Umhlahlandlela ophelele wama-generator edizili: izingxenye nokusetshenziswa

Ijeneretha ye-diesel yenziwe ngenjini ye-diesel kanye generator kagesi ukukhiqiza ugesi amandla.

Yenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukusebenzisa udizili, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zama-generator zisebenzisa amanye amafutha, igesi, noma kokubili (ukusebenza kwe-bi-fuel operation). Njengoba uzobona, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezintathu zama-generator, kepha sigxile kudizili.

Ezimweni eziningi, amajeneretha edizili asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezingaxhumekile kugridi yamandla futhi ngezinye izikhathi njengamandla okulondoloza amandla uma kwenzeka ukucima.

Futhi, ama-generator asetshenziswa ezikoleni, ezibhedlela, ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano, kanye nasemisebenzini yezimayini lapho inikeza khona amandla adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwemishini esindayo.

Inhlanganisela yenjini, ugesi ophehla ugesi, nezinye izinto ze-generator kubizwa ngokuthi yisethi yokukhiqiza noma isethi yegen.

Ama-generator edizili akhona ngosayizi abahlukile ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa. Isibonelo, kwezicelo ezincane ezinjengezindlu namahhovisi, zisuka ku-8kW ziye ku-30Kw.

Uma kunezinhlelo ezinkulu ezifana nezimboni, ubukhulu buhluka kusuka ku-80kW kuya ku-2000Kw.

Yini idizili generator?

Ezingeni eliyisisekelo, ijeneretha kadizili iyiGenset kadizili eyenziwe ngenhlanganisela yenjini ephehlwa ngodizili kanye nejeneretha kagesi noma alternator.

Le mishini ebucayi idala ugesi wokufaka noma yini ngesikhathi sokucima ugesi noma ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona ugesi.

Kungani udizili usetshenziswa kuma-generator?

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Udizili usewumthombo wokonga uphethiloli ongabizi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, udizili unentengo ephakame kancane kunophethiloli, kepha-ke, inenzuzo kuneminye imithombo kaphethiloli.

Inamandla amakhulu, okusho ukuthi amandla amaningi angakhishwa kudizili kunophethiloli.

Ezimotweni nakwezinye izimoto, lokhu kuhumusha kumamayela aphezulu. Ngakho, ngethangi eligcwele likaphethiloli we-diesel, ungashayela isikhathi eside kunevolumu efanayo kaphethiloli.

Ngamafuphi, udizili wonga kakhulu futhi unokusebenza kahle okuphezulu sekukonke.

Ijeneretha yedizili iwenza kanjani ugesi?

I-generator kadizili iguqula amandla kagesi abe ngamandla kagesi. Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi i-generator ayidali amandla kagesi kepha isebenza njengesiteshi sezindleko zikagesi.

Isebenza ngokufana nepompo lamanzi evumela kuphela ukuthi amanzi adlule.

Okokuqala, umoya uyathathwa ufuthwe ungene ku-generator uze ucindezelwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa uphethiloli.

Le nhlanganisela yomjovo womoya nophethiloli idala ukushisa okugcina kudale ukuthi uphethiloli ukhanye. Lo ngumqondo oyisisekelo we-generator kadizili.

Ukufingqa, i-generator isebenza ngomlilo kadizili.

Yiziphi izinto ezikhiqiza i-diesel generator futhi zisebenza kanjani?

Ake sihlole zonke izinto ezikhiqiza udizili nokuthi ziyini indima yazo.

i. Injini

Ingxenye yenjini ye-generator iyafana nenjini yemoto futhi isebenza njengomthombo wamandla kagesi. Umthamo omkhulu wokukhishwa kwamandla kagesi ongakhiqizwa uhlobene ngqo nosayizi wenjini.

ii. I-alternator

Lena ingxenye yejeneretha yedizili eguqula amandla emishini abe amandla kagesi. Umgomo wokusebenza we-alternator ufana nenqubo echazwe nguMichael Faraday ekhulwini leshumi nesishiyagalolunye.

Umgomo ubamba ukuthi amandla kagesi afakwa kumqhubi kagesi lapho edlula kumandla kazibuthe. Le nqubo idala ukuthi ama-electron ageleze kumqhubi kagesi.

Inani lamanje elikhiqizwayo lilingana ngqo namandla ezinamandla kazibuthe. Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-alternator. Basebenza ndawonye ukuze babangele ukunyakaza phakathi kwama-conductor kanye nezindawo kazibuthe ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi;

(a) I-Stator

Inamakhoyili we umqhubi kagesi ilimele engxenyeni yensimbi.

(b) Irotha

Ikhiqiza amandla kazibuthe azungeze i-stator eheha umehluko wamandla odala ukushintshana kwamanje (A / C).

