I-Soldering yinkqubo yokudibanisa iintsimbi ezi-2 enye kwenye ukuze idibanise eyomeleleyo kwaye eyomeleleyo. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa isinyithi sokuzalisa.
Le ndlela yokudibanisa isinyithi enye kwenye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-electronics. Imibhobho kunye nemisebenzi yesinyithi nayo inokusetyenziswa kakhulu kobu buchule.
Kuxhomekeke kwimeko, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze iifluji zisetyenziswa. I-soldering ye-Electronics yintsimi ebuthathaka kakhulu apho ukuguquguquka okusetyenzisiweyo kufuneka kube neempawu ezithile, ezifana nokungaqhubeki.
Kweli nqaku, ndiza kukuxelela malunga neentlobo ze-flux ezisetyenziswa kwi-soldering ye-elektroniki, kunye nento omele uyiqwalasele ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise enye yazo.
Kule posi siza kugubungela:
- Kutheni le nto i-flux ifuneka kwi-soldering ye-elektroniki?
- Oxidation: Ngaba yinto embi?
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flux ukususa i-oxidation
- Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-flux kwi-soldering ye-elektroniki
- Uhlobo lwe-flux yokuphepha kwi-soldering ye-elektroniki: i-Inorganic acid flux
- Sebenzisa uhlobo olufanelekileyo lokuguquguquka komsebenzi
Kutheni le nto i-flux ifuneka kwi-soldering ye-elektroniki?
Ngelixa uzama ukuzalisa indawo yokudibanisa ye-2 yesinyithi ngenye isinyithi (esiyi-soldering), ukungcola kunye ne-debris kuloo mimandla yentsimbi ithintela ukudalwa kokudibanisa okulungileyo. Ungasusa kwaye ucoce ubumdaka obunga-oxidizing kule miphezulu ngokulula, kodwa kuya kufuneka usebenzise i-flux xa uzama ukususa i-oxidation.
Oxidation: Ngaba yinto embi?
I-oxidation yinto yendalo. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba konke kulungile.
Zonke iintsimbi zisabela ngeoksijini esemoyeni nakwimichiza entsonkothileyo kwimichiza enzima ukuyisusa kwaye yenza kube nzima ukuyithengisa. Ukuxutywa komzimba kubizwa ngokuba ngumhlwa kwintsimbi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flux ukususa i-oxidation
I-Flux yenye i-chemical compound ephendula nge-oxidation, phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, ukunyibilika, kunye nokususa i-oxidation. Kufuneka rhoqo sebenzisa ukubhobhoza ukucoca i-oxidation kwincam yakho yentsimbi yokuthambisa kuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ayayikhawulezisa.
Gcina oku engqondweni ukuba uyafuna ukwenza isinyithi sakho se-soldering.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-flux kwi-soldering ye-elektroniki
Umbane osetyenziswa kwiibhodi zeesekethe zombane awufani nalawo asetyenziswa kwiingcingo kuba zifuna iipropathi ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kumbane.
Apha ngezantsi, ndiza kukuxelela malunga nazo zonke iintlobo ze-flux ezifumaneka kwintengiso ye-electronic soldering.
Ukuhamba kwerosin
Ukubetha zonke ezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ngokweminyaka yobudala yi-rosin flux.
Ngexesha leentsuku zokuqala zemveliso, i-rosin fluxes yenziwa kwi-pine sap. Emva kokuba incindi iqokelelwe, iyacocwa kwaye icocwe ibe yi-rosin flux.
Nangona kunjalo, kule mihla, ezinye iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo kunye nee-fluxes zixutywe kunye ne-pine sap esulungekileyo ukuvelisa i-rosin flux.
I-rosin flux ijika ibe yi-asidi elulwelo kwaye ihamba lula xa ishushu. Kodwa xa ipholile, iba qinile kwaye ingasebenzi.
Isebenza kakhulu ekususeni i-oxidation kwiintsimbi. Emva kokuyisebenzisa kwiisekethe, ungayishiya kwindawo yayo eqinileyo, engasebenziyo. Ayisayi kusabela ngayo nayiphi na enye into ngaphandle kokuba ishushu ngokwaneleyo ukuze ijike ibe yiasidi.
Ukuba ufuna ukususa i-residu emva kokusebenzisa i-rosin flux, kufuneka usebenzise utywala, njengoko ayinayo i-soluble yamanzi. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka usebenzise utywala endaweni yamanzi alula.
