Ukuchola iMetal Surface? Isikhokelo sokugqibela sokuGcinwa kweMetal

I-Pickling yinkqubo yokunyanga isinyithi ukususa ukungcola kunye nokulungisa umphezulu wonyango olongezelelweyo okanye ukugquma. Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokukhethwa kukusebenzisa isisombululo esine-acidic ukususa ukungcola okungaphezulu.

Luqheliselo lwenkulungwane zakudala olubandakanya uthotho lwamanyathelo ukwenza umphezulu ogudileyo, ococekileyo. Makhe sijonge inkqubo yokukhetha kunye nendlela eyahluke ngayo kwezinye iinkqubo zonyango ezingaphezulu.

Kutheni le nto iPickling Metal Surface siSiqhelo esiQhelekileyo kwiMveliso yale mihla

I-Pickling yindlela yokucubungula isinyithi ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesisombululo se-acidic ukususa ukungcola komhlaba kwintsimbi, i-sheet metal, kunye nezinye izinto zetsimbi. Inkqubo ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweemveliso zetsimbi ukudala indawo egudileyo kwaye ecocekileyo ekulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye inika ukhuseleko olungcono kwiinguqu ezimbi ezinxulumene nokugcinwa okanye inkonzo.

Inkqubo yokuPickling

Inkqubo yokukhetha inala manyathelo alandelayo:

• Ukulungisa umphezulu wesinyithi ngokusila, ukupolisha, okanye ukuqengqeleka kwephepha elicolekileyo ukususa nasiphi na isikali esibonakalayo okanye iziphene zomhlaba.
• Ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-pickling kwi-metal surface, ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethe umxube wee-soluble compounds ezihlasela ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zisuse naluphi na ukungcola okuseleyo.
• Ukuvumela ukuba isinyithi singene kwisisombululo se-pickling ixesha elithile, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nohlobo lwentsimbi ekhethiweyo.
• Ukususa isinyithi kwisisombululo sokukha kunye nokuhlamba ngokucokisekileyo ngamanzi ukususa nayiphi na i-asidi eseleyo.

Ukuqulunqwa kweZisombululo zePickling

Ukubunjwa okuchanekileyo kwezisombululo ze-pickling kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetsimbi olukhethiweyo kunye neemfuno ezithile zenkqubo yokuvelisa. Nangona kunjalo, izisombululo ze-pickling ziqukethe umxube we-acids, njenge-hydrochloric acid okanye i-sulfuric acid, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ezixhasa inkqubo yokukhetha.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokuPickling

Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zokukhetha okuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kwimveliso yanamhlanje:

• I-pickling eshushu, ebandakanya ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-pickling kwindawo yentsimbi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu lokunyusa ukusebenza kwenkqubo.
• Ukukhetha okubandayo, okubandakanya ukusebenzisa isisombululo sokukha kwintsimbi yentsimbi kwiqondo lokushisa, eliqhelekileyo lisetyenziselwa izinto eziphantsi zetsimbi okanye xa ukusetyenziswa kwe-pickling eshushu kulinganiselwe.

Kutheni ukuPickling lolona Nyango luPhakamileyo lwezinyithi

I-Pickling isetyenziswe iinkulungwane njengendlela yokulungisa iintsimbi ukuze zilungiswe. Ngaphambili, ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokufaka i-asidi kumphezulu wesinyithi, eya kuhlasela ngokufanelekileyo kwaye isuse nasiphi na isikali okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo. Namhlanje, ukukhethwa yinkqubo yanamhlanje ebandakanya uthotho lwamanyathelo okudala indawo ecocekileyo, epholileyo engenawo nawuphi na umxholo ongalunganga.

Yintoni iPickling?

I-Pickling yinkqubo yonyango engaphezulu ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesisombululo se-asidi ukususa nakuphi na ukungcola okungaphezulu kwisinyithi. Inkqubo isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso yentsimbi, apho kubhekiselwa kuyo ngokuthi "i-pickled ne-oiled." Isisombululo se-asidi esisetyenzisiweyo kwi-pickling ngokuqhelekileyo ngumxube we-hydrochloric kunye ne-sulfuric acid, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesinyithi olucutshungulwayo.

