IMarble 101: Izinto eziluncedo, iMveliso, kunye neeNgcebiso zokuCoca oFumana Uzazi

Ibhastile: Ilitye elinobunewunewu neliguquguqukayo eliye laxatyiswa kangangeenkulungwane. Ukususela kwiTaj Mahal ukuya kuDavid kaMichelangelo, ilitye lebhastile lisetyenzisiwe ukwenza ezona zakhiwo zibalaseleyo zehlabathi kunye nemisebenzi yobugcisa.

Ibhastile lilitye le-metamorphic elingena-foliated elenziwe ngamaminerali e-carbonate ehlaziyiweyo, edla ngokuba yi-calcite okanye i-dolomite. Izazi ngokuma komhlaba zisebenzisa igama elithi “ibhastile” xa zibhekisela kwilitye likalika eliguquguqukayo; nangona kunjalo, abenzi bamatye basebenzisa eli gama ngokubanzi ukubandakanya i-limestone engaguqukiyo. Ibhastile liqhele ukusetyenziselwa imizobo nanjengesixhobo sokwakha.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga imvelaphi, iipropathi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwale nto ingaphelelwa lixesha.

Imvelaphi yeMarble: Ukulandela iLizwi kunye neLiwa

• Igama elithi “marble” lithatyathwe kwigama lesiGrike elithi “marmaros,” elithetha “ilitye elibengezelayo.”
• Isiqu seli gama sikwasisiseko sesichazi sesiNgesi esithi “marmoreal,” esibhekisela kwinto efana nebhastile, okanye umntu othe qelele njengomfanekiso oqingqiweyo webhastile.
• Igama lesiFrentshi eliguqulelwe ngokuthi ibhastile, “marbre,” lifana ngokusondeleyo nokhokho walo wesiNgesi.
• Igama elithi “ibhastile” lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisela kuhlobo oluthile lwelitye, kodwa ekuqaleni lalibhekisela kulo naliphi na ilitye elifana nelitye lenyengane.
• Isenzi esithi “marbleize” kucetyiswa ukuba sisuka kwimfano yepateni eyisiphumo ukuya kwelo lebhastile.

Ubume beMarble

• Ibhastile lilitye lemetamorphic eliqhele ukwenziwa ngecalcium carbonate, eyona minerali iphambili kwilimestone kunye ne dolomite.
• I-marble inokuquka ukungcola okufana nentsimbi, i-chert, kunye ne-silica, enokuthi ibangele i-swirls enemibala, i-veins, kunye neengqimba.
• Umbala webhastile unokwahluka ngokubanzi, ukusuka kumhlophe ukuya kuluhlaza, kuxhomekeke kubukho bobu kungcola.
• Iinkozo zeeminerali kwi-marble zivame ukudibanisa, okubangela ukuthungwa kweempawu kunye nezakhiwo eziguqulwa ngokuguqulwa kwakhona phantsi koxinzelelo olunzulu kunye nobushushu.

Imozulu yeMarble

• Ibhastile lilitye lentlenga elinokuchaphazeleka kwimeko yemozulu kunye nokhukuliseko.
• Ukubunjwa okuguquguqukayo kwemarble kubangela ukuba imozulu ihluke ngokuxhomekeke kukungcola kwayo kunye neepateni zokubuyisela kwakhona.
• Ibhastile linokugutyungelwa ziikhemikhali ngenxa yemvula eneasidi okanye ukhukuliseko olusuka emoyeni nasemanzini.
• Ibhastile elinesimo sezulu linokuphuhlisa uphawu lwepatina okanye ukuthungwa komphezulu oxatyiswa ngexabiso lobuhle bayo.

IGeology yeMarble: Ukusuka kwiSedimentary Rock ukuya kwiMetamorphic Wonder

Ibhastile lilitye le-metamorphic elenza xa i-limestone okanye i-dolomite ibonakaliswe kubushushu obunamandla kunye noxinzelelo. Le nkqubo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-metamorphism, ibangela ukuba iinkozo zokuqala zeminerali ziphinde zihlangane kwaye zihlangane, okukhokelela kwilitye elixineneyo nelihlala ixesha elide. Iminerali ephambili kwimarble yi calcite, ekwafumaneka kwilimestone kunye namanye amatye ecarbonate.

