibreglass) luhlobo lwefiber eyomeleziweyo yeplastiki apho ifayibha yokuqinisa ngokukodwa. iglasi ifayibha. Ifiber yeglasi isenokucwangciswa ngokungacwangciswanga kodwa iqhele ukulukwa kwimethi.

I-matrix yeplastiki inokuba yiplastiki yokubeka i-thermosetting-idla ngokuba yi-epoxy, i-polyester resin- okanye i-vinylester, okanye i-thermoplastic. Iintsinga zeglasi zenziwe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeglasi ngokuxhomekeke kusetyenziso lwefiberglass.

Ukuqhawula i-Fiberglass: I-Ins kunye ne-Outs yolu hlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic

I-Fiberglass, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-fibreglass, luhlobo lweplastiki eyomelezwe yifiber esebenzisa iintsinga zeglasi. Ezi ntsinga zinokucwangciswa ngokungenamkhethe, zibe mcaba zibe kwiphepha elibizwa ngokuba yimethi yomsonto osikiweyo, okanye elukwe ilaphu leglasi.

Ziziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeFiberglass?

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, i-fiberglass inokuba kwimo yeentsinga ezicwangciswe ngokungacwangciswanga, i-mat ye-strand enqunqiweyo, okanye elukwe ilaphu leglasi. Nalu ulwazi oluthe kratya kwinto nganye:

• Iintsinga ezicwangciswe ngokungacwangciswanga: Ezi fayibha zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukugquma kunye nezinye izicelo apho kufuneka iqondo eliphezulu lokuguquguquka.
• I-strand mat echotshiweyo: Eli liphepha le-fiberglass elithe lacandwa lacinezelwa. Ihlala isetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kwesikhephe kunye nezinye izicelo apho umphezulu ogudileyo ufunwa.
• Ilaphu leglasi elilukiweyo: Eli lilaphu elenziwe ngeentsinga zefiberglass ezilukwe kunye. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwizicelo apho iqondo eliphezulu lamandla lifuneka.

Ziziphi ezinye zezicelo eziqhelekileyo zeFiberglass?

I-Fiberglass isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• Ukwakhiwa kwephenyane
• Icandelo lezithuthi
• Izixhobo zomoya
• Amagqabi einjini yomoya
• Ukugquma kwesakhiwo
• Amadama okuqubha kunye neebhafu ezishushu
• Iibhodi zokusefa kunye nezinye izixhobo zemidlalo yamanzi

Uthini Umahluko phakathi kweCarbon Fiber kunye neFiberglass?

Ifayibha yeCarbon kunye ne-fiberglass zombini zintlobo zeplastiki eyomeleziweyo, kodwa kukho umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi zimbini:

• Ifayibha yeCarbon yomelele kwaye yomelele kunefiberglass, kodwa ikwabiza kakhulu.
• I-Fiberglass iguquguquka ngakumbi kune-carbon fiber, eyenza kube yinto engcono kakhulu kwizicelo apho kufuneka iqondo elithile lokuguquguquka.

IRecycled njani iFiberglass?

I-Fiberglass inokuphinda isetyenziswe, kodwa inkqubo inzima ngakumbi kunokuhlaziya ezinye izinto ezifana ne-aluminiyam okanye iphepha. Nazi iindlela ezimbalwa ezisetyenziswayo:

• Ukugaya: I-Fiberglass inokugutywa ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci kwaye isetyenziswe njengento yokuzalisa kwezinye iimveliso.
• I-Pyrolysis: Oku kubandakanya ukufudumeza i-fiberglass kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu xa kungekho oksijini. Iigesi ezibangelwayo zingasetyenziswa njengamafutha, kwaye izinto eziseleyo zingasetyenziswa njenge Isixhobo sokugcwalisa (nantsi indlela yokusebenzisa izihluzi).
• Ukurisayikilishwa koomatshini: Oku kubandakanya ukwaphula i-fiberglass ibe yinxenye yayo kwaye iphinde isetyenziswe ukwenza iimveliso ezintsha.

Imbali enomdla yeFiberglass

• I-Fiberglass yafunyanwa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 ngengozi xa umphandi waseCorning Glass Works wachitha iglasi etyhidiweyo esitovini kwaye waqaphela ukuba yenze iintsinga ezibhityileyo xa iphola.

• Umphandi, uDale Kleist, uphuhlise inkqubo yokwenza ezi fayibha kwaye inkampani yazithengisa njengenye indlela yeasbestos.

Ukuthengiswa kweFiberglass

• Ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini, i-fiberglass yayisetyenziselwa izixhobo zomkhosi ezifana neeradomes kunye neendawo zenqwelomoya.