Kunezici ezimbalwa okufanele uzicabangele ngenkathi unquma i-alternator, okuhlanganisa:

(a) Ezezindlu

I-casing yensimbi ihlala isikhathi eside kune-plastic casing.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-plastic casing iyawohloka futhi ingase iveze izingxenye ekugugeni okukhulayo kanye nobungozi kumsebenzisi.

(b) Ama-Bearings

Ama-Ball bearings ahlala isikhathi eside kunamabhele enaliti.

(c) Amabhulashi

Imiklamo engenamabhulashi ikhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile futhi kulula ukuyigcina kunaleyo equkethe amabhulashi.

iii. Isistimu yamafutha

Ithangi likaphethiloli kufanele lanele ngokwanele ukubamba uphethiloli amahora aphakathi kwayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili okusebenza.

Kumayunithi amancane noma aphathekayo, ithangi liyingxenye ye-generator futhi yakhiwe ngaphandle kwamajeneretha amakhulu. Nokho, ukufakwa kwamathangi angaphandle kudinga ukugunyazwa okudingekayo. Uhlelo lwamafutha luqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo;

(a) Ipayipi lokuphakela

Leli yipayipi elixhumanisa ithangi likaphethiloli nenjini.

(b) Ipayipi lokungenisa umoya

Ipayipi lokungenisa umoya livimbela ukucindezela kanye ne-vacuum ekwakheni lapho ugcwalisa kabusha noma ukhipha ithangi.

(c) Ipayipi elichichimayo

Leli payipi livimbela ukuchitheka kukaphethiloli kusethi yejeneretha uma uligcwalisa futhi.

(d) Iphampu

Idlulisela uphethiloli ethangini lokugcina iwuyise ethangini elisebenzayo.

(e) Isihlungi se-Fuel

Isihlungi sihlukanisa uphethiloli emanzini nezinye izinto ezibangela ukugqwala noma ukungcoliswa.

(f) Umjovo

Sifutha uphethiloli oya kusilinda lapho kwenzeka khona umlilo.

iv. Isilawuli se-Voltage

Isilawuli sevolthi siyinto ebalulekile ye-generator. Le ngxenye ilawula amandla okukhipha. Eqinisweni, ukulawulwa kwamandla kagesi kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokujikeleza eqinisekisa ukuthi amandla okukhipha alingana namandla okusebenza.

Kulezi zinsuku, iningi lamadivayisi kagesi athembele ekunikezelweni kwamandla okungaguquguquki. Ngaphandle kwesilawuli, amandla kagesi ngeke azinzile ngenxa yejubane lenjini elihlukayo, ngakho-ke ijeneretha ayisebenzi kahle.

v. Isistimu yokupholisa kanye ne-exhaust

(a) Uhlelo lokupholisa

Ngaphandle kwamandla emishini, i-generator iphinde ikhiqize ukushisa okuningi. Izinhlelo zokupholisa nokungenisa umoya zisetshenziselwa ukukhipha ukushisa okweqile.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokupholisa ezisetshenziselwa odonsa ngodizili ngokuya ngohlelo. Isibonelo, amanzi kwesinye isikhathi asetshenziselwa amajeneretha amancane noma amajeneretha amakhulu angaphezu kuka-2250kW.

Nokho, i-hydrogen ivame ukusetshenziswa kumajeneretha amaningi njengoba imunca ukushisa kahle kakhulu kunezinye izinto zokupholisa. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-radiator namafeni asetshenziswa njengezinhlelo zokupholisa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokuhlala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhle ukubeka ijeneretha endaweni enomoya owanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala okwanele komoya wokupholisa.

(b) Uhlelo lwe-exhaust

Ngokufanayo nenjini yemoto, ijeneretha yedizili ikhipha amakhemikhali ayingozi njenge-carbon monoxide okufanele iphathwe ngendlela efanele. Uhlelo lokukhipha luqinisekisa ukuthi amagesi anobuthi akhiqizwayo alahlwa ngokufanelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abantu abalinyazwa umusi wokukhipha ubuthi.

