Ukungunda okanye ukungunda yifungus ekhula ngendlela yeefilaments ezininzi ezibizwa ngokuba yihyphae kwaye ikhula kwiimeko ezifumileyo nezifumileyo. Inokufumaneka phantse kuyo yonke indawo, ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Umngundo unokuba yingozi kwimpilo yakho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yintoni na kwaye ungayinqanda njani.
Kweli nqaku, ndiza kuchaza ukuba yintoni ukungunda, ukuba iyichaphazela njani impilo yakho, kunye nendlela yokukhusela. Ndiza kwabelana ngeengcebiso eziluncedo malunga nendlela yokubona umngundo ekhayeni lakho.
Kule posi siza kugubungela:
- Yintoni kanye kanye uMngundo kwaye iyichaphazela njani impilo yethu?
- Njani ukuMngunda: Iiseli ezincinci zokuzala ezihamba ngoMoya
- Ngaba Nguloo Mngundo? Indlela yokwazi ukuba unengxaki yokungunda
- Kutheni i-Stachybotrys (i-Black Mold) ikhula kwaye isasazeke ngokukhawuleza
- Gcina uMngundo Kude: Iingcebiso zokuthintela ukukhula komngundo kwiKhaya lakho
- Ukuphelisa uMngundo: Isikhokelo esiLula
- isiphelo
Yintoni kanye kanye uMngundo kwaye iyichaphazela njani impilo yethu?
Umngundo luhlobo lwefungus olunokufumaneka ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Yinto ephilayo ekwaziyo ukuvelisa i-spores, eziyi-microscopic units ezidada emoyeni kwaye zihlale kwindawo emanzi. Ayizizo zonke iifungi ezibumba ukungunda, kodwa iintlobo ezithile zinokuzivelisa. Umngundo unokuba nemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo, ubukhulu, neemilo ezahlukahlukeneyo, yaye unokufunyanwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo, njengezityalo ezifileyo okanye amagqabi awileyo.
Indima yokufuma ekukhuleni kokungunda
Ukungunda kufuna ukufuma ukuze kukhule, okwenza iindawo ezimanzi okanye ezifumileyo zilungele ukukhula kwazo. Xa amanzi amaninzi ekho, ukungunda kunokuqala ukukhula kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngamaplanga, iphepha okanye ilaphu. Umngundo unokukhula kwindawo ethe yachatshazelwa kukonakala kwamanzi, njengeendonga okanye iisilingi.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zoMngundo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokungunda, kodwa ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo zifumaneka ngaphakathi endlwini ziquka:
- Stachybotrys chartarum (ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumngundo omnyama)
- I-Aspergillus
- I-penicillium
- ICladosporium
- Ngenye indlela
Ezinye izinto zokungunda zithathwa njengetoxigenic, oku kuthetha ukuba zinokuvelisa izinto ezinobungozi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-mycotoxins ezinokubangela iingxaki zempilo xa abantu bechanabeke kuzo.
Iziphumo zempilo zokuvezwa komngundo
Ukuvezwa kokungunda kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo, ngakumbi kubantu abanovelwano kuyo. Ezinye zeziphumo zempilo ezinxulumene nokuvezwa ngundo ziquka:
- Ukuphendulwa kwemizwa
- Iingxaki zokuphendula
- Intloko
- Utywala
- Ukukhathala
- Ukucaphuka kwamehlo, impumlo, kunye nomqala
Ukuthintela iziphumo zempilo zokuvezwa ngundo, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukukhula komngundo ekhayeni lakho okanye kwiofisi yakho.
Ukuthintela Ukukhula kokungunda
Ukuthintela ukukhula komngundo, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo yakho yangaphakathi yomile kwaye ingena umoya. Nanga amanye amacebiso okuthintela ukukhula komngundo:
- Lungisa nakuphi na ukuvuza okanye umonakalo wamanzi ngoko nangoko
- Sebenzisa i-dehumidifier ukunciphisa ukufuma okugqithisileyo emoyeni
- Gcina amanqanaba okufuma ngaphakathi endlwini ngaphantsi kwe-60%
- Coca kwaye womise naziphi na izinto ezimanzi okanye ezimanzi kwiiyure ezingama-24-48
- Sebenzisa izinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokungunda xa ulungisa okanye ulungisa
- Coca rhoqo kwaye ugcine inkqubo yakho ye-HVAC
Ngokuthatha la manyathelo, unokuzisindisa kumonakalo onokubakho kunye neengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene nokukhula komngundo.
