Ukufuma okuhambelanayo (i-RH efinyeziweyo) ngumlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluyinxenye lomphunga wamanzi ukuya kuxinzelelo lomphunga olinganayo wamanzi kwiqondo lobushushu elifanayo. Ukufuma okuhambelanayo kuxhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa kunye noxinzelelo lwenkqubo yomdla.
Kule posi siza kugubungela:
- Ukulinganisa Ukufuma Okuhambelanayo: Isixhobo esiBalulekileyo sokuqonda Umoya Okungqongileyo
- Uxinano loMoya kunye noMqulu: Ukuqonda iNzululwazi eNgemva kokufuma okunxulumeneyo
- Indlela Uxinzelelo oluchaphazela ngayo ukufuma okuzalanayo
- Iimpembelelo zokufuma kokusiNgqongileyo nakwiMpilo
- Iinyani ezonwabileyo malunga nokufuma okuzalanayo
- isiphelo
Ukulinganisa Ukufuma Okuhambelanayo: Isixhobo esiBalulekileyo sokuqonda Umoya Okungqongileyo
Ukulinganisa ukufuma okunxulumeneyo yindlela yokufumanisa ukuba ungakanani umphunga wamanzi osemoyeni xa kuthelekiswa nowona mlinganiselo uphezulu onokwenzeka kwiqondo lobushushu elinikiweyo. Yindlela yokuqonda umgangatho womoya ojikelezayo kunye nendlela onokuchaphazela ngayo impilo yakho kunye nentuthuzelo.
Uyisebenzisa njani iHygrometer?
Ukusebenzisa i-hygrometer kulula kwaye kufuna umgudu omncinci. Nanga amanyathelo asisiseko:
- Fumana i-hygrometer efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.
- Landela imiyalelo yomenzi ukuseta i-hygrometer.
- Beka i-hygrometer kwindawo apho ufuna ukulinganisa ukufuma okuhambelanayo.
- Lindela i-hygrometer ukuzinza kwaye unike ukufunda.
- Qaphela oko kufundiweyo kwaye uthelekise noluhlu lokufuma oluhambelanayo oluyifaneleyo indawo okuyo.
- Ukuba kuyimfuneko, lungisa inqanaba lokufuma ngokusebenzisa iifeni, umoya opholileyo okanye ofudumeleyo, okanye ngokongeza okanye ukususa ukufuma emoyeni.
Zeziphi ezinye iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokulinganisa ukufuma okuzalanayo?
Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokukunceda ulinganise ukufuma ngokuchanekileyo:
- Qinisekisa ukuba i-hygrometer ilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.
- Beka i-hygrometer kude nelanga elithe ngqo, iidrafti, kunye nemithombo yobushushu okanye ukufuma.
- Thatha ufundo oluninzi ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo osuku ukuze uqonde ngcono ukufuma okunxulumene nendawo.
- Ukwazi ubushushu bomoya kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe kakuhle ukufuma okunxulumeneyo. Sebenzisa ithemometha ukulinganisa ubushushu.
Ukulinganisa ukufuma okuhambelanayo yindlela elula yokukunceda ukuba uqonde umoya ojikelezayo kunye nendlela onokuyichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho kunye nokuthuthuzela. Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo, unokufumana ukufundwa ngokuchanekileyo komswakama ohambelanayo kwaye uthathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuphucula umgangatho womoya.
Uxinano loMoya kunye noMqulu: Ukuqonda iNzululwazi eNgemva kokufuma okunxulumeneyo
Umoya yinto equkethe amasuntswana afana neemolekyuli, ezihlala zishukuma. Inani lamasuntswana kumthamo onikiweyo womoya waziwa njengoxinzelelo lomoya. Xa umphunga wamanzi wongezwa emoyeni, udala utshintsho kubuninzi bomoya kunye nomthamo. Olu tshintsho kuxinzelelo lomoya yinto esiyaziyo njengokufuma okuhambelanayo.