Iintlobo zeenyithi ezinokuvunwa

I-Pickling ingasetyenziselwa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi, kuquka:

• steel
• intsimbi
• ubhedu
• Brass
• ialuminiyam

Amanyathelo aBandakanyiweyo kwiNkqubo yokuPickling

Inkqubo yokukhetha ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Ukugaya okanye ukupolisha isinyithi ukususa nakuphi na ukungafezeki kwendawo.
• Ukulungiselela isisombululo se-asidi kumxholo ofanelekileyo kunye nobushushu.
• Ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-asidi kwindawo yesinyithi ixesha elithile.
• Ukususa isisombululo se-asidi kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwesinyithi ngamanzi.
• Ukugcina isinyithi esivundiweyo kwindawo eyomileyo, epholileyo ukukhusela nayiphi na i-corrosion eyongezelelweyo.

Yintoni eyehlayo ngexesha lokukha?

Ukugxininiswa kotywala be-pickling nakho kudlala indima kwinkqubo yokukhetha. Ukuxinwa kwe-asidi okanye isisombululo sesiseko sinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesinyithi olukhethiweyo kunye nokungcola okufuneka kususwe. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-asidi okanye isisombululo sesiseko sivumela ukususwa okusebenzayo kokungcola, kodwa kunokubangela umgangatho ophantsi wokugqiba. Uxinzelelo olusezantsi lweasidi okanye isisombululo esisisiseko sinika umgangatho ophezulu wokugqitywa komphezulu, kodwa unokungasusi ngokufanelekileyo konke ukungcola.

Ixesha elimiselweyo lokuchola

Ixesha elimiselweyo lokuchola likwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwentsimbi echoliweyo kunye nokungcola okufuneka kususwe. Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuchola lidla ngokusetwa ngumenzi wotywala obukhatshwayo kwaye linokwahluka ukusuka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezininzi. Kubalulekile ukuba ungashiyi isinyithi kwi-pickling utywala ixesha elide, njengoko oku kunokubangela ukunyuswa ngokugqithisileyo kunye nomonakalo kumphezulu wesinyithi.

Iinkxaso ezisetyenziselwa ukuPickling

Ngethuba lenkqubo yokukhetha, isinyithi sixhaswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngamayunithi akhethekileyo avumela ukuba utywala obukhethiweyo bungene ngokupheleleyo kumphezulu wesinyithi. Ezi zixhaso zinokuthatha ifom yamaphepha, imiqulu, okanye ezinye iimilo ezenzelwe ukuvumela utywala obukhethiweyo ukuba buhlasele ngokufanelekileyo ukungcola phezu kwentsimbi.

Indlela yokuchola iMetal Surface: ISikhokelo seNyathelo nenyathelo

Inyathelo 1: Ukulungisa iMetal Surface

Ngaphambi kokukhetha, kubalulekile ukulungisa ubuso besinyithi. Eli nyathelo libandakanya ukususa nayiphi na ioli, igrisi, okanye ubumdaka obuvela kumphezulu usebenzisa i-abrasive material. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu ucocekile kwaye akukho nakuphi na ukungcola okunokuphazamisa inkqubo yokukhetha.

Inyathelo lesi-2: Ukusebenzisa iSicombululo sokuPickling

Inkqubo yokukhetha ibandakanya ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-asidi kwindawo yesinyithi. Ezona zisombululo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-hydrochloric okanye i-sulfuric acid. I-asidi isusa i-oxide layer kunye naluphi na ukungcola okukhoyo kumphezulu wesinyithi. Isisombululo se-pickling sisetyenziswa ngokufaka isinyithi kwisisombululo se-asidi okanye ngokuxubha isisombululo phezu komhlaba.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukuvumela isisombululo sePickling ukuba sisebenze

Emva kokusebenzisa isisombululo se-pickling, kubalulekile ukuyivumela ukuba isebenze ixesha elithile. Ixesha elifunekayo kwinkqubo yokukhetha ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwetsimbi, ubukhulu be-oxide layer, kunye noxinzelelo lwesisombululo se-asidi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo ithatha naphi na ukusuka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezininzi.