Kodwa akukho bungozi ekushiyeni intsalela njengoko injalo, ngaphandle kokuba unqwenela ukwenza umsebenzi wobulumko wokugcina ibhodi yakho yesekethe icocekile.
Organic acid flux
Iiasidi ze-Organic ezifana ne-citric acid, i-lactic acid, kunye ne-stearic acids zisetyenziselwa ukudala olu hlobo lwe-flux. Ubume obubuthathaka bezi acid, ezidityaniswe ne-isopropyl alcohol kunye namanzi, zenza i-organic acid fluxes.
Inzuzo enkulu ye-organic acid fluxes kukuba zinyibilika ngokupheleleyo emanzini, ngokungafaniyo ne-rosin flux.
Ukongeza kuloo nto, njengoko ipropathi ene-acidic ye-organic acid fluxes iphezulu kune-rosin fluxes, yomelele. Ngenxa yoko, banokucoca iioksidi kwiindawo zentsimbi ngokukhawuleza.
I-couple le oxidation isusa amandla kunye nendalo yayo enyibilikayo, kwaye unentsalela ye-flux ekulula ukuyicoca. Akukho tywala bufunekayo!
Nangona kunjalo, le nzuzo yokucoca iza kwiindleko. Ulahlekelwa yipropathi engenzi-conductivity yentsalela ye-rosin flux kuba iqhutywa ngombane kwaye inokuchaphazela ukusebenza ngokubanzi kunye nokusebenza kwesekethe.
Ke qiniseka ukuba uyayisusa intsalela ye-flux emva kwe-soldering.
Ukuguquguquka okungacocekanga
Kanye njengoko igama licebisa, awudingi ukucoca intsalela kolu hlobo lokushukuma. Yenza imali encinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye ii-fluxes ezi-2.
Ukuguquguquka okungacocekanga kusekwe kwiiasidi eziphilayo kunye nezinye iikhemikhali. Ezi zidla ngokuza kwiisirinji ukuze zibe lula.
Kwiisekethe ezisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokunyuka komphezulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa olu hlobo lwe-flux.
Kwakhona, uluhlu lwegridi yebhola luhlobo lwebhodi ephakanyiswe phezulu exhamla kakhulu kwii-fluxes ezingacocekanga. Isixa esincinci sentsalela esiyivelisayo asikwazi ukuqhuba okanye ukudleka. Unokuzisebenzisa kwiibhodi ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo emva kokufakwa.
Nangona kunjalo, abanye abasebenzisi bafumana isixa esikhulu ngokumangalisayo sentsalela ekunzima ukuyisusa, ngaphandle kokuqhuba.
Lumka xa usebenzisa ezi fluxes kwiibhodi ze-analog ezine-impedance ephezulu. Sicebisa ukuba wenze uphando olongezelelekileyo phambi kokusebenzisa i-no-clean flux oceba ukuyisebenzisa.
Uhlobo lwe-flux yokuphepha kwi-soldering ye-elektroniki: i-Inorganic acid flux
I-Inorganic acid fluxes iveliswa kumxube weeasidi ezinamandla eziquka (kodwa zingaphelelanga) kwi-hydrochloric acid.
Kuya kufuneka ukuphephe ukushukuma kwe-inorganic kwiisekethe okanye nawaphi na amanye amalungu e-elektroniki, njengoko zombini i-flux kunye nentsalela yayo inokonakalisa. Zenzelwe iintsimbi ezomeleleyo, hayi iindawo zombane.
Jonga ividiyo ye-SDG Electronics yomsebenzisi kaYouTube kweyona flux ilungileyo yokuthengisa:
Sebenzisa uhlobo olufanelekileyo lokuguquguquka komsebenzi
Njengoko ubona, zonke iintlobo ze-flux zinezibonelelo zazo kunye nokungalunganga xa kuziwa usebenzisa i-flux ye-soldering. Ngoku unoluhlu onokukhetha kulo ngelixa usenza umsebenzi wakho wokuthengisela kwizinto zombane.
Akukho mntu unokubhengeza nayiphi na kwezi zinto zihambayo njengeyona ilungileyo phaya, njengoko imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo iya kufuna ukushukuma okwahlukileyo.
Ukuba usebenza kwiisekethe ezisebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-surface-mount, ukubheja kwakho kuya kuba kukungacoceki. Kodwa yilumkele into eseleyo eyongezelelweyo.
Kwaye kwezinye iisekethe, unokukhetha nantoni na phakathi kwe-organic acid flux kunye ne-rosin flux. Bobabini benza umsebenzi obalaseleyo!
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.