Indima yoxinzelelo kuMlinganiso wokufuma okuFanelekileyo
Isixhobo senzululwazi esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukufuma okunxulumeneyo saziwa ngokuba yi-hygrometer. Esi sixhobo sisebenza ngokulinganisa inxenye yoxinzelelo lomphunga osemoyeni. I-hygrometer ilinganiswe kwiqondo lokushisa elithile kunye noxinzelelo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwinqanaba lolwandle, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-standard state. Xa uxinzelelo lutshintsha, utshintsho olubangelwayo kuxinzelelo lomoya luchaphazela umlinganiselo womswakama ohambelanayo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukujonga isixhobo rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukufundwa okuchanekileyo.
Impembelelo yoMthetho werhasi oLungileyo kuMfume oNxulumanayo
Umthetho ofanelekileyo werhasi ngumgaqo wenzululwazi ochaza unxulumano phakathi koxinzelelo, umthamo, kunye nobushushu berhasi. Lo mthetho unokusetyenziswa emoyeni, ongumxube wegesi. Umthetho ofanelekileyo wegesi uthi njengoko umthamo wegesi ukhula, uxinzelelo luyehla, kwaye ngokuphambene. Oku kuthetha ukuba utshintsho kumthamo womoya lunokuchaphazela ukufuma okunxulumeneyo.
Imizekelo Yendlela Ukufuma Okubuchaphazela Ngayo Ubomi Bethu Bemihla Ngemihla
Le ilandelayo yeminye yemizekelo yendlela ukufuma okunxulumene nobuchaphazela ngayo ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla:
- Ukufuma okuphezulu okunxulumeneyo kunokusenza sizive sishushu kwaye sincangathi, ngelixa ukufuma okusezantsi kusenza sizive somile kwaye sirhawuzelelwa.
- Ukufuma okuhambelanayo kuchaphazela ixesha lokumisa ipeyinti, yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukwazi ukufuma okuhambelanayo ngaphambi kokuba uqalise nawuphi na umsebenzi wokupeyinta.
- Ukufuma okuhambelanayo kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwezixhobo zomculo ezenziwe ngomthi, ezifana neziginkci kunye neevayolini. Ukufuma okuphezulu okunxulumene nokhuni kunokubangela ukuba iinkuni zidumbe, ngelixa ukufuma okuphantsi kwesalamane kunokubangela ukuba iinkuni zicutheke kwaye ziqhekeke.
- Ukufuma okuhambelanayo kuchaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo, njengoko izityalo zifuna inqanaba elithile lokufuma ukuze zikhule.
Indlela Uxinzelelo oluchaphazela ngayo ukufuma okuzalanayo
Xa inkqubo ishushu ngokwe-isobarically, oku kuthetha ukuba ifudunyezwa ngaphandle kotshintsho kuxinzelelo lwenkqubo, ukufuma okuhambelanayo kwenkqubo kuncipha. Oku kungenxa yokuba umphunga woxinzelelo lwamanzi unyuka ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu. Ngenxa yoko, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluyinxenye lomphunga wamanzi ukuya kuxinzelelo lomphunga olinganayo wamanzi acocekileyo uyahla, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukufuma okunxulumeneyo kunciphe nako.
Kwelinye icala, xa inkqubo icinezelwe ngokwe-isothermally, oku kuthetha ukuba ixinzelelwe ngaphandle kotshintsho kwiqondo lobushushu, ukufuma okunxulumene nenkqubo kuyanda. Oku kungenxa yokuba umthamo wenkqubo uyancipha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uxinzelelo oluyinxenye lomphunga lunyuke. Ngenxa yoko, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluyinxenye lomphunga wamanzi ukuya kuxinzelelo lomphunga olinganayo wamanzi acocekileyo uyanyuka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukufuma okunxulumeneyo kunyuke nako.
Ukuqonda izinto eziNgxaki ezichaphazela ukufuma okuzalanayo
Ngelixa ukuxhomekeka koxinzelelo lokufuma okunxulumeneyo kubudlelwane obunamandla obusekwe kakuhle, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba unxibelelwano phakathi koxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye neempawu zomxube werhasi kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Ngokukodwa, into yokuphucula, engumsebenzi weempawu zomxube werhasi, inokuchaphazela kakhulu ukufuma kwenkqubo.