Iimpawu zeMarble

Ibhastile ngokwesiqhelo yenziwe ngeekristale zecalcite ezilinganayo, eziyenza ibe mhlophe okanye inkangeleko enombala okhanyayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukungcola okufana nentsimbi, i-chert, kunye ne-silica kunokubangela ukuhluka kombala kunye nokuthungwa. Ibhastile lihlala linezinto ezijikelezayo kunye nemithambo, ezisisiphumo sokwenziwa kwakhona kwekristale kunye nezakhiwo eziguqulweyo. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zaziwayo zebhastile ziquka iCarrera, iChilemarble, kunye neNyoka eluhlaza.

Intsingiselo yemarble: Ukusuka kwiilwimi zamandulo ukuya kusetyenziso lwangoku

Igama elithi “marble” lisuka kwelesiGrike elithi μάρμαρον okanye μάρμαρος, elithetha “ilitye elibengezelayo.” Isenzi esithi μαρμαίρω (marmaírō) sikwathetha “ukukhanya,” nto leyo ebonisa ukuba imvelaphi yeli gama inokuvela kwisinyanya solwimi lwesiGrike. Eli gama lifana ngokusondeleyo nelesiFrentshi namanye amagama aseYurophu egama lebhastile, elikwabonisa imvelaphi efanayo. Ibhastile lisetyenziswe kangangeenkulungwane kwizakhiwo nakwimizobo eqingqiweyo, ukusuka kwiLakeside Pavilion eTshayina kwiBhotwe lasehlotyeni ukuya eTaj Mahal eIndiya.

Ubume beMarble

Imarble lilitye eliguquguqukayo elinokuchatshazelwa yimozulu kunye nezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo. Ikwaxhomekeke kwi-recrystallization kunye nezinye iinkqubo ze-geological ezinokubangela utshintsho kwi-texture kunye nombala. Uxinzelelo olumandla kunye nobushushu obufunekayo ekwenzeni ilitye lebhastile lithetha ukuba lilitye elinqabileyo nelinexabiso. Nangona kunjalo, ikwayinto yokwakha eyaziwayo ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye nesibheno sobuhle.

IMarble: Ngakumbi kuneLiwa Elihle nje

Ibhastile lilitye elixatyiswe kakhulu kulwakhiwo kunye neenjongo zokwakha ngenxa yeempawu zalo ezizodwa. Nazi ezinye iindlela asetyenziswa ngazo ibhastile kulwakhiwo nolwakhiwo:

• Iibhloko ezinkulu zebhastile zisetyenziselwa ukwakha iziseko kunye nokugaywa komgaqo kaloliwe.
• Ibhastile lisetyenziselwa zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle iifacade zezakhiwo, kunye nomgangatho kunye nomphezulu wetafile.
• Ibhastile lisezantsi kwiporosity, elivumela ukuba lixhathise umonakalo wamanzi kwaye liguge ngenxa yemvula kunye nezinye iimeko zemozulu.
• Ibhastile lenziwe ngecalcium carbonate, nto leyo eyenza kube lukhetho lwezoqoqosho kulwakhiwo kunye nemveliso yokwakha.
• Ibhastile likwaluncedo kwilitye elityumziweyo kunye nomgubo wecalcium carbonate, enokusetyenziswa njengesongezelelo kwezolimo nanjengekhemikhali yokuqaqambisa kwishishini lemichiza.

Izikhumbuzo kunye neMifanekiso eqingqiweyo

Ibhastile nalo lixatyiswe ngenkangeleko yalo kwaye lisoloko lisetyenziselwa izikhumbuzo nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Nazi ezinye iindlela apho ibhastile lisetyenziselwa iinjongo zobugcisa:

• Ibhastile lifumaneka kuluhlu lwemibala, kuquka emhlophe, epinki, kunye nebhastile yaseTennessee, evumela abakroli ukuba benze imifanekiso eqingqiweyo efana nobomi.
• Ibhastile linophawu olukhazimlayo oluvumela ukukhanya kungene kangangeemilimitha eziliqela elityeni ngaphambi kokuba lusasazeke, nto leyo ephumela kwinkangeleko efana nobomi.
• Imarble yenziwe nge calcite, enesalathiso esiphakamileyo se-refraction kunye ne-isotropy, eyenza ukuba imelane nokunxiba kunye nokukrazula.
• Imarble inokufudunyezwa kwaye iphathwe ngeasidi ukwenza umgubo onokuthi usetyenziswe njengezongezelelo kwezolimo okanye ukuthothisa kunye nokulungisa umhlaba oneasidi.

