I-Desoldering 101: Ungachithwa Kanjani Ngamathuluzi Alungile

I-Desoldering yinkqubo yokukhipha i-solder ekuhlanganyeleni usebenzisa ithuluzi le-desoldering. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa kuma-elekthronikhi lapho ingxenye idinga ukususwa noma lapho i-solder joint idinga ukusetshenzwa kabusha.
Kungumsebenzi onzima kwabaqalayo kodwa ngamathuluzi namasu afanele, ungaba uchwepheshe kuwo.

Kulo mhlahlandlela, ngizokukhombisa konke odinga ukukwazi ukuze uqalise.

I-Desoldering: Isiqondiso Sabaqalayo

I-Desoldering inqubo yokukhipha i-solder engafuneki noma eyeqile ebhodini lesifunda noma ingxenye kagesi. Le nqubo ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwenzeni nasekulungiseni izinto zikagesi. Kubandakanya ukususa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene noma izikhonkwane ebhodini lesekethe noma ezinye izindikimba zensimbi.

Yimaphi Amathuluzi Namasu Adingekayo Ukuze Uqedele?

Ukwenza i-desoldering, uzodinga amathuluzi namasu alandelayo:

• I-desoldering iron noma i-soldering iron ene-desoldering tip
• I-wick yokuqothula noma iphampu yokuqothula
• Indwangu yokuhlanza ichopho lensimbi
• Indwangu eyomile yokuhlanza ibhodi ngemva kokuchithwa
• Indawo yokubamba insimbi uma ingasetshenziswa

Kanjani Desolder Ngokuphephile futhi Ngokufanele?

I-Desoldering ingaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela futhi ulandele lezi zinyathelo ukuze uqinisekise imiphumela emihle:

• Khetha ithuluzi elifanele le-desoldering kuye ngezidingo zakho
• Hlola inani lamaphini kanye nosayizi wesigaba esidinga ukususwa
• Qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi ibhodi noma ingxenye ngenkathi uhlanza
• Sebenzisa ithuluzi le-desoldering ukushisa i-solder kuze kube yilapho ishisa ngokwanele ukuba incibilike
• Faka i-wick encibilikayo noma iphampu ukuze ususe i-solder eyeqile
• Hlanza ichopho lensimbi ngendwangu ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye
• Sebenzisa indwangu eyomile ukuhlanza ibhodi ngemva kokuchithwa

Yiziphi Izindlela Ezihlukene Zokuqothula?

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-desoldering:

• I-desoldering nge-desoldering iron noma i-soldering iron ene-desoldering tip
• Ukuqothula ngephampu yokuqothula noma intambo yokuqothula

Ukusebenzisa i-iron desoldering noma a i-soldering iron ngethiphu ye-desoldering kuyindlela elula futhi ephephile, eyenze ilungele abasebenzisi be-novice. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa ipompo yokuqothula noma i-wick yokuqothula kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ikhono nolwazi olwengeziwe.

Yimaphi Amathiphu Okuphumelela Kwe-Desoldering?

Ukuze i-desolder ngempumelelo, gcina amathiphu alandelayo engqondweni:

• Yiba nesineke futhi uthathe isikhathi sakho
• Faka ithuluzi le-desoldering ku-solder imizuzwana embalwa ngaphambi kokuyikhipha
• Qinisekisa ukuthi ichopho lensimbi lihlanzekile futhi lomile ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa
• Khetha ithuluzi elifanele lokukhipha umsebenzi
• Qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi ibhodi noma ingxenye ngenkathi uhlanza

I-Desoldering ingaba umsebenzi onzima, kodwa ngamathuluzi afanele, amasu, namathiphu, kungaba indlela elula nephumelelayo yokukhipha i-solder engadingeki noma eyeqile ebhodini lesifunda noma ingxenye kagesi.

Kungani Akufanele Wesabe Ukudiliza Izingxenye Zakho

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I-Desoldering kuyikhono elibalulekile kunoma yimuphi umakadebona we-soldering onekhono. Esinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu ze-desoldering ukuhlenga izingxenye ezinephutha. Uma ingxenye yehluleka, kuvame ukuba ngenxa yephutha ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-solder. Ngokususa ingxenye engalungile, ungahlola i-solder ehlangene futhi unqume ukuthi idinga ukusetshenzwa kabusha. Uma ukuhlanganisa kulungile, ungasebenzisa kabusha ingxenye kumaphrojekthi azayo.

Ukukhipha Ingxenye Engalungile

Esinye isizathu esivamile sokwenza i-desoldering ukususa ingxenye engalungile. Kulula ukwenza amaphutha lapho u-soldering, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza namabhodi amadala anezingxenye eziningi. I-Desoldering ikuvumela ukuthi uhlehlise lawo maphutha futhi ususe ingxenye engalungile ngaphandle kokulimaza ibhodi.

Ukusebenzisa kabusha Izingxenye Ezidayisiwe

I-Desoldering futhi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise kabusha izingxenye ezidayisiwe. Uma unengxenye ofuna ukuyisebenzisa kuphrojekthi ehlukile, ungayiqeda endaweni ekuyo futhi uyisebenzise kwenye indawo. Lokhu kungakongela imali nesikhathi, njengoba ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uthenge ingxenye entsha.