Njani ukuMngunda: Iiseli ezincinci zokuzala ezihamba ngoMoya
Umngundo unokusasazeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
- Ukudibana ngokuthe ngqo kunye nezinto ezinobumba
- Amanzi okanye ukufuma emoyeni
- Ukukhupha iimbewu ezihamba emoyeni
Imbewu yokungunda iyakwazi ukuhlala ingasebenzi iminyaka de ifumane indawo efumileyo ukuze izondle, idala amathanga amatsha. Emva kokuba ukungunda kubambekile, kunokugubungela ummandla omkhulu ngokukhawuleza kuze kunwenwe kwisakhiwo sonke.
Umngundo wangaphakathi nangaphandle
Umngundo unokukhula ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kodwa ufumaneka rhoqo ezindlini. Umngundo unokukhula kuyo nayiphi na into ephilayo, kuquka:
- I ziqhamo
- izityalo
- Iithayile zesilingi
- Iphepha
- iinkuni
Iingcambu zokungunda zinokutyhala kwindawo kwaye zibambelele kuzo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuyisusa. Umngundo unokuphazamiseka ngokulula kwaye ugxothwe, usasaze iimbewu emoyeni kwaye uzinze kwiindawo ezintsha.
Indlela uMngundo eyichaphazela ngayo impilo
Umngundo unokuba yi-allergenic kwaye ubangele iingxaki zempilo kwabo banovelwano kuyo. I-Allergens ye-Mold inokuhamba emoyeni kwaye ihlale kwindawo, idala umthombo oqhubekayo wezinto ezinokuthi zithintele. Umngundo unokuvelisa i-mycotoxins, enokuba yingozi emzimbeni.
Ngaba Nguloo Mngundo? Indlela yokwazi ukuba unengxaki yokungunda
Enye yeendlela ezicacileyo zokwazi ukuba unengxaki yokungunda kukuyibona. Umngundo unokuvela ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nokwenziwa, kubandakanywa ifuzzy, slimy, okanye powdery. Nazi ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka uziqwalasele:
- Amabala amancinci okanye amakhulu kwiindawo
- Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye omnyama kwiindonga okanye kwiisilingi
- Ukukhula okubonakalayo kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu okanye ukufuma, njengemibhobho evuzayo okanye ukuxinana kwiifestile.
- Ivumba elibi elinamandla neliqhubekayo
Iimpawu zeMzimba zokuVela komngundo
Umngundo unokuba neziphumo zempilo ebantwini, ngakumbi abo bangadibaniyo nawo. Nazi ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka uzilumkele:
- Ukuthimla, ukukhohlela, okanye impumlo evuzayo
- Amehlo arhawuzelelwa okanye abe namanzi
- Ukucaphuka kwesikhumba okanye irhashalala
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuhlaselwa sisifuba
Uvavanyo loMngundo
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unengxaki yokungunda, ungayivavanya ngeendlela ezininzi:
- Sebenzisa ikiti yovavanyo lokungunda onokuthi uyithenge kwivenkile yehardware okanye kwi-intanethi
- Qasha umhloli oqeqeshiweyo wokungunda ukwenza uhlolo olucokisekileyo lwekhaya lakho
- Jonga umgangatho womoya kwikhaya lakho ukukhangela iimbewu zokungunda usebenzisa imonitha yomgangatho womoya
Ukuthintela kunye nokulawula uMngundo
Eyona ndlela yokujongana nomngundo kukuthintela ukukhula kwasekuqaleni. Nanga amanye amacebiso okukunceda ukukhusela ikhaya lakho kubungu:
- Gcina inqanaba lokufuma kwikhaya lakho lingaphantsi kwama-60%
- Sebenzisa i-dehumidifier okanye i-air conditioner ukunciphisa ukufuma emoyeni
- Hlala uhlola kwaye ulungise nayiphi na imibhobho evuzayo okanye uphahla
- Iindawo zokungenisa umoya ezithanda ukufuma, njengamagumbi okuhlambela kunye namakhitshi, ezinefeni okanye ifestile evuliweyo
- Coca kwaye womise nayiphi na indawo emanzi okanye imathiriyeli kwiiyure ezingama-24-48
- Nxiba izixhobo zokukhusela, ezifana neeglavu kunye ne-mask, xa ucoca iindawo ezinobumba
- Sebenzisa iblitshi okanye imveliso yokususa umngundo ukucoca ukungunda okubonakalayo
- Lahla naziphi na izinto ezinongundo ezingenako ukucocwa okanye zibulawe iintsholongwane, njengeencwadi ezindala okanye iimpahla
- Ukugquma iindawo ekunzima ukuzicoca, njengephepha lodonga okanye ikhaphethi, ngepeyinti ekwaziyo ukumelana nomngundo okanye imathiriyeli
- Yenza ishedyuli yesiqhelo yokugcina ikhaya lakho ukujonga ukungunda kwaye uthintele ukukhula kwayo
Khumbula, ukungunda kuyingozi enkulu kwimpilo kwaye kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngendlela yokusingatha ingxaki yokungunda, ungathandabuzi ukufuna uncedo lwengcali.