Inyathelo lesi-4: Ukucoca iMetal Surface

Emva kokuba inkqubo ye-pickling igqityiwe, indawo yentsimbi kufuneka ihlanjululwe kakuhle ngamanzi ukuze isuse isisombululo se-asidi eseleyo. Eli nyathelo libalulekile njengoko nayiphi na iasidi eshiyeke phezu komhlaba inokuqhubeka nokuhlasela isinyithi kwaye ibangele ukuhlwa.

Inyathelo lesi-5: Ukungathathi hlangothi kwesisombululo se-Acid

Emva kokuhlanjululwa, umphezulu wesinyithi kufuneka ungathathi hlangothi ukuthintela nakuphi na ukusabela kweekhemikhali. Eli nyathelo libandakanya ukusebenzisa isisombululo sokungathathi hlangothi kwindawo yesinyithi. Isisombululo esiqhelekileyo esisetyenziselwa ukungathathi hlangothi ngumxube wesoda yokubhaka kunye namanzi.

Inyathelo lesi-6: Ukomisa iMetal Surface

Isinyathelo sokugqibela kwinkqubo yokukhetha kukumisa isinyithi. Eli nyathelo libalulekile njengoko nakuphi na ukufuma okuseleyo kunokubangela ukuba isinyithi sidle. Umphezulu wesinyithi unokomiswa usebenzisa ilaphu elicocekileyo okanye ngokuwuvumela ukuba wome umoya.

Ngokubanzi, i-pickling yinkqubo elula kodwa esebenzayo yokususa ukungcola kwintsimbi. Ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukudala indawo egudileyo kwaye ecocekileyo, ukususa isikali kunye nomxholo we-oxide, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wesinyithi. Ngelixa kukho ezinye iindlela zoku kucoca imiphezulu yesinyithi, i-pickling yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye inika iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Xa ukuPickling kungahambi kakuhle: Iziphumo ezibi zokuPickling ngaphezulu kweMetal Surfaces

Ukuchola linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwimveliso yemigangatho yentsimbi ecocekileyo nekhazimlisiweyo. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa umxube we-asidi kumphezulu wesinyithi ukususa naziphi na izinto ezinyibilikayo kunye nokungcola. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isinyithi sifakwe ixesha elide, sinokuba nemiphumo emibi kwimveliso yokugqibela.

Indlela Yokunqanda Ukuchola Ngokugqithisileyo

Ukuze ugweme ukunyuswa ngokugqithiseleyo, kubalulekile ukuba ulandele inkqubo efanelekileyo yokukhetha kwaye ungashiyi isinyithi kwisisombululo sokukha ixesha elide kunokuba kuyimfuneko. Amanye amacebiso okuthintela ukuvuthwa ngokugqithisileyo aquka:

• Ukusebenzisa isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokukhetha: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi zifuna izisombululo ezahlukeneyo zokukha. Qinisekisa ukusebenzisa isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwintsimbi osebenza nayo.

• Ukubeka iliso kwinkqubo yokukhetha: Gcina iliso kwintsimbi ngelixa ithathwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ayikho kwisisombululo ixesha elide kunokuba kuyimfuneko.

• Ukusebenzisa umxube ofanelekileyo wezithako: Qinisekisa ukusebenzisa umxube ofanelekileyo wezithako kwisisombululo sokukha ukuze ugweme ukuvuthwa kakhulu.

• Ukulungisa isinyithi ngokufanelekileyo: Qinisekisa ukuba ulungiselele kakuhle umphezulu wesinyithi ngaphambi kokukhetha ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxube we-asidi usetyenziswa ngokulinganayo kwaye ngokupheleleyo.

• Ukususa isinyithi kwisisombululo se-pickling ngexesha elifanelekileyo: Musa ukushiya isinyithi kwisisombululo se-pickling ixesha elide kunokuba kuyimfuneko.

