Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sejenereyitha yedizili: izinto kunye nokusetyenziswa

Ijenereyitha ye-diesel yenziwe nge-injini ye-diesel kunye umenzi wombane ukuvelisa umbane amandla.

Yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusebenzisa idizili, kodwa ezinye iintlobo zejenreyitha zisebenzisa ezinye izinto zokubasa, irhasi, okanye zombini (ukusebenza kwe-bi-petroli). Njengoko uza kubona, siza kuthetha ngeentlobo ezi-3 zejenreyitha, kodwa sigxile kwidizili.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iijenereyitha zedizili zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezingadibananga kwigridi yamandla kwaye ngamanye amaxesha njengokubuyiselwa kwamandla xa kucinyiwe.

Kwakhona, iijenreyitha zisetyenziswa ezikolweni, ezibhedlele, kwizakhiwo zorhwebo, kunye nakwimigodi apho zibonelela ngamandla afunekayo ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo ezinobunzima.

Indibaniselwano yeinjini, umbane wenkunkuma, kunye nezinye izinto zomenzi wenkunkuma kubhekiswa kuzo njengokwenza iseti yokuvelisa okanye iseti yegen.

Abavelisi bedizili bakhona ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni. Umzekelo, kwizicelo ezincinci ezinje ngamakhaya kunye neeofisi, zisusela kwi-8kW ukuya kwi-30Kw.

Kwimeko yezicelo ezikhulu ezinje ngeefektri, ubungakanani buyahluka ukusuka kwi-80kW ukuya ku-2000Kw.

Yintoni umvelisi wedizili?

Kwelona nqanaba lisisiseko, ijenereyitha yedizili yiGenset yedizili eyenziwe ngokudityaniswa kwenjini yedizili kunye nejenereyitha yombane okanye yombane.

Esi sixhobo sibaluleke kangaka senza umbane ukuba usebenze nantoni na ngexesha lokucinywa kombane okanye kwiindawo ekungekho mbane kuzo.

Kutheni le nto idizili isetyenziswa kwiijenreyitha?

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Idizili isengumthombo wamafutha owonga iindleko. Ngokubanzi, idizili inexabiso eliphakame kancinci kunepetroli, nangona kunjalo, inenzuzo ngaphezulu kweminye imithombo yamafutha.

Unobuninzi bamandla aphezulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba amandla amaninzi anokutsalwa kwidizili kunepetroli.

Kwiimoto nakwezinye iimoto, oku kuguqulela kwi-mileage ephezulu. Ke, ngetanki elipheleleyo leedizili, unokuqhuba ixesha elide kunexabiso elifanayo lepetroli.

Ngamafutshane, idizili ixabisa ngakumbi kwaye inokusebenza okuphezulu okupheleleyo.

Umvelisi wedizili uwenza njani umbane?

Umvelisi wedizili uguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngumbane. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-generator ayenzi mandla ombane kodwa isebenza njengejelo lombane.

Isebenza ngokufanayo kwimpompo yamanzi evumela kuphela ukuba kudlule amanzi.

Okokuqala, umoya uyathathwa kwaye uvuthelwe kumvelisi wenkunkuma de ube ucinezelekile. Emva koko, kufakwa idizili.

Umdibaniso womoya kunye nenaliti yezibaso kubangela ubushushu obuthi emva koko bubangele ukuba isibane sikhanyise. Lo ngumbono osisiseko wenkunkuma yedizili.

Ukushwankathela, umvelisi usebenza ngokutsha kwedizili.

Athini amacandelo elenza idizili kwaye asebenza njani?

Makhe sihlolisise onke amacandelo umvelisi idizili kwaye yintoni indima yabo.

i. Injini

Inxalenye yejenereyitha iyafana nakwinjini yesithuthi kwaye isebenza njengomthombo wamandla oomatshini. Elona zinga liphezulu lokuvelisa umbane elinokuveliswa linxulumene ngqo nobukhulu benjini.

ii. I alternator

Eli licandelo lomvelisi wedizili oguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngumbane. Umgaqo osebenzayo we-alternator uyafana nenkqubo echazwe nguMichael Faraday ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba.

Umgaqo ubambe ukuba umbane unyanzeliswa kumqhubi wombane xa ugqitha kumazibuthe. Le nkqubo ibangela ukuba ii-electron zihambe ngombane wombane.

Isixa sezinto ezikhoyo ngoku silingana ngokuthe ngqo kumandla ombane. Zimbini izinto eziphambili zenguquko. Zisebenza kunye ukwenza intshukumo phakathi kwabaqhubi kunye nemagnethi yokuvelisa amandla ombane;

(a) IStator

Iqulethe iikhoyili ze umbhexeshi wombane wenzakele kumbindi wentsimbi.