Kutheni i-Stachybotrys (i-Black Mold) ikhula kwaye isasazeke ngokukhawuleza
I-Stachybotrys chartarum, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngundo omnyama, ifuna ukufuma rhoqo ukuze ikhule kwaye isasazeke. Olu ngundo luthanda ukukhula kwindawo ezimanzi okanye ezinamaqondo okufuma okugqithisileyo. Inokufunyanwa ngaphakathi kwindlu kwiindawo ezifana namagumbi angaphantsi, iisilingi, ukugquma, kunye namagumbi anezifudumezi ezinganelanga okanye i-conditioning. Izikhukula, ukugcinwa kogutyulo, kunye nokuvuza nako kunokubonelela ngokufuma okuyimfuneko ekukhuleni komngundo.
Izinto eziphathekayo ezineCellulose Content
I-Stachybotrys chartarum inokukhula kwizinto ezinomxholo ophezulu we-cellulose onjengamaplanga, iphepha, kunye nebhodi yegypsum. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngokutya kokungunda ukuba kukhule kwaye kunamathele. Izityalo kunye nezityalo ezifileyo zinokubonelela ngezondlo ezikhuthaza ukukhula komngundo.
Umoya kunye neSpores
I-Stachybotrys chartarum inokuncamathela kwizilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nempahla kwaye isasazeke emoyeni. Imbewu inokuncamathela kwezinye izinto kwaye ikhule kwiindawo ezintsha. Isikhunta sivame ukukhula kwaye sisasazeke ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezibonelela ngenkxaso yokukhula kwayo.
Izinto ezifileyo nezibolileyo
IStachybotrys chartarum ikholisa ukukhula kwiindawo ezinemathiriyeli efileyo okanye ebolileyo. Lo ngundo unokukhula kwizinto eziye zamanzi ixesha elide okanye zibonakaliswe kumswakama ogqithiseleyo. Umngundo unokukhula kwizinto ezonakaliswe kukuvuza kwamanzi okanye izikhukhula.
Ukufudumeza kunye nokuBambisa
I-Stachybotrys chartarum ikholisa ukukhula kwiindawo ezinobushushu obunganelanga okanye i-conditioning. Umngundo unokukhula kwindawo apho ubushushu buphakathi kwama-55 nama-77 ngokukaFahrenheit. Ukufudumeza okwaneleyo kunye ne-conditioning kunokunceda ukuthintela ukukhula komngundo kunye nokusasazeka.
Gcina uMngundo Kude: Iingcebiso zokuthintela ukukhula komngundo kwiKhaya lakho
Umngundo ukhula kakuhle kwindawo efumileyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukugcina ikhaya lakho lomile. Nanga amanye amacebiso okulawula ukufuma:
- Lungisa imibhobho evuzayo kwaye ulungise ukuvuza kophahla ngokukhawuleza.
- Qinisekisa ukungena komoya okufanelekileyo kwigumbi lakho lokuhlambela ngokuvula ifestile okanye uvule ifestile xa uhlamba okanye uhlamba.
- Sebenzisa i-dehumidifier okanye i-air conditioner ukugcina umoya womile.
- Qinisekisa ukuba umhlaba uyathambeka kude nendlu yakho ukunqanda ukudityaniswa kwamanzi kwisiseko.
- Zixhome iimpahla ezimanzi kunye neetawuli ngaphandle okanye kwindawo engena umoya endaweni yokuba uzishiye kwimfumba efumileyo.
- Vula ifestile xa upheka okanye usebenzisa i-dishwasher.
Gcina ikhaya lakho licocekile kwaye lomile
Umngundo ungakhula phantse kuwo nawuphi na umhlaba, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukugcina ikhaya lakho licocekile kwaye lomile. Nanga amanye amacebiso okugcina ikhaya lakho licocekile kwaye lomile:
- Zicoce rhoqo kwaye zome iiragi, iikhaphethi, kunye neemethi zomgangatho.
- Sebenzisa ipeyinti enganyangekiyo ngumngundo kwiindonga kunye nokugquma kwiindonga zangaphandle.
- Susa kwaye ubeke endaweni yayo nayiphi na i-wallboard eyonakaliswe ngamanzi.
- Sebenzisa isixhobo sokomisa iimpahla esiphumela ngaphandle ukuze womise iimpahla endaweni yokuzixhoma ngaphakathi.
- Coca rhoqo isihluzo se-lint kwisomisi sakho kwaye uqiniseke ukuba indawo yokomisa ayivalelwanga.