Kutheni ukuPickling lolona nyango luPhakamileyo lweMphezulu kwiiMveliso zakho zetsimbi

I-Pickling yinkqubo ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-asidi ukususa ukungcola kwimigangatho yesinyithi. Le nkqubo ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuqina okuphuculweyo kunye nokusebenza kwesinyithi. Inkqubo pickling kususa ukungcola ezifana ukugquma, isikali, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ezinokubangela ukuba isinyithi sihlazeke ngokuhamba kwexesha. Umgangatho ococekileyo kunye nogudileyo oveliswa ngokukhethwa kuthetha ukuba isinyithi singcono ukwenza umsebenzi ojoliswe kuwo.

Kulula ukulawula kwaye kufanelekile kwiiMathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo

I-Pickling yinkqubo elula kwaye kulula ukuyilawula ekulungele ukusetyenziswa ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezinto. Inkqubo yokukhetha ingasetyenziselwa ukususa ukungcola kwintsimbi, ubhedu, isinyithi esixabisekileyo, kunye ne-alloys ye-aluminium. Inkqubo yokuchola nayo ifanelekile ekudaleni indawo egudileyo kwizinto ezinqabileyo ezinokuba nzima ukusebenza nazo usebenzisa ezinye iindlela.

Inika iNkangeleko eYodwa kunye nokuJonga

Inkqubo yokukhetha inika imvakalelo ekhethekileyo kwaye ijonge kwintsimbi engafumanekiyo kunye nolunye unyango olungaphezulu. Umphezulu obangelwayo ngokuqhelekileyo uphantsi kumxholo wekhabhoni, oko kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba i-oxidize okanye i-corrode ekuhambeni kwexesha. Inkqubo yokukhetha iphinda isuse nayiphi na iingubo zangaphambili zangaphambili, okwenza kube lula ukulungiselela isinyithi kunyango olulandelayo.

Susa ukungcola kunye nezingcolisi

Inkqubo yokukhetha isusa ukungcola kunye nokungcola kwintsimbi, kuquka i-rust, isikali, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi. Utywala olukhethiweyo olusetyenziswa kwinkqubo ngokuqhelekileyo luqukethe i-hydrochloric okanye i-asidi ye-sulfuric, esabelana nokungcola ukwenza umaleko we-oxide enokususwa ngokulula. I-asidi engaphezulu kunye ne-oxide layer ihlanjululwa ngamanzi, ishiya ngasemva indawo ecocekileyo negudileyo.

Ikhusela kuMhlwa

Ukuvunwa yinkqubo eqhelekileyo kwimveliso kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukukhusela ngokuchasene nokuhlwa. Inkqubo yokukhetha isusa nakuphi na ukungcola okunokubangela ukubola, okwenza isinyithi sihlala ixesha elide kwaye sihlala ixesha elide. Iinkampani ezininzi zikhetha i-pickling njengonyango olungaphezulu kwiimveliso zabo zetsimbi kuba inika ukhuseleko oluluqilima kwi-corrosion.

Enye indlela yoNyango lwe-Abrasive Surface

I-Pickling yenye indlela yonyango lwe-abrasive surface enokonakalisa ngokwasemzimbeni isinyithi. Inkqubo yokukhetha ayinayo i-abrasive kwaye ayifuni naluphi na udibaniso lomzimba kunye nentsimbi. Oku kuthetha ukuba umphezulu obangelwayo ugudileyo kwaye awunakukwazi ukwenza umonakalo kwezinye izinto ezidibana nazo.

Ngaba iPickling isusa ngenene iRust kwiMetal Surfaces?

I-Pickling linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni iindawo zetsimbi ukwenzela umsebenzi oqhubekayo. Inceda ukususa nayiphi na i-rust okanye izikali ezinokuthi zenzeke kumphezulu, ukudala indawo ecocekileyo kunye neyongatshintshiyo efanele ukuqhutyelwa phambili. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetsimbi kunye nobukhulu beengqimba ze-oxide, i-pickling ingaqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezisombululo ze-asidi, ezifana ne-hydrochloric acid okanye i-phosphoric acid.