(b) Irotha

Ivelisa amandla emagnethi ajikeleze i-stator yokunciphisa umahluko wevolthi evelisa enye ngoku (A / C).

Kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uzithathele ingqalelo ngelixa useta enye into, kubandakanya:

(a) Ezezindlu

Isitshixo sesinyithi somelele ngakumbi kunesingxobo seplastiki.

Ngaphandle koko, istili seplastikhi sikhubazekile kwaye sinokuveza izinto ekukhuliseni ukonakala kunye nomngcipheko kumsebenzisi.

(b) Iibhere

Iibheringi zebhola zihlala ixesha elide kuneebheringi zenaliti.

(c) Iibrashi

Uyilo lwebrashi luvelisa amandla acocekileyo kwaye kulula ukulugcina kunalawo aneebrashi.

iii. Inkqubo yezibaso

Itanki yezibaso kufuneka yanele ukubamba amafutha phakathi kweeyure ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo zokusebenza.

Kwiyunithi encinci okanye ephathekayo, itanki yinxalenye yomvelisi kwaye imiselwe ngaphandle iijenreyitha ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukufakelwa kwamatanki angaphandle kufuna ukwamkelwa okuyimfuneko. Inkqubo yamafutha iqulethe ezi zinto zilandelayo;

(a) Umbhobho wokubonelela

Lo ngumbhobho odibanisa itanki yamafutha kwiinjini.

(b) Umbhobho wokungenisa umoya

Umbhobho wokungenisa umoya uthintela uxinzelelo kunye nokucoca ulwakhiwo xa uzalisa kwakhona okanye ukhupha itanki.

(c) Umbhobho ophuphumayo

Lo mbhobho uthintela ukuchitheka kwamafutha kwiseti yomvelisi xa uyigcwalisa.

(d) Impompo

Ihambisa amafutha ukusuka kwitanki yokugcina iye kwitanki yokusebenza.

(e) Isihluzo sepetroli

Icebo lokucoca ulwahlula ipetroli emanzini kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela umhlwa okanye ungcoliseko.

(f) Isitofu

Ukufafaza ipetroli ukuya kwisilinda apho kusitsha khona.

iv. Umbane ombane

Umlawuli wevolthi yinto ebalulekileyo yomvelisi. Eli candelo lilawula umbane wokuphuma. Ngapha koko, ukulawulwa kwamandla ombane yinkqubo enobunzima yokujikeleza eqinisekisa ukuba amandla ombane alingana nomthamo wokusebenza.

Kule mihla, uninzi lwezixhobo zombane zixhomekeke kunikezelo lwamandla oluzinzileyo. Ngaphandle kwesilawuli, amandla ombane awuzukuzinza ngenxa yesantya senjini, ngenxa yoko umvelisi akasebenzi kakuhle.

v. Inkqubo yokupholisa nokukhupha

(a) Inkqubo yokupholisa

Ngaphandle kwamandla oomatshini, umvelisi uvelisa ubushushu obuninzi. Ukupholisa kunye neenkqubo zokungenisa umoya zisetyenziselwa ukurhoxisa ubushushu obugqithisileyo.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesipholisi ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa idizili ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo. Umzekelo, amanzi ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziselwa iijenreyitha ezincinci okanye iijenreyitha ezinkulu ezingaphezu kwe-2250kW.

Nangona kunjalo, i-hydrogen isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiijenereyitha ezininzi kuba ibamba ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo kunezinye izinto zokupholisa. Iiradiator eziqhelekileyo kunye nabalandeli ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa njengeenkqubo zokupholisa ngakumbi kwizicelo zokuhlala.

Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke umvelisi kwindawo eyaneleyo yokungenisa umoya ukuqinisekisa ukubakho komoya opholileyo.

(b) Inkqubo yokukhupha

Ngokufana nenjini yesithuthi, umvelisi wedizili ukhupha imichiza eyingozi efana nekhabhon monoksidi ekufuneka ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo. Inkqubo yokukhupha iqinisekisa ukuba iigesi eziyityhefu ezivelisiweyo zilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abonzakaliswa ngumsi onetyhefu wokukhupha umsi.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, imibhobho yokukhupha yenziwe ngentsimbi, isamente kunye nentsimbi eyenziweyo. Azincanyathiselwanga kwiinjini ukunciphisa ukungcangcazela.

vi. Inkqubo yokuthambisa

Umvelisi uquka ukushukuma kwezinto ezifuna ukuthambisa ukuze zisebenze kakuhle kwaye zomelele. Impompo yeoyile kunye nedama eliqhotyoshelwe kwi-injini ngokuzenzekelayo zisebenzisa ioyile. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge inqanaba leoyile rhoqo emva kweeyure ezisibhozo zokusebenza uqinisekisa ukuba kukho ioyile eyaneleyo. Ngeli xesha, qiniseka ukuba ujonga nakuphi na ukuvuza.