Ukusetyenziswa okuqaphelekayo kwemarble

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Ibhastile liye lasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi eziphawulekayo kwimbali. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

• Iziko leGetty eLos Angeles, eCalifornia, linxibe ibhastile elimhlophe elisuka eGeorgia.
• ISikhumbuzo saseLincoln eWashington, DC, saqingqwa kwimarble emhlophe nguDaniel Chester French.
• IKline Biology Tower kwiYunivesithi yaseYale yenziwe ngemabhile epinki yaseTennessee.
• Imimandla yeRice Terraces yakwiiPhilippines yakhiwa kusetyenziswa ibhastile ukunciphisa ubumuncu bomhlaba.
• Ukuqhuba ukuya kwiMill Mountain Star eRoanoke, eVirginia, kugalelwe ngelitye lenyengane ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwecarbon dioxide kunye neoksidi ezimotweni.

Kutheni ii-Marble Countertops ziLongezo olugqibeleleyo kwiKhitshi yakho

Ibhastile lilitye lendalo elizisa inkangeleko eyodwa kunye nobutofotofo kulo naliphi na ikhitshi. Ukujikeleza kwayo okungwevu okuthambileyo kunye nobuhle obungathotywanga bufunwa kangangeenkulungwane, nto leyo eyenza ibe sesona sixhobo sidala nesona sibalulekileyo sokwakha ehlabathini. Ukudibanisa amandla kunye nobuhle kwahlula i-marble kwamanye amatye kwaye ayinakulinganiswa ngobuhle obuhlala buhleli.

Yomelele kwaye Ixhathisa

Ibhastile yindawo eyomelele kwaye exhathisayo ehlala ipholile, iyenza ibe yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo kubabhaki kunye nabathwali bomkhenkce. Nangona ithambile, iyaxhathisa ukukrwela, ukuqhekeka, kunye nokwaphuka kunezinye izinto ezininzi ezikhoyo kwi-countertop. Ngapha koko, ibhastile lithambile kunegranite, ngoko ke kuyenzeka ukubandakanya izinto ezinomtsalane zokuyila, ezinje ngeencam ezinqabileyo, ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa.

Kulula ukuyigcina

I-marble countertops kulula ukuyigcina ngeengcebiso ezimbalwa ezilula. Ukugcina inkangeleko yayo yobunewunewu, kubalulekile ukucoca ngokukhawuleza izinto ezichithekileyo kwaye uphephe ukubeka izinto ezishushu ngokuthe ngqo kumphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngononophelo olufanelekileyo, ii-marble countertops zingahlala iinkulungwane, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kuyo nayiphi na ikhitshi.

Ukhetho Olukhulu

Ibhastile liza kuluhlu olukhulu lwamacwecwe, ngalinye linenkangeleko yalo eyahlukileyo kunye noncedo. Ngokomzekelo, i-marble yaseDanby yinto efunwayo yolwazi olongezelelweyo kunye neenzuzo. Iyakwazi ngokugqibeleleyo ukuphatha nayiphi na ingcamango yekhitshi kunye noyilo, okwenza ukuba ibe yongezwa ngokugqibeleleyo kuyo nayiphi na ikhitshi.