Ukubaluleka Kokukhetha Okufanelekileyo

Nangona i-pickling ingaba yindlela efanelekileyo yokususa i-rust kwiindawo zetsimbi, kubalulekile ukuqhuba inkqubo ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha nayiphi na imiphumo emibi. Ukuba isisombululo se-pickling sinamandla kakhulu okanye sisetyenziswe ixesha elide, sinokunyibilika kuphela i-rust kodwa kunye nentsimbi ephantsi, okubangelwa imveliso encinci kwaye iyancipha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba isisombululo se-pickling sibuthathaka kakhulu okanye singasetyenziswanga ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo, asikwazi ukususa yonke i-rust, okubangelwa indawo engafanelekanga ukuba iqhubeke nomsebenzi.

Isiphumo Sokugqibela: Indawo ecocekileyo neNxibelelanayo yeMetal

Xa i-pickling iqhutywe ngokufanelekileyo, inokunceda ukudala isinyithi esicocekileyo nesihambelanayo esilungele umsebenzi oqhubekayo. Umphezulu ophumayo awunamhlwa nezikali, kwaye unomphetho ocolekileyo, ogudisiweyo oxhasa umsebenzi okumgangatho ophezulu. Esi siphumo sokugqibela siqhele ukubizwa ngokuba ngumphezulu ocoliweyo, kwaye sisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lwesinyithi.

Unyino kunye neMpembelelo yokusiNgqongileyo yokuPickling Metal Surfaces

I-Pickling yinkqubo efuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-asidi, ngokubanzi i-hydrochloric okanye i-sulfuric, ukususa ukungcola kwiindawo zetsimbi. Nangona iyasebenza ekususeni amabala, umhlwa, kunye nesikali, ikwayindlela ekrwada neyonakalisayo enokubangela umonakalo kwiialloys ezithile zetsimbi. Isisombululo se-acidic siphendula kunye neempawu zetsimbi zezinto eziphathekayo, ezibangela i-hydrogen embrittlement kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinokuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela.

Ubunzima bokuphatha kunye nokulawula iiNkqubo zokuPickling

Ukuvunwa yinkqubo efuna umgangatho ophezulu wokulawula ukuqinisekisa ukuba iprofayili efunekayo iyafezekiswa. Oku kubandakanya ukulawula ukuxinwa kwesisombululo se-asidi, amaqondo okushisa apho inkqubo iqhutyelwa khona, kunye nobude bexesha apho iindawo zetsimbi zigcinwa kwi-pickle. Inkunkuma ebangelwayo, equka utywala obuchithiweyo, i-sludge, kunye neetyuwa ezine-asidi, ihlelwa njengeyingozi kwaye kufuneka ilahlwe kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma okanye iphathwe ngenkqubo yokungathathi hlangothi.

Iminyino eSebenzayo yokuPickling

I-Pickling ayisebenzi kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-alloys zetsimbi. Igqwesa kakhulu kwezinye iintsimbi, kubandakanywa i-aluminiyam kunye nobhedu, kwaye inokubangela umonakalo kwiipropati zazo. Ukongeza, ukuchola kunokubangela iingxaki zokuphinda kusebenze kunye nezinye iialloyi, okukhokelela kwi-hydrogen embrittlement kunye neminye imiba enokuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela. Imida yokukhetha i-pickling yenza kube yindlela enqwenelekayo yokucoca iindawo zetsimbi, kwaye ezinye iindlela ziphuhliswa ukubonelela ngokugqitywa kunye nokucoceka.

IKhemistri eNgemva kweSicombululo sokuPickling

I-asidi kwisisombululo se-pickling iphendula kunye nentsimbi, ukunyibilikisa ukungcola kunye nokudala indawo ecocekileyo, ecocekileyo. I-asidi iphinda isuse umaleko obhityileyo wesinyithi ukusuka kumphezulu, onceda ukudala ubukhulu obuhambelanayo kwiqhekeza lonke. Ubungakanani bentsimbi esusiweyo buxhomekeke kuhlobo lweasidi esetyenzisiweyo, ukutyeba kwentsimbi, kunye nobude bexesha intsimbi ivuthwa ngayo.