Ukugwema Amaphutha Avamile

I-Desoldering ingaba inqubo engcolile, kodwa ngamathuluzi afanele kanye namasu, ungagwema amaphutha avamile. Nawa amanye amathiphu wokukusiza u-desolder njengochwepheshe:

• Sebenzisa intambo ye-desoldering noma ithusi eliboshiwe ukusiza ekukhipheni i-solder.
• Faka i-flux ekuhlanganyeleni ukusiza i-solder igeleze kalula.
• Shisisa ilunga ngokulinganayo ukugwema ukulimaza ibhodi.
• Hlanza i-joint ngemva kokuchithwa ukuze ususe noma iyiphi i-flux esele noma i-solder.

I-mastering the Art of Desoldering: Amathiphu namasu

Uma kukhulunywa nge-desoldering, ukuba namathuluzi afanele kubalulekile. Nawa amanye amathiphu okufanele uwacabangele lapho uthenga amathuluzi e-desoldering:

• Bheka insimbi encibilikayo enesici sokulawula izinga lokushisa. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ulungise ukushisa ngokwengxenye osebenza kuyo.
• Cabangela ukuthenga iphampu yokukhipha amanzi noma i-plunger. Lawa mathuluzi amunca i-solder encibilikisiwe kalula futhi ngokushesha.
• Izintambo zokuqothula nazo ziyithuluzi elihle lokuba nazo. Zimunca i-solder encibilikisiwe futhi zingasetshenziswa ukususa i-solder eyeqile ku-PCB.

Ukulungiselela i-Desoldering

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukukhiqiza i-desoldering, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzenze ukuze uzilungiselele:

• Shisisa i-iron yakho encibilikayo ezingeni lokushisa elifanele.
• Faka i-flux engxenyeni ofuna ukuyisusa. Lokhu kuzosiza i-solder incibilike kalula.
• Sebenzisa ithiphu lensimbi kunsimbi yakho encibilikayo. Amathiphu ensimbi aqhuba ukushisa kangcono kunezinye izinto, okwenza inqubo yokushisa iphumelele.

Desoldering Techniques

Uma kukhulunywa nge-desoldering, kunezindlela ezimbili ezinkulu: ukushisa nokukhipha. Nawa amathiphu endlela ngayinye:

• Ukushisisa: Faka ukushisa endaweni ehlanganisiwe kuze kuncibilike i-solder. Bese, ucindezela ngokushesha inkinobho empompini yakho encibilikayo noma i-plunger ukuze umunce isolder esincibilikisiwe.
• Ukususa: Gcoba intambo yakho encibilikayo ku-flux bese uyibeka endaweni ehlangene ye-solder. Shisisa intambo ngensimbi yakho encibilika kuze kube yilapho i-solder incibilika futhi imuncwa yintambo.

Amathuluzi Ohwebo: Okudingayo Ukuze Uqedele

Uma kukhulunywa nge-desoldering, kunamathuluzi ahlukahlukene ongawasebenzisa ukwenza umsebenzi wenziwe. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamathuluzi e-desoldering:

• I-Soldering Iron: Leli ithuluzi elishisayo elincibilikisa i-solder, elikuvumela ukuthi ususe ingxenye ebhodini lesifunda. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa usayizi wethiphu olungile kanye nokusetha ukushisa ukuze uvimbele ukulimala ebhodini noma engxenyeni.

• I-Desoldering Pump: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-solder sucker, leli thuluzi lisebenzisa ukumunca ukususa i-solder encibilikisiwe ebhodini. Kuyinketho edumile yokudala ama-bursts amafushane wokudonsa ukususa amanani amancane e-solder.

• I-Desoldering Wick/Braid: Lena intambo yethusi ephothiweyo efakwa ezixhunyweni ezithengisiwe futhi ifudunyezwe ngensimbi yokunamathisela. Ucingo lumunca i-solder encibilikisiwe futhi luqinise, luvumele ukuba ilahlwe.

• Ama-Tweezers: Lawa amathuluzi amancane, ekhwalithi ephezulu angakusiza ukuthi uthathe futhi ukhiphe izingxenye ebhodini ngaphandle kokuzilimaza.

Amathuluzi Angcono Kakhulu Wokuqeda Izidingo Zakho

Ukukhetha ithuluzi elifanele le-desoldering lezidingo zakho kungaba nzima, kodwa nazi ezinye izici okufanele uzicabangele:

• Ikhwalithi: Ukutshala imali kumathuluzi ekhwalithi ephezulu kungenza inqubo ye-desoldering ibe lula futhi isebenze kahle.

• Uhlobo Lwengxenye: Izingxenye ezihlukene zidinga izindlela ezihlukene zokususa, ngakho-ke cabangela uhlobo lwengxenye osebenza ngayo lapho ukhetha ithuluzi.