Faka umoya ngokufanelekileyo kwiKhaya lakho
Ukungena komoya ngendlela eyiyo kunokuthintela ukukhula komngundo ngokuvumela ukufuma ukuba kubaleke. Nanga amanye amacebiso okunika umoya ococekileyo kwikhaya lakho:
- Vula iifestile kunye neengcango xa kunokwenzeka ukuvumela umoya ococekileyo ukuba ujikeleze.
- Faka kwaye usebenzise iifeni zokukhupha ekhitshini, kwigumbi lokuhlambela nakwigumbi lokuhlambela.
- Qinisekisa ukuba i-attic yakho kunye ne-basement yakho ingena umoya kakuhle.
- Sebenzisa ifeni yefestile ukuzoba umoya omtsha xa imozulu ipholile.
Ziphephe iindawo ezinoMngundo
Ezinye iindawo zekhaya lakho zityekele ekukhuleni kokungunda kunezinye. Nanga amanye amacebiso okuthintela iindawo ezithandwa ngundo:
- Musa ukwenza ikhaphethi amagumbi okuhlambela okanye amagumbi angaphantsi, njengoko ezi ndawo zihlala zifumile.
- Gcina izityalo zangaphakathi zibe zincinci, njengoko umhlaba unokubamba izinambuzane zokungunda.
- Musa ukuvumela iimpahla ezimanzi okanye iitawuli zifumbe kwindawo efumileyo.
Ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso, unokuthintela ukukhula komngundo kwikhaya lakho kwaye ukhusele impilo yakho. Khumbula, ukuthintela kuhlala kungcono kunokususa!
Ukuphelisa uMngundo: Isikhokelo esiLula
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukususa ukungunda, kubalulekile ukuzilungiselela kunye nendawo ngokufanelekileyo. Nanga amanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele:
- Nxiba izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko ezinje ngeeglavu, iiglasi, kunye nesigqubuthelo sobuso ukunqanda naluphi na unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo nespores zokungunda.
- Khetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lokucoca kumphezulu oya kuwucoca. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezicoci zasemakhaya ezenzelwe ukususa ukungunda, okanye ungasebenzisa isisombululo seblitshi esingekho ngaphezulu kwekomityi enye yeblitshi yokuhlamba impahla kwilitha enye yamanzi.
- Misela ifeni ukunceda ukomisa indawo emva kokucoca.
- Gubungela naziphi na izinto ezithambileyo okanye ezinzima kwindawo ukunqanda umonakalo.
Ukususa uMngundo
Ngoku ukuba ulungile, lixesha lokuba uqale ukususa isikhunta. Nanga amanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele:
- Fumana umthombo wamanzi angaphezulu kwaye ulungise ingxaki ukukhusela ukubunjwa kokubuya.
- Susa naziphi na izinto ezimanzi okanye izinto kwindawo leyo.
- Tshiza isicoci okanye isisombululo seblitshi kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo zomphezulu.
- Vumela isisombululo sihlale ixesha elifunekayo, ngokuqhelekileyo imizuzu eyi-10-15.
- Xuba amanzi ashushu kunye nesixa esifunwayo sesicoci okanye isisombululo seblitshi kwibhakethi.
- Ukusebenzisa ilaphu, hlambulula loo ndawo de umngundo ususwe ngokupheleleyo.
- Hlanza indawo ngamanzi acocekileyo kwaye uvumele ukuba yome ngokupheleleyo.
Amanyathelo okugqibela
Emva kokuba umngundo ususiwe, kukho amanyathelo ambalwa okugqibela omawuwathathe ukuqinisekisa ukuba awubuyi:
- Vumela indawo yome ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokutshintsha nayiphi na imathiriyeli okanye izinto.
- Sebenzisa isitshizi sothintelo lomngundo wendalo ukunceda ukuthintela ukukhula komngundo kwixesha elizayo.
- Ukuba ukungunda kufunyenwe kwishawari okanye kwigumbi lokuhlambela, qiniseka ukuba uvule ifeni okanye uvule ifestile ngexesha nasemva kokuhlamba ukuze kungene umoya ofanelekileyo.
Khumbula, ukususa ukungunda kunokuba nzima kwaye kunokufuna uncedo lwengcali. Kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo kwaye ulandele amanyathelo ngokohlobo lokungunda kunye nomphezulu ojongene nawo. Ngomzamo omncinci kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, unokuzisindisa kwiingozi zempilo ezinokuthi zibe yingozi kunye nomonakalo obizayo kwikhaya lakho.
isiphelo
Ke, ukungunda yifungus ekhula kwindawo ezifumileyo kwaye inokwenza ikhaya lakho lizive kwaye libukeke libi kakhulu. Umngundo unokuba yingozi kwimpilo yakho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuwususa ngokukhawuleza. Ndiyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo sikuncede ukuba uqonde ukubumba ngcono kancinci ngoku.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.