Ukubaluleka komxholo we-Acid

Umxholo we-asidi wesisombululo se-pickling ubalulekile kuba umisela ukuba isisombululo sinamandla kangakanani kwaye siya kuchitha ngokukhawuleza ukungcola. Umxholo we-asidi onamandla uya kutshabalalisa ukungcola ngokukhawuleza, kodwa unokonakalisa isinyithi xa ushiywe kwisisombululo ixesha elide. Isiqulatho se-asidi esibuthathaka siya kuthatha ixesha elide ukunyibilikisa ukungcola, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele umonakalo kwisinyithi.

Iindlela ezizezinye zokuchola

Ngelixa i-pickling iyindlela eqhelekileyo yokulungiselela umphezulu wesinyithi ukuveliswa, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezizezinye iinkampani ezinokuthi zikhethe ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezithile kunye namalungu asetyenziswayo. Ezi ndlela ziquka ukupolisha, ukugaya, kunye nokwandisa ubukhulu besinyithi ukudala umgangatho ohambelanayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-pickling ihlala iyeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yeziphumo zayo ezintle kunye neziphumo ezingaguqukiyo.

Ukugcinwa kunye nokuphathwa kwesisombululo sePickling

Isisombululo se-pickling kufuneka sigcinwe kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo kwaye iphathwe ngononophelo ngenxa yendalo yayo eyingozi kakhulu. Kufuneka igcinwe kwizikhongozeli ezincinci ukunqanda ungcoliseko kwaye kufuneka igcinwe kude kwizinto ezibuthathaka. Isisombululo kufuneka kwakhona silungiswe kwaye sisetyenziswe kwindawo enempepho kakuhle ukukhusela ukuphefumla komsi.

Ukuphonononga ezinye iindlela zokuchola ukucoca kunye nokuphucula iMetal Surfaces

Nangona i-pickling iyindlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi yokucoca kunye nokuphucula umgangatho weengxenye zetsimbi, akusiyo kuphela inketho ekhoyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuye kwavela ezinye iindlela ezizezinye ezibonelela ngoluhlu lweenzuzo xa kuthelekiswa nokucholwa kwemveli. Kweli candelo, siza kuphonononga ezinye zezona ndlela zidumileyo zokukhetha, ukusetyenziswa kwazo, izinto eziluncedo, kunye nezingeloncedo.

Ukucoca ngamanzi

I-Hydrocleaning yindlela yomatshini yokususa i-oyile, irusi, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwiindawo zentsimbi. Ixhomekeke kwiijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuze ziqhume ukungcola, zishiye indawo egudileyo kwaye ecocekileyo ngasemva. I-Hydrocleaning ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengenye indlela eco-friendly ekukhetheni i-pickling, njengoko ingathembeli ekuphenduleni kweekhemikhali ukucoca izinto. Ezinye zezibonelelo eziphambili ze-hydrocleaning ziquka:

• Akukho mfuneko yeasidi okanye ezinye iikhemikhali
• Ingasetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-alloys
• Ishiya umaleko ochanekileyo nge-microscopically kumphezulu, iphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola
• Ingasetyenziselwa ukucoca kunye nokuphucula ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo ekunzima ukuzicoca

Nangona kunjalo, i-hydrocleaning isenokungabi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo kuzo zonke izicelo. Inokubiza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokukha, kwaye isenokungasebenzi kakuhle ekususeni iintlobo ezithile zongcoliseko.

Ukucoca ngeLaser

Ukucocwa kweLaser yindlela entsha yokucoca imiphezulu yesinyithi esebenzisa i-laser enamandla kakhulu ukususa umhlwa, ioyile kunye nobunye ukungcola. I-laser iyakwazi ukujolisa ngokuchanekileyo iindawo ezingcolileyo, ishiya indawo epholileyo kunye necocekileyo ngasemva. Ukucocwa kweLaser ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengendlela echanekileyo kunye nesebenzayo kunokukhethwa, njengoko ingasetyenziselwa ukususa ukungcola kwiindawo ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo. Ezinye zezibonelelo eziphambili zokucoca ngelaser ziquka:

• Akukho mfuneko yeekhemikhali okanye ukucoca ngoomatshini
• Ingasetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-alloys
• Ishiya umaleko ochanekileyo nge-microscopically kumphezulu, iphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola
• Ingasetyenziselwa ukucoca kunye nokuphucula ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo ekunzima ukuzicoca

Nangona kunjalo, ukucocwa kwelaser kunokubiza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokukha, kwaye isenokungabi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo kumacandelo amakhulu okanye imveliso ephezulu.