• Indawo engaphezulu: Uma usebenza ngendawo enkulu, ipompo yokukhipha amanzi noma i-vacuum ingaba inketho engcono kakhulu.

• Ubude Bentambo: Uma usebenza ngezintambo, intambo yentambo noma i-braid ingase ibe inketho engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukulimala kocingo.

Ukubaluleka Kokusebenzisa Ithuluzi Elilungile Lokuqothula

Ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elifanele le-desoldering kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukulimala ebhodini noma engxenyeni. Nawa amanye amathiphu angakusiza ukhethe ithuluzi elilungile:

• Cabangela uhlobo lwengxenye osebenza ngayo.

• Cabanga ngendawo engaphezulu osebenza nayo.

• Khetha ithuluzi elifanele ubude bentambo osebenza ngayo.

• Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela inqubo elungile yokudiliza ukuvimbela ukulimala ebhodini noma engxenyeni.

I-Mastering the Art of Desoldering: Amasu Okufanele Uwazi

Icebo #1: Faka ukushisa

I-Desoldering imayelana nokukhipha i-solder ekhona ekuhlanganyeleni ukuze ukwazi ukufaka esikhundleni noma ukuhlenga ingxenye enesici. Inqubo yokuqala ihilela ukusebenzisa ukushisa ekuhlanganyeleni ukuze kuncibilike i-solder. Nansi indlela yokwenza:

• Beka ichopho lensimbi yakho ehlanganisiwe bese uliyeka lishise imizuzwana embalwa.
• Uma i-solder isiqala ukuncibilika, susa i-ayoni futhi usebenzise ipompo yokuqeda ukumunca i-solder encibilikisiwe.
• Phinda inqubo kuze kube yilapho yonke i-solder isusiwe.

Indlela #2: Ukusebenzisa i-Desoldering Braid

Enye indlela edumile yokwenza i-desoldering isebenzisa i-desoldering braid. Lolu wucingo lwethusi oluncane olunamekwe ngalo ukuhamba futhi isetshenziselwe ukucisha indikimba encibilikisiwe. Nansi indlela yokuyisebenzisa:

• Beka i-desoldering braid phezu kwesihlanganisi ofuna ukususa kuso i-solder.
• Faka ukushisa ku-braid nge-solder iron yakho kuze kube yilapho i-solder incibilika futhi igxilile e-braid.
• Susa i-braid bese uphinda inqubo kuze kube yilapho yonke i-solder isusiwe.

Icebo #3: I-Combination Technique

Ngezinye izikhathi, inhlanganisela yamasu iyadingeka ukususa i-solder enenkani. Nansi indlela yokwenza:

• Faka ukushisa endaweni ehlangene nge-soldering iron yakho.
• Ngenkathi i-solder incibilikile, sebenzisa ipompo yokususa ukuze ususe i-solder eningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Beka i-desoldering braid ku-solder esele futhi usebenzise ukushisa kuze kube yilapho ingena ku-braid.
• Phinda inqubo kuze kube yilapho yonke i-solder isusiwe.

Khumbula, ukwenza i-desoldering kudinga isineke nokuzijwayeza. Ngalawa masu, uzokwazi ukuhlenga izingxenye ezikhona bese ufaka esikhundleni esinesici njengochwepheshe!

I-Desoldering Wick: Izindlela Ezilula Nezisebenzayo Zokukhipha I-Solder Eqile

Intambo ye-desoldering isebenza ngokumunca i-solder eyeqile ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-capillary. Lapho ukushisa kufakwa kwi-solder, iba uketshezi futhi iba yimbi ngemicu yethusi ephothiweyo entanjeni. I-solder ibe isibi kude nengxenye, ishiye ihlanzekile futhi ilungele ukususwa.

Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Intambo Encibilikayo

Ukusebenzisa i-wick desoldering kunezinzuzo eziningana kunezinye izindlela zokususa i-solder ngokweqile, okuhlanganisa:

• Kuyithuluzi elilula nelingabizi elingatholakala kalula.
• Ivumela ukuhlanzwa okunembile kwamaphedi e-PCB, amatheminali, nemikhondo yengxenye.
• Kuyindlela engabhubhisi yokukhipha i-solder eyeqile, okusho ukuthi ingxenye mancane amathuba okuthi yonakale ngesikhathi senqubo.
• Kuyindlela esheshayo nephumelelayo yokukhipha i-solder eyeqile.

Sengiphetha, intambo yokuqothula iyithuluzi elibalulekile kunoma ubani ohileleke ezingxenyeni ze-soldering kanye ne-desoldering. Ngokuzijwayeza okuncane, kungenziwa kalula futhi kusetshenziselwe ukususa ngokushesha futhi ngempumelelo i-solder eyengeziwe kunoma iyiphi ingxenye.

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke usunakho- ukungena nokuphuma kokuchithwa. Kuyinqubo ekhohlisayo, kodwa ngamathuluzi namasu afanele, ungakwenza njengochwepheshe. 

Manje usuyazi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-desolder, ungonga imali nesikhathi ngokuhlenga izingxenye ezinephutha futhi uzisebenzise kabusha kumaphrojekthi azayo.

Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.