vii. Itshaja yebhetri

Umvelisi wedizili uxhomekeke kwibhetri ukuqala ukusebenza. Itshaja zentsimbi engenasici zenza ukuba ibhetri igcwaliswe ngokwaneleyo ngombane odadayo ovela kumvelisi. Isixhobo sisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye asifuni uhlengahlengiso olwenziwe ngesandla. Akufanele uphazamisane nale nxalenye yezixhobo.

viii. Iphaneli yokulawula

Olu lujongano lomsebenzisi apho i-generator ilawulwa khona kwaye isebenza kuyo. Iimpawu zepaneli nganye yolawulo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumenzi. Ezinye zeempawu ezisemgangathweni zibandakanya;

(a) iqhosha lokucima / ukucima

Iqhosha lokuqala linokuba sisandla, ngokuzenzekelayo okanye zombini. Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo lokuqalisa ngokuzenzekelayo luqala ukusebenza komvelisi xa kukho ukungabikho. Kananjalo, iyayivala imisebenzi xa umvelisi engasebenzi.

(b) Izilinganisi zeenjini

Bonisa iiparameter ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngeqondo lobushushu lesipholisi, isantya sokujikeleza, njl.

(c) Izilinganisi zejeneretha

Ibonisa umlinganiso weangoku, ombane, kunye nokusebenza kwamaxesha. Olu lwazi lubalulekile kuba imiba yevolthi inokonakalisa umvelisi kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba awuzukufumana ukuhamba kwamandla rhoqo.

ix. Isakhelo sendibano

Zonke iijenreyitha zinendawo yokungena manzi egcina zonke izinto kunye kwaye ibonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nenkxaso kulwakhiwo. Ukuqukumbela, umvelisi wedizili uguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngumbane. Oku kusebenza ngomgaqo wokungeniswa kombane ngombane, ngaloo ndlela unikezela amandla xa kufuneka njalo.

Zingaphi iindidi zejenereyitha ezikhoyo?

Zintathu iindidi zejenereyitha zeedizili onokuzithenga.

1. Iyaphatheka

Olu hlobo lomvelisi olunokuhanjiswa lungahanjwa endleleni ukuya naphi na apho lufuneka khona. Nazi iimpawu ngokubanzi zabavelisi abaphathwayo:

• ukuqhuba umbane, olu hlobo lwejenreyitha lusebenzisa injini yokutsha
• inokufakwa kwisokethi kwizixhobo zombane okanye izixhobo zombane
• ungayifaka ngocingo kwizibonelelo ezingaphantsi
• zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikude
• ayenzi amandla amaninzi, kodwa ivelisa ngokwaneleyo ukuqhuba izixhobo ezifana neTV okanye ifriji
• ilungele ukunika amandla izixhobo ezincinci kunye nezibane
• ungasebenzisa irhuluneli elawula isantya senjini
• ihlala ibaleka kwenye indawo malunga nama-3600 rpm

2. Ijenereyitha ye-Inverter

Olu hlobo lomvelisi luvelisa amandla e-AC. Injini iqhagamshelwe kwenye i-alternator kwaye ivelisa olu hlobo lwamandla e-AC. Emva koko isebenzisa isilungisi esiguqula amandla e-AC kwi-DC yamandla. Nazi iimpawu zomvelisi onje:

• umvelisi we-inverter usebenzisa iimagnethi eziphezulu ukusebenza
• yakhiwe kusetyenziswa isekethe ehambele phambili ye-elektroniki
• xa ivelisa umbane ihamba ngamanyathelo amathathu
• ibonelela ngezixhobo ngokuhamba rhoqo kombane ngoku
• le generator inamandla ngakumbi kuba isantya senjini siyazilungelelanisa ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bamandla afunekayo
• i-AC inokusekwa kumbane ombane okanye ubude obukhethileyo
• ezi jenreyitha zilula kwaye zihambelana oko kuthetha ukuba zingena ngokulula kwisithuthi sakho

Isishwankathelo, i-inverter generator yenza amandla e-AC, ayiguqulele kumandla e-DC, emva koko ayibuyisele kwi-AC kwakhona.

3. Ijenali yokulinda

Indima yale generator kukubonelela ngombane ngexesha lokucima kombane okanye ukucima kombane. Inkqubo yombane inesitshintshi sombane esizenzekelayo esiyalela ukuba sivule ukuze sisebenzise isixhobo ngexesha lokucima kombane. Ngokwesiqhelo, izibhedlele zinejenereta yogcino ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zigcina zisebenza kakuhle ngexesha lokucima kombane. Nazi iimpawu zomvelisi wokulinda:

• Olu hlobo lomvelisi lusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokuvula okanye ukucima
• inika umthombo wamandla ngokusisigxina njengokukhusela ekuphumeni kombane
• ezenziwe ngezinto ezimbini: okokuqala, kukho i-generator yokulinda elawulwa yinto yesibini ebizwa ngokuba ngumtshintshi wokutshintshela ngokuzenzekelayo
• inokusebenza ngerhasi-yerhasi yendalo okanye ipropane engamanzi
• isebenzisa i-injini yokutsha ngaphakathi
• iyakuqonda ukulahleka kwamandla kwimizuzwana kwaye iqale ukusebenza yodwa
• isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinkqubo yokhuseleko lwezinto ezinjengezifakwayo, izibhedlele, kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela umlilo

Yimalini esebenzisa umvelisi wenkunkuma ngeyure?