Electropolishing

I-Electropolishing yindlela yeekhemikhali yokuphucula ukugqitywa kwendawo yentsimbi. Ixhomekeke kwi-electrochemical reaction ukuze isuse umaleko obhityileyo wezinto ukusuka kumphezulu, ushiya isiphelo esigudileyo nesicwebezelayo ngasemva. I-Electropolishing ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengendlela echanekileyo kunye neyona ndlela isebenzayo kunokukhethwa, njengoko ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula umgangatho ogqityiweyo weendawo ezinzima. Ezinye zezibonelelo eziphambili ze-electropolishing ziquka:

• Akukho mfuneko yokucoca ngoomatshini
• Ingasetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-alloys
• Ishiya umaleko ochanekileyo nge-microscopically kumphezulu, iphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola
• Ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula umphezulu wokugqitywa kwee-alloys ezikhethekileyo ekunzima ukuzikhetha

Nangona kunjalo, i-electropolishing inokubiza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokuchola, kwaye isenokungabi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo kumacandelo amakhulu okanye imveliso ephezulu.

Iindlela zokugquma kunye nezithintelo

Iindlela zokugquma kunye nezithintelo zibandakanya ukusebenzisa ifilimu ekhuselayo okanye ukugubungela kumphezulu wesinyithi ukukhusela i-rust kunye nezinye iindlela zokubola. Ezi ndlela ngokuqhelekileyo zibhekwa njengento engasebenziyo kunokuba i-pickling okanye ezinye iindlela zokucoca, njengoko zingasusi ukungcola ebusweni. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuba luncedo kwizicelo ezithile apho injongo kukubonelela ngoluhlu olukhuselayo kunokucoca indawo. Ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokugquma kunye nezithintelo ziquka:

• Ukufaka ioli okanye igrisi yokugquma phezulu
• Ukusebenzisa i-coating yekhemikhali ephendula kunye nomphezulu wokubonelela ngokhuseleko
• Ukusebenzisa umqobo womzimba, njengefilimu yeplastiki, kumphezulu

Nangona iindlela zokugquma kunye nezithintelo ngokuqhelekileyo zingasebenzi kakuhle kunokukhethwa okanye ezinye iindlela zokucoca, zinokuba luncedo kwizicelo ezithile apho injongo kukubonelela ngoluhlu olukhuselayo kunokucoca indawo.

Pickling vs Passivation: Yintoni Umahluko?

I-Pickling yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu yokunyanga intsimbi kunye nezinye iintsimbi ukususa isikali, umhlwa kunye nobunye ukungcola kumphezulu. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-asidi kwintsimbi, echitha i-oxide layer kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ezikhoyo phezu komhlaba. Ngokungafaniyo ne-passivation, i-pickling idala utshintsho olukhulu kwisinyithi, luchaphazela kakhulu isakhiwo kunye nokubonakala kwayo.

Nanga amanye amanqaku aphambili ekufuneka uwaqaphele malunga nokukha:

• Inkqubo yokukhetha isetyenziselwa ukucoca kunye nokulungisa iindawo zetsimbi ukwenzela unyango olongezelelweyo okanye ukugqiba.
• I-asidi esetyenziselwa ukucoca inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetsimbi kunye nesiphumo esifunwayo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo isisombululo esinamandla se-hydrochloric okanye i-sulfuric acid.
• Ukuvunwa kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo eshushu okanye ebandayo, kuxhomekeke kwizinto kunye nenqanaba lokutya okukhoyo.
• Ubude bexesha lentsimbi eshiywe kwisisombululo sokukha iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetsimbi kunye neqondo lokubola okukhoyo.
• I-Pickling inokuchaphazela umbala kunye nokubonakala kwamalungu athile, njenge-chrome, kwaye kunokuchaphazela umsebenzi wamacandelo athile ukuba awuqhutywa kakuhle.
• Ukuvunwa akuyonkqubo ilula kwaye kufuna amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko ekufuneka alandelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabantu abenza unyango.