Ukusebenza ngeMarble: Ucelomngeni oluFanelekileyo

Ibhastile lilitye lendalo eliye lasetyenziswa kangangeenkulungwane kubugcisa, ulwakhiwo, kunye noyilo lwasekhaya. Yaziwa ngokubanzi ngobuhle bayo beklasikhi, ubuhle, kunye nemithambo engummangaliso. Kodwa ngaba kunjalo nzima ukusebenza nayo? Impendulo nguewe kwaye hayi. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

• Ibhastile yimathiriyeli eshinyeneyo kwaye inzima, nto leyo eyenza kubenzima ukuyiphatha kunye nokuthutha.
• Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zebhastile zibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo obunzima, ezinye zinobunkunkqele obungaphezulu kunezinye. Umzekelo, iCarrara marble ithambile kwaye kulula ukusebenza ngayo kuneCalacatta marble.
• Ibhastile yimathiriyeli yendalo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iqhekeza ngalinye lahlukile kwaye linokuba nomahluko othile ngombala, imithambo kunye nobungqingqwa. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuthelekisa iziqwenga zenkangeleko engenamthungo.
• Ibhastile yimathiriyeli enqabileyo nexabisekileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba amaxabiso anokuba phezulu. Iibhastile zePremium Italian ezifana neStatuario, Mont Blanc, kunye nePortinari zithathwe kwiindawo ezithile kwaye zibonelela ngexabiso eliphezulu.
• Imarble iqhele ukusetyenziselwa ikhitshi, kodwa akulula ukuyigcina njengegranite. Ithanda kakhulu ukukrwela, ukungcolisa, kunye nokukrazula kwizinto ezineasidi.
• IMarble lukhetho olukhulu lokongeza ukungathathi hlangothi kunye nokungaphelelwa lixesha kuyo nayiphi na indawo. Iza kuluhlu lwemibala, ukusuka kumhlophe oqhelekileyo ukuya kungwevu omnyama ngokumangalisayo.
• Ibhastile sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sokuvelisa amaqhekeza amancinci njengemizobo yobugcisa, iindawo ezingqonge iziko, kunye namampunge okuhlambela. Ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenza umgangatho, ukugquma eludongeni, kunye neetafile eziseziko.

Yeyiphi Eminye imizekelo yeendidi zeebhastile?

Ibhastile liza kuluhlu oluninzi lweentlobo ngeentlobo, nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nesimbo. Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zaziwa kakhulu zebhastile:

• I-Carrara: yombiwe e-Itali, eli bhastile limhlophe laziwa ngokucoleka nokucotha kwemithambo. Lukhetho oludumileyo kuyilo lwakudala kunye nolwangoku.
• I-Calacatta: ikwalilwe e-Italiya, eli bhastile leprimiyamu yamkelwa ngokukhalipha nangokumangalisayo. Ihlala isetyenziselwa iiprojekthi eziphezulu kunye nezindlu zokunethezeka.
• Indawo eqingqiweyo: ithathwe kwiikwari ezifanayo njengeCarrara, eli bhastile limhlophe linombala ofanayo nofanayo. Ihlala isetyenziselwa imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye neenkcukacha zezakhiwo.
• IMont Blanc: yombiwe eBrazil, eli bhastile lingwevu linomthambo ochuliweyo nomhle. Lukhetho olulungileyo kuyilo lwangoku.
• I-Portinari: ikwavela eBrazil, le marble emnyama engwevu ine-vein eyomeleleyo kwaye enesibindi. Ilungele ukongeza idrama kunye nobugocigoci kuyo nayiphi na indawo.
• ICrestola: yombiwe eItali, eli bhastile limhlophe linomthambo othambileyo nothambileyo. Lukhetho olulungileyo kwinkangeleko efihlakeleyo kunye nenhle.
• I-Tedeschi: ikwavela e-Italiya, eli bhastile lesitayela se-baroque linomthambo otyebileyo nontsonkothileyo. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuhombisa kunye noyilo lokuhombisa.

Athini Amaxabiso eMarble?

Amaxabiso ebhastile anokwahluka ngokubanzi ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo, umgangatho, kunye nomthombo. Iibhastile zePremium zaseItali ezifana neCalacatta kunye neStatuario zinokuxabisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200 yeedola kwisikwere sonyawo, ngelixa iibhastile eziqhelekileyo ezifana neCarrara kunye neMont Blanc zinokusuka kwi-40 yeedola ukuya kwi-80 ye-square foot. Nazi ezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela ixabiso lebhastile:

• Ukunqaba: iintlobo ezithile zebhastile zinqabile kwaye kunzima ukuzifumana, ezinokunyusa ixabiso lazo.
• Umgangatho: iimabhile zeprimiyamu zidla ngokuthathwa kwiindawo ezithile kwaye zibonelela ngomgangatho ophezulu kunye nokungaguquguquki.
• I veining: imithambo engqindilili kunye nemangalisayo inokongeza ixabiso kwilitye lebhastile, ngelixa imithambo echubekileyo necekethekileyo isenokungabizi kakhulu.
• Ubungakanani: ii-slabs ezinkulu zinokubiza ngakumbi ngenxa yobunzima babo kunye neemfuno zokuphatha.