Ukubala ukufuma okunxulumene nenkqubo, eyona ndlela ilula kukusebenzisa i-hygrometer ye-dew point, esisixhobo esilinganisa iqondo lobushushu apho umbethe uqalisa ukubumbeka kwindawo epholileyo. Ubushushu bendawo yombethe busetyenziswa ukuqikelela ukufuma kwenkqubo kusetyenziswa i-equation exhomekeke kwiimpawu zomxube werhasi.
Iimpembelelo zokufuma kokusiNgqongileyo nakwiMpilo
- Amanqanaba aphezulu okufuma anokubangela ukufuma okugqithisileyo, okukhokelela ekukhuleni kokungunda kunye nomonakalo kwizinto zokwakha.
- Umoya owomileyo kakhulu unokubangela ukuba izixhobo zibe brittle kwaye ziqhekeke.
- Ukufuma kunokuchaphazela iipropati ze-thermal zezinto eziphathekayo, okwenza ukuba zingasebenzi kakuhle ekuboneleleni okanye ukupholisa.
- Ukufuma kunokuchaphazela ubomi bezinto ezibuthathaka, ezifana ne-elektroniki okanye umsebenzi wobugcisa.
Impembelelo kwiMozulu namaXesha oNyaka
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela i-avareji yobushushu bommandla, kunye nemimandla emanzi ngokubanzi ifumana amaqondo apholileyo kunye nemimandla eyomileyo efumana amaqondo obushushu ashushu.
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela ukufudumeza kwemitha kumphezulu womhlaba, kube negalelo kwimpembelelo yegreenhouse kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela amaxesha onyaka, ihlobo lidla ngokuba lelona xesha lonyaka lokufuma kwiindawo ezininzi.
- Indawo yombethe, indawo apho umphunga wamanzi osemoyeni uqalisa ukujiya, ngumlinganiselo wokufuma kwaye unokusetyenziselwa ukuqikelela imo yezulu.
Impembelelo kwiMpilo kunye nokuPholisa
- Amanqanaba aphezulu okufuma angenza ukuba uzive ushushu ngaphandle, njengoko umphumo odibeneyo wokushisa komoya kunye nokufuma kudala isalathisi sobushushu.
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela amandla omzimba okuzipholisa ngokubila, nto leyo eyenza ukuba uzive ungakhululekanga ngeentsuku ezishushu nezifumileyo.
- Ukufuma kunokuchaphazela umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi kunye nokukhula kwesikhunta, esinokuba neempembelelo ezimbi kwimpilo yokuphefumla.
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela ukusebenza kweenkqubo zokupholisa, ngamaqondo aphezulu okufuma okwenza kube nzima ukupholisa indawo.
Impembelelo kuMandla kunye noLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela amandla afunekayo ukupholisa okanye ukufudumeza indawo, kunye namaqondo okufuma aphezulu afuna amandla amaninzi ukufikelela kwinqanaba elifanayo lokuthuthuzela.
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela amandla afunekayo kwiinkqubo zoshishino, ezifana nokomisa okanye ukunyanga izinto.
- Ukufuma kuchaphazela amandla okulawula iimeko zokusingqongileyo kwiindawo ezifana nezindlu zokugcina izityalo okanye amaziko edatha.
- Ukufuma sisihloko esithandwayo kwiijenali zobugcisa kwaye sihlala sisetyenziswa kuyilo lweenkqubo zeHVAC kunye nezinye iinkqubo zolawulo lokusingqongileyo.
Lilonke, ukufuma kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kokusingqongileyo, impilo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda iziphumo zokufuma kunye nendlela yokulawula ukugcina ukhululekile kwaye unempilo yokuhlala kunye nendawo yokusebenza.
Iinyani ezonwabileyo malunga nokufuma okuzalanayo
Xa ukufuma kuphezulu, unokuziva ushushu kunobushushu bokwenyani kuba umzimba wakho awukwazi ukupholisa ngokufanelekileyo ngokubila. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, xa ukufuma okuhambelanayo kuphantsi, unokuziva upholile kunobushushu bokwenene kuba ukubila kuphuma umphunga ngokukhawuleza, kukwenza uzive womile kwaye upholile.