Passivation: Indlela Elula neNdalo eyenye

I-passivation, kwelinye icala, yindlela ephucukileyo ebonwa ngokubanzi njengengenabundlongondlongo kunokuchola. Isebenzisa i-asidi ye-nitric okanye i-citric acid ukwenza umaleko obhityileyo we-oksidi kumphezulu wesinyithi, okhusela ukubola okungaphezulu. Ngokungafaniyo ne-pickling, i-passivation ayihambi ngaphantsi kwendawo yesinyithi kwaye ayitshintshi iipropati zetsimbi.

Nanga amanye amanqaku aphambili ekufuneka uwaqaphele malunga nokupasa:

• I-Passivation isetyenziselwa ukukhusela insimbi engenasici kunye nezinye isinyithi kwi-corrosion kunye nezinye iindlela zomonakalo.
• Inkqubo ibandakanya ukucoca indawo yesinyithi ukususa nayiphi na into engcolileyo, ilandelwa kukusetyenziswa kwesisombululo se-asidi ukudala i-oxide ye-passive layer.
• I-Passivation yinkqubo yendalo eyenzeka xa iintsimbi ezithile zibonakaliswe emoyeni okanye emanzini, kodwa inokufezekiswa ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
• I-Passivation yindlela eyaziwayo ngokubanzi yokukhusela umphezulu wesinyithi kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo ye-aerospace, yezonyango, kunye neyokutya.
• Uhlobo lwe-asidi esetyenziswe kwi-passivation iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetsimbi kunye nesiphumo esifunwayo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo isisombululo esibuthathaka se-nitric okanye i-citric acid.

Owona mahluko uPhakathi kokuPickling kunye nokuPasa

Nazi ezinye zeeyantlukwano eziphambili phakathi kwe-pickling kunye ne-passivation:

• I-Pickling yindlela eyingozi ngakumbi yokunyanga umphezulu wesinyithi, ngelixa i-passivation iyinkqubo yendalo kunye nobumnene.
• I-Pickling idala utshintsho olukhulu kwisinyithi, luchaphazela kakhulu isakhiwo kunye nokubonakala kwayo, ngelixa i-passivation ayitshintshi iipropati zetsimbi.
• I-Pickling isetyenziselwa ukucoca kunye nokulungisa imiphezulu yesinyithi ukwenzela unyango olongezelelweyo okanye ukugqiba, ngelixa i-passivation isetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-metal surfaces kwi-corrosion kunye nezinye iindlela zomonakalo.
• I-asidi esetyenziswayo ekukhetheni isisombululo esinamandla se-hydrochloric okanye i-sulfuric acid, ngelixa i-asidi esetyenziswa kwi-passivation isisisombululo esibuthathaka se-nitric okanye i-citric acid.
• I-Pickling inokuchaphazela umbala kunye nokubonakala kweendawo ezithile, ezifana ne-chrome, ngelixa i-passivation ayichaphazeli kakhulu ukubonakala kwesinyithi.
• Ukuchola kufuna amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko ekufuneka alandelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabantu abaqhuba unyango, ngelixa ukunyangwa kuyinkqubo elula nekhuselekileyo iyonke.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, i-pickling yinkqubo yonyango engaphezulu esetyenziselwa ukususa ukungcola kumphezulu wesinyithi. Yinto eqhelekileyo kwimveliso yanamhlanje kwaye ibandakanya ukusebenzisa isisombululo esineasidi ukususa ukungcola okungaphezulu. Unokukhetha malunga nayo nayiphi na isinyithi, kodwa kungcono ukukrazula intsimbi, kuba yintsimbi eqhelekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa. Ke, ngoku uyayazi indlela yokuchola umphezulu wesinyithi, ke qhubela phambili kwaye ucofe!

NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.