Ukusuka kwiibhloko ukuya kuMhle: Ukuveliswa kweMarble

Ibhastile iveliswa kwiibhloko zamatye ezinkulu ezitsalwa kwiikwari kwihlabathi liphela. Uninzi lwelitye lebhastile liveliswa kumazwe afana neTurkey, i-Italiya neTshayina. Ukuveliswa kwebhastile kubandakanya amanyathelo aliqela, kuquka:

• Utsalo: Iibhloko zebhastile zitsalwa emhlabeni kusetyenziswa oomatshini abanzima kunye nezixhobo.
• Ukusika: Iibhloko ziye zisikwe zibe yimicu yobukhulu obufunwayo kusetyenziswa iindlela zokusika ezithe nkqo okanye ezithe tyaba.
• Ukugqiba: Imicu iye isikwe kakuhle kwaye ipolishwe ukwenza umphezulu ogudileyo nogqibeleleyo.

Iindlela zokuvelisa

Ukwenziwa kwe-marble kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweengcingo zedayimane kunye nee-blades, ezixhotywe ngobuchwepheshe obuphezulu bokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuchaneka ngexesha lokusika. Uhlobo lwencakuba esetyenziswayo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwebhastile eliveliswayo. Umzekelo, ezinye iindidi zebhastile zinzima kunezinye kwaye zifuna iblade eyahlukileyo ukuba isetyenziswe.

Iimpawu ezizodwa

Ibhastile lilitye lendalo elinikezela ngeempawu ezizodwa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto zokwakha. Ezinye zeempawu ezizodwa zebhastile ziquka:

• Uluhlu olubanzi lwemibala kunye neepateni
• Ukuchasana okuphezulu kubushushu kunye namanzi
• Isiphelo esigudileyo nesigudisiweyo
• Ukukwazi ukunqunyulwa kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu

Ukusetyenziswa kuKwakha

Ibhastile yinto ethandwa kakhulu kulwakhiwo nakuyilo namhlanje. Ihlala isetyenziswa ekhitshini, kumagumbi okuhlambela, nakwezinye iindawo zekhaya ukwenza inkangeleko entle nentle. Olunye lolona setyenziso luphambili lwebhastile kulwakhiwo lubandakanya:

• Ii-countertops kunye ne-backsplashes
• Iithayile zomgangatho kunye nodonga
• Iindawo zomlilo kunye neemantels
• Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye neziqwenga zokuhombisa

Impembelelo ekuKhethweni koMthengi

Ukukhethwa kwemarble kwiprojekthi ethile kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa inkangeleko efunwayo, umsebenzi wendawo, kunye nokukwazi ukugqoka kunye nokukrazula. Uphando lwenziwe ukuphucula ukusebenza kwebhastile kunye nokudala ukusikwa okusemgangathweni okukwaziyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike. Ukucutha okongeziweyo kunokwenziwa ukwenza inkangeleko ekhethekileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Ukugcina iMarble yakho ijongeka njengeNtsha: Ukucoca kunye noThintelo

Ukucoca ibhastile kulula, kodwa kufuna inkathalo ethile ukuphepha umonakalo. Nanga amanye amacebiso okugcina ibhastile lakho likhangeleka lilihle:

• Sebenzisa isicoci esingathathi hlangothi: Ibhastile liyachukumiseka kwizicoci ezineasidi kunye nealkaline, ngoko ke sebenzisa isicoci esingathathi hlangothi ukunqanda ingozi. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iviniga, ijusi yelamuni, okanye ezinye izinto ezineasidi.
• Sebenzisa ilaphu elithambileyo: Ibhastile yinto entle, ngoko ke sebenzisa ilaphu elithambileyo ukunqanda ukukrwela ngaphezulu. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izinto ezirhabaxa ezifana noboya bentsimbi okanye iibhrashi zokukhuhla.
• Coca ngokukhawuleza ukuchitheka kwelitye: Ibhastile lijiyile, liyakwazi ukufunxa ulwelo kwaye libangele umonakalo. Sula yonke into echithekileyo ngoko nangoko ukunqanda ukuba namabala.
• Sebenzisa amanzi adityanisiweyo: Amanzi ompompo anokuqulatha iiminerali ezinokwenzakalisa ibhastile lakho. Sebenzisa amanzi adibeneyo endaweni yoko.
• Yomisa umphezulu: Emva kokucoca, yomisa umphezulu ngelaphu elithambileyo ukunqanda amabala amanzi.

Ukuthintela Umonakalo

Ukuthintela umonakalo sisitshixo sokugcina ibhastile lakho likhangeleka lilikhulu. Nanga amanye amacebiso okuthintela umonakalo:

• Sebenzisa ii-coasters: Imarble iyabuva ubushushu kunye nokufuma, ngoko sebenzisa iicoaster ukukhusela umphezulu emonakalweni.
• Sebenzisa iibhodi zokusika: Ibhastile yimathiriyeli eqinileyo, kodwa inokukrwelwa ngezinto ezibukhali. Sebenzisa iibhodi zokusika ukuphepha ukukrwela umphezulu.
• Sebenzisa iitrivethi: Kuphephe ukubeka iimbiza ezishushu kunye neepani ngqo kumphezulu webhastile. Sebenzisa iitrivethi ukukhusela umphezulu kumonakalo wobushushu.
• Gcina iimveliso ngononophelo: Kuphephe ukugcina iimveliso ezineasidi okanye izinto zealkaline kumphezulu webhastile. Ezi mveliso zinokubangela umonakalo ukuba ziyachitheka.
• Ukugcinwa rhoqo: Ibhastile lifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo ukuze lihlale likhangeleka lilungile. Cinga ngokufaka ipolishi kwindlela yakho yokucoca rhoqo ukugcina umphezulu ukhangeleka ukhazimla kwaye umtsha.

Iingcebiso zeengcali

Ukuba ufuna ukonga ixesha kunye nemali kwisondlo, qwalasela ezi ngcebiso zeengcali:

• Chitha imali eyongezelelekileyo kumgangatho webhastile: Ibhastile elisemgangathweni alinabungozi kangako kwaye lifuna ukulungiswa okuncinci xa kuthelekiswa neenguqulelo ezitshiphu.
• Buza kwingcali yasekuhlaleni: Iindawo ezithile zineentlobo ezithile zebhastile ezifuna inyameko ekhethekileyo. Jongana nengcali yasekuhlaleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa iimveliso kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo.
• Vavanya phambi kokuba wongeze iimveliso: Phambi kokuba wongeze nayiphi na imveliso entsha yokucoca okanye yokupolisha, zivavanye kwindawo encinci, engabonakaliyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba azinakwenzakalisa umphezulu.
• Lumka ngebhastile elimnyama: Ibhastile elimnyama linokuba novelwano ngakumbi kumonakalo xa lithelekiswa nebhastile elimhlophe. Yiphathe ngenyameko.
• Sebenzisa isicoci esilungeleleneyo: Isicoci esilungeleleneyo siqulathe umxube wezinto ezineasidi kunye nealkaline, ezinokuthi zikwazi ukucoca ibhastile lakho ngokufanelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nesicoci esingenacala.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa imathiriyeli yegrit ecolekileyo kakhulu: Igrit ecolekileyo kakhulu inokudala ukugqibezela okukhazimlisiweyo, kodwa inokugqabhuka kwaye ibangele umonakalo kumphezulu wakho webhastile.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, ibhastile luhlobo lwelitye elenziwe ngecalcium carbonate. Iza ngemibala emininzi eyahlukeneyo kunye neepateni, kwaye isetyenziselwe iinkulungwane kwizakhiwo kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo siyiphendule yonke imibuzo yakho malunga nebhastile kwaye sikuncede ukuba ufunde ngakumbi malunga nale mathiriyeli intle.

NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.