Amanqanaba okuHumidity angaphakathi kufuneka alawulwe
Ukugcina inqanaba lokufuma eliphakathi kwe-30% ukuya kwi-50% ngaphakathi endlwini kulungele ukukhululeka kunye nempilo. Ukuba ukufuma kuphantsi kakhulu, kunokubangela ulusu olomileyo, umbane ongashukumiyo, kunye nomonakalo kwifanitshala yamaplanga. Ukuba iphezulu kakhulu, inokukhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta kunye uthuli (nantsi indlela yokuzinyamekela), nto leyo enokubangela ukungezwani komzimba kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla.
Umphunga Wamanzi Khaphukhaphu kunoMoya
Umphunga wamanzi ukhaphukhaphu kunomoya owomileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba umoya ofumileyo awuxinana kakhulu kunomoya owomileyo. Yiloo nto umoya ofumileyo unyuka kwaye kutheni amafu kunye nenkungu inokubumba kwiatmosfera.
I-Supersaturation inokukhokelela kumafu kunye nenkungu
Xa umoya upholile, ukufuma okuhambelanayo kuyenyuka. Ukuba umoya ugcwele, umphunga wamanzi ogqithisileyo uya kuhlangana ube ngamathontsi amancinane angamalwelo okanye iikristale zomkhenkce, zenze amafu okanye inkungu. Xa kungekho masuntswana abizwa ngokuba yi-nuclei, anokusebenza njengendawo yokuba umphunga wamanzi ujike, umoya unokuba ne-supersaturated, nto leyo ebangela ukuvela kwenkungu.
I-Wilson Cloud Chamber ichaza ngokuSekwa kwamafu
Nangona inganxulumananga ngokuthe ngqo nokufuma okunxulumeneyo, igumbi lelifu likaWilson, eliyilwe yingcali yefiziksi uCharles Wilson, linesingxobo esitywiniweyo esizaliswe ngumphunga wotywala kunye namanzi. Xa i-particle ehlawulweyo idlula kwi-container, i-ionize umphunga, okukhokelela ekubunjweni kwamathontsi abonakalayo akhula abe yinkqubo efana nelifu. Lo mgaqo ufana nokwakheka kwamafu emoyeni.
Ukufuma kunokuchaphazela amaNqanaba oLwandle
Njengoko iqondo lobushushu lolwandle lisanda, iimolekyuli zamanzi zifumana amandla e-kinetic kwaye zijika zibe ngumphunga, zandise umphunga wamanzi emoyeni ngaphezu kolwandle. Oku kubangela ukwanda koxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric, olunokubangela ukunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle. Ukongeza, umphunga wamanzi ogqithisileyo kwi-atmosfera unokukhokelela kwimvula engakumbi, enokuthi ibe negalelo ekunyukeni komgangatho wolwandle.
Ukufuma kunokuchaphazela ubuninzi bezinto
Xa into ifunxa umphunga wamanzi emoyeni, ubunzima bayo buyanda. Oku kunokuba yinkxalabo kumashishini afuna imilinganiselo echanekileyo, efana namayeza okanye i-electronics. Ukongezelela, ukufuma kunokuchaphazela ubunzima beemveliso zokutya, okubangela imilinganiselo engachanekanga kwiiresiphi.
Ukuqukumbela, ukufuma okuhambelanayo ngumxholo onomdla ochaphazela ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla ngeendlela ezininzi kunokuba sicinga. Ukusuka ekuchaphazeleni amanqanaba ethu okuthuthuzela ukuya ekubeni negalelo ekunyukeni komphakamo wolwandle, kubalulekile ukuqonda amacandelo kunye nemigaqo yokufuma ukugcina imeko engqongileyo esempilweni nekhuselekileyo.
isiphelo
Ngoko ke, oko kukufuma okunxulumene ngamafutshane. Ngumlinganiselo wobungakanani bomphunga wamanzi osemoyeni xa kuthelekiswa nobona buninzi bunokwenzeka xa kunikwa iqondo lobushushu. Kufuneka wazi ukufuma okunxulumeneyo ukuqonda umgangatho womoya kunye nokuthuthuzela, kwaye yindlela elula yokwenza oko. Ke, ungoyiki ukusebenzisa i-hygrometer kwaye uyilinganise!
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.