Ubungakanani bamandla asetyenziswa ngumvelisi kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bomvelisi, obalwe kwi-KW. Kananjalo, kuxhomekeke kumthwalo wesixhobo. Nantsi isampulu yokusetyenziswa kwedatha yeyure.

• Ubungakanani beJenereta encinci 60KW isebenzisa 4.8 iilitha / hr kwi-100% yokulayisha
• Ubungakanani obuphakathi beGenerator engu-230KW isebenzisa iilitha ezingama-16.6 / hr kwi-100% yomthwalo
• Ubungakanani beJenereta 300KW isebenzisa iilitha ezingama-21.5 / hr kwi-100% yokulayisha
• Ubungakanani beGenerator enkulu 750KW isebenzisa i-53.4gallons / hr kwi-100% yomthwalo

Ngaba umvelisi wedizili angasebenza ngokuqhubekayo?

Ngelixa likho inani elichanekileyo, uninzi lwejenereyitha zeedizili zinobomi bexesha lokusebenza naphi na phakathi kwe-10,000 ukuya kwi-30,000 yeeyure, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobungakanani.

Ngokusebenza okuqhubekayo, kuxhomekeke kumvelisi wakho wokulinda. Uninzi lwabenzi bejenreyitha bacebisa ukuba usebenze umvelisi wakho malunga neeyure ezingama-500 ngexesha (ngokuqhubekayo).

Oku kuguqulela malunga neeveki ezintathu okanye ezingasetyenziswanga, okubaluleke kakhulu kuthetha ukuba unokuba kwindawo ekude ngaphandle kokukhathazeka phantse inyanga.

Ulondolozo lwejenereta

Ngoku ukuba uyazi ukuba isebenza njani i-generator, kuya kufuneka uyazi iingcebiso ezisisiseko zokugcina umvelisi wedizili.

Okokuqala, kufuneka ulandele ishedyuli yolondolozo olucetyiswayo ngumenzi.

Qiniseka ukuba uthathe umvelisi ukuba ahlolwe kube kanye. Oku kuthetha ukuba bajonge nakuphi na ukuvuza, jonga ioyile kunye nenqanaba lesipholisi, kwaye ujonge amabhanti kunye nethumbu lokunxiba nokukrazuka.

Ukongeza, bahlala bejonga iiterminal zebhetri yejenreyitha kunye neentambo kuba ezi zonakala ngexesha.

Ngokunjalo, umvelisi wakho ufuna utshintsho lweoyile rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukuko kunye nokusebenza ngokukuko.

Umzekelo, umvelisi ongalondolozwanga kakuhle akasebenzi kakuhle kwaye usebenzisa ipetroli eninzi, ethi yona idle imali eninzi.

Umvelisi wakho wedizili osisiseko ufuna utshintsho lweoyile emva kweeyure zokusebenza ezili-100.

Yintoni inzuzo yomvelisi wedizili?

Njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, ukugcinwa komvelisi wedizili kubiza ixabiso elincinci kunerhasi. Ngokunjalo, abavelisi bafuna ulondolozo oluncinci kunye nokulungiswa.

Esona sizathu siphambili kukuba umvelisi wedizili akanazo iiplagi kunye neekhabhathi. Ke ngoko, awudingi ukubuyisela ezo zinto zibiza kakhulu.

Le generator iluncedo kuba ngowona mthombo wamandla wokugcina uthembekileyo. Ke ngoko kubalulekile kwizibhedlele umzekelo.

Iijenreyitha kulula ukuzigcina xa kuthelekiswa negesi. Kwangokunjalo, banikezela ngombane ongagungqiyo kwaye ungaphazanyiswa xa umbane usilela.

Ukuqukumbela, sicebisa ukuba ufumane umvelisi wedizili. Yinto ekufuneka uyenzile ukuba uya kwiindawo ezingenawo amandla ombane okanye ukhe ucinywe rhoqo.

Ezi zixhobo ziluncedo olukhulu ekuphuculeni izixhobo zakho. Kananjalo, ziyasebenza kwaye zibiza iindleko.

Ufunde kwakhona: ezi zibhanti zezixhobo zilungile kumagcisa amateur kunye neengcali

NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.