• Emva kwemfazwe, i-fiberglass yathengiswa ukuze isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo eziquka iinqanawa zamaphenyane, iintonga zokuloba, kunye nemizimba yemoto.

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• Ukugqunywa kwe-fiberglass kwaphuhliswa ngeminyaka yoo-1930 kwaye kwakhawuleza kwaba lolona khetho ludumileyo lokugquma amakhaya nezakhiwo.

• Isasetyenziswa kakhulu nanamhla oku yaye ifumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zemvulophu yesakhiwo, kuquka iindonga, iisilingi, nophahla.

• Ukufakwa kwe-fiberglass kusebenza kakuhle ekunciphiseni ukulahleka kobushushu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwengxolo.

I-Fiberglass yimathiriyeli efanelekileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ngenxa yobunzima bayo, amandla aphezulu, kunye nokumelana okugqwesileyo kwamanzi kunye neekhemikhali. Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kweefom ze-fiberglass:

• Ukwakhiwa: I-Fiberglass isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwakhiweni kweempawu zayo ezigqwesileyo zokugquma kunye nokukwazi ukukhusela umonakalo wamanzi.

• Izikhongozeli: Izikhongozeli ze-Fiberglass zithandwa kushishino lokutya, njengoko zibonelela ngokhuseleko olugqwesileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweemveliso ezibuthathaka zokutya.

• Ukwakhiwa kwesikhephe: I-Fiberglass yinto eyaziwayo yokwakha isikhephe, ngenxa yobunzima bayo kunye namandla aphezulu.

• Amakhava: Izigqubuthelo ze-Fiberglass ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kushishino lokwakha ukukhusela izixhobo ezinovakalelo kwizinto.

• Amacandelo abunjiweyo: I-Fiberglass yinto efanelekileyo yokuvelisa izinto ezibunjiweyo, ngenxa yokukwazi ukuthatha iimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye neefom.

Ukudala iimveliso ze-Fiberglass: Inkqubo yokuvelisa

Ukwenza i-fiberglass, indibaniselwano yezinto eziluhlaza ezifana ne-silica, isanti, i-limestone, udongwe lwe-kaolin, kunye ne-dolomite ziyanyibilika eziko de zifikelele kwindawo yokunyibilika. Iglasi enyityilisiweyo ithi ke ikhutshelwe ngeebrashi ezincinci okanye iispinnerets ukuvelisa izinto ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba ziifilaments. Le micu idityaniswe kunye ukwenza imathiriyeli efana nelaphu enokubunjwa kuyo nayiphi na imilo enqwenelekayo.

Ukongezwa kweeResin

Ukwandisa ukusebenza kunye nokuqina kwe-fiberglass, izinto ezongezelelweyo ezifana ne-resins zongezwa ngexesha lokuvelisa. Ezi resins zixutywe kunye nemicu elukiweyo kwaye zibunjwe ngendlela oyifunayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-resin kuvumela ukwandisa amandla, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokuchasana nemozulu kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle.

UbuGcisa boMveliso obukwinqanaba eliphezulu

Ngobuchule obuphezulu bokwenza, i-fiberglass inokubunjwa ibe yimilo enkulu, iyenze ilungele ukwakha iimveliso ezintsha. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-fiberglass mats kuvumela ukudala ukukhanya kunye nemveliso ehlala ixesha elide enokuthi ihambelane noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Inkqubo yokuvelisa inokunqunyulwa ukuze ihambelane nesimo esifunwayo kunye nobukhulu bemveliso, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokutshintshwa kwezinto ezikhoyo.

I-Versatility ye-Fiberglass Applications

I-Fiberglass yimathiriyeli ekhaphukhaphu kwaye ehlala ixesha elide eye yanda kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa. Iquka iintsinga zeglasi ezidityaniswe nepolymer ukwenza imathiriyeli eyomeleleyo neguquguqukayo enokuthi isetyenziswe kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

IFayibha yeCarbon kunye nePlastiki eyomelezwe ngeglasi vs iFiberglass: iDabi leFibers.

Masiqale ngezinye iinkcazo. I-Fiberglass yimpahla edibeneyo eyenziwe nge-fiber glass fibers kunye nesiseko se-polymer, ngelixa i-carbon fiber yinto edibeneyo eyenziwe nge-carbon fibers kunye nesiseko se-polymer. Iplastiki eqiniswe ngeglasi (GRP) okanye iplastiki ye-fiberglass-reinforced (FRP) yinto edibeneyo eyenziwe nge-polymer matrix eqiniswe ngeefiber zeglasi. Zombini i-carbon fiber kunye ne-glass-reinforced plastic ziifom ze-composites, oku kuthetha ukuba zenziwe ngokudibanisa izinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo ukuze zenze into entsha kunye nezixhobo eziphezulu zemishini.

Amandla kunye nobunzima bomlinganiselo

Xa kuziwa kumandla, i-carbon fiber inamandla kumlinganiselo wobunzima ngokuphindwe kabini kune-fiberglass. Ifayibha yekhabhoni yeshishini ingaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-20 yomelele kuneyona fiberglass ibalaseleyo, iyenza ibe yeyona nto ilawulayo kumashishini apho amandla kunye nobunzima zizinto ezibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-fiberglass iselukhetho oludumileyo kwizicelo apho iindleko ziyinkxalabo enkulu.

Imveliso kunye nokuQinisa

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwefayibha yekhabhoni ibandakanya ukunyibilika kunye nokusonta izinto ezityebileyo ngekhabhoni zibe ziintsinga, ezithi ke zidityaniswe nepolymer elulwelo ukuququzelela ukwenziwa kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo. Kwelinye icala, i-fiberglass yenziwe ngokuluka okanye ngokubeka iimethi zeglasi okanye amalaphu kwi-mold emva koko yongeza i-polymer elulwelo ukwenza lukhuni izinto. Zombini izixhobo zinokuqiniswa ngeentsinga ezongezelelweyo zokwandisa amandla kunye nokuqina.

Utshintshiselwano kunye neePropati

Ngelixa i-carbon fiber kunye ne-fiberglass zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo, zineempawu ezahlukeneyo zomatshini. Ifayibha yekhabhoni yomelele kwaye yomelele kunefiberglass, kodwa iphinde ibebunkunkqele kwaye iyabiza. I-Fiberglass, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iguquguqukayo kwaye ingabizi kakhulu kune-carbon fiber, kodwa ayinamandla kangako. Iplastiki eqiniswe ngeglasi iwela kwindawo ethile phakathi kwezi zimbini ngokwamandla kunye neendleko.

I-Recycling Fiberglass: Enye indlela eluhlaza kwiiMfuno eziQiqisayo

I-Fiberglass yimathiriyeli eyomeleleyo kwaye eyomeleleyo enokumelana nobushushu, amanzi kunye neekhemikhali. Lukhetho oludumileyo lokugquma, izikhephe, iimoto kunye nolwakhiwo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kufikwa ekulahleni i-fiberglass endala, akukho lula kangako. I-Fiberglass yenziwe ngeplastiki kunye neentsinga zeglasi, ezingenakubola. Ukuba ayiphathwa kakuhle, inokukhuphela ityhefu kwindawo engqongileyo ize yenzakalise izilwanyana zasendle nakubantu.

Inkqubo yokuRecycling iFiberglass

Ukurisayikilisha i-fiberglass kuthatha inkqubo ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-thermal recycling. I-fiberglass ishushu kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, eliguqula i-organic compounds kwi-plastiki ibe yigesi. Le gesi iyaqokelelwa kwaye icocwe ukuze ivelise zombini igesi neoli. Irhasi iyafana nerhasi yendalo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa amafutha. I-oyile ingasetyenziselwa indawo ye-oyile ekrwada kwezinye iimveliso.

IMveliso eSebenzayo yokuphela

I-fiberglass esetyenzisiweyo inokusetyenziswa njengenye indlela yefiberglass entsha kwizicelo ezininzi. Ingasetyenziselwa ukwakha izikhephe, iimoto, namakhaya. Ingasetyenziselwa ukugquma, iindonga zolwandle, kunye nezinye iimfuno ezikhethekileyo. I-fiberglass esetyenzisiweyo yomelele kwaye yomelele, njenge-fiberglass entsha, kodwa iluhlaza kwaye izinzileyo.

IBango leBhiliyoni lePonti

Ngokutsho kwewebhusayithi ye-Fiberglass Recycling, abavelisi baseMntla Melika kunye nezikhululo zokudluliselwa kweCanada kunye namaziko okurisayikilisha bamkela i-postconsumer fiberglass, kubandakanya izikhephe ezindala, iimoto kunye ne-styrofoam. Iwebhusayithi ithi baphinda basebenzise ngaphezulu kwebhiliyoni yeeponti zefiberglass ngonyaka. Lo ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo onceda ukunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokukhusela okusingqongileyo.

isiphelo

Ke, i-fiberglass yimathiriyeli eyenziwe ngemicu yeglasi, esetyenziselwa izinto ezahlukeneyo. Yomelele, ikhaphukhaphu, kwaye iyamelana namanzi, kwaye kudala ikhona. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyazi ngakumbi malunga nayo.

NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.