Ezimweni eziningi, amapayipi e-exhaust enziwe ngensimbi, ukhonkolo nensimbi eyenziwe ngomsebenzi. Azinamathiselwe enjinini ukunciphisa ukudlidlizela.

vi. Uhlelo lokuthambisa

I-generator ifaka izingxenye ezihambayo ezidinga ukuthambisa ukuze zisebenze kahle futhi ziqine. Iphampu kawoyela nedamu elinamathiselwe enjinini lifaka uwoyela ngokuzenzakalela. Kunconywa ukuthi ubheke izinga lamafutha njalo emahoreni ayisishiyagalombili okusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona uwoyela owanele. Ngalesi sikhathi, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka noma yikuphi ukuvuza.

vii. Ishaja yebhethri

I-generator kadizili incike ebhethri ukuqala ukusebenza. Amashaja ensimbi engagqwali aqinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri ishajwe ngokwanele ngama-voltage e-float avela kujeneretha. Umshini uzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele futhi awudingi ukulungiswa okwenziwa mathupha. Akufanele uphazamise le ngxenye yesisetshenziswa.

viii. Iphaneli yokulawula

Lesi isikhombimsebenzisi lapho i-generator ilawulwa futhi isebenza khona. Izici zephaneli yokulawula ngayinye ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi. Ezinye zezici ezijwayelekile zifaka;

(a) Inkinobho yokuvula/yokuvala

Inkinobho yokuqala ingaba ngesandla, i-othomathikhi noma kokubili. I-auto-start control iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukusebenza kwejeneretha uma kucima. Futhi, ivala ukusebenza lapho i-generator ingasebenzi.

(b) Izikali zenjini

Bonisa amapharamitha ahlukahlukene njengezinga lokushisa lesipholisi, isivinini sokuzungezisa, njll.

(c) Izikali zamajeneretha

Ibonisa isilinganiso semvamisa yamanje, yamandla wevolthi nokusebenza. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ngoba izinkinga zamandla kagesi zingalimaza i-generator futhi lokho kusho ukuthi ngeke uthole ukuhamba kwamandla njalo.

ix. Uhlaka lomhlangano

Wonke ama-generator aqukethe i-casing engangeni manzi egcina zonke izingxenye ndawonye futhi inikeza ukuphepha nokusekela kwesakhiwo. Ukuphetha, i-generator kadizili iguqula amandla kagesi abe ngamandla kagesi. Lokhu kusebenza ngomthetho wokungeniswa kagesi kagesi, ngaleyo ndlela unikeze amandla lapho kudingeka.

Zingaki izinhlobo zama-generator edizili akhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 zama-generator odizili ongazithenga.

1. Iyaphatheka

Lolu hlobo lwejeneretha egudlukayo lungathathwa nawe emgwaqweni uye noma kuphi lapho ludingeka khona. Nazi izici ezijwayelekile zamajeneretha aphathekayo:

• ukwenza ugesi, lolu hlobo lwe-generator lusebenzisa injini yomlilo
• ingaxhunywa kusokhethi kumathuluzi kagesi noma izinto zikagesi
• ungayifaka kumaphaneli amancane
• ilungele ukusetshenziswa kumasayithi akude
• ayakhi amandla amaningi, kepha ikhiqiza ngokwanele ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana ne-TV noma isiqandisi
• kuhle ukunika amandla amathuluzi amancane nezibani
• ungasebenzisa umbusi olawula isivinini senjini
• ngokuvamile igijima endaweni ethile eduze kuka-3600 rpm

2. I-Inverter Generator

Lolu hlobo lwejeneretha lukhiqiza amandla e-AC. Injini ixhunywe ku-alternator futhi ikhiqiza lolu hlobo lwamandla e-AC. Bese isebenzisa isilungisisi esiguqula amandla e-AC abe amandla e-DC. Nazi izici zejeneretha enjalo:

• ijeneretha ye-inverter isebenzisa omagnethi bobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ukuze isebenze
• yakhiwe kusetshenziswa amasekethe we-elekthronikhi athuthukile
• lapho ikhiqiza ugesi iba nezinyathelo ezintathu
• inikeza imishini ngokuhamba njalo kwamandla kagesi
• le jeneretha yonga ugesi kangcono ngoba isivinini senjini siyazilungisa ngokwaso kuye ngamandla kagesi adingekayo
• i-AC ingasethelwa ku-voltage noma imvamisa ozikhethele yona
• lawa majeneretha alula futhi ahlangene okusho ukuthi angena kalula emotweni yakho

Ngokufingqa, i-inverter generator idala amandla we-AC, iwaguqulele kumandla we-DC, bese ibuyisela emuva ku-AC futhi.

3. I-generator yokulinda

Iqhaza lale generator ukunikeza amandla ngesikhathi sokucima kukagesi noma ukucima kukagesi. Lolu hlelo lukagesi lunokushintshwa kwamandla okuzenzakalelayo okuyalela ukuthi ivule ukuze ikwazi ukufaka amandla ngesikhathi sokuphela kukagesi. Imvamisa, izibhedlela zinama-generator enza isipele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini igcina isebenza kahle ngesikhathi kucishwa ugesi. Nazi izici ze-generator yokulinda:

• lolu hlobo lwe-generator lusebenza ngokuzenzakalela ngaphandle kwesidingo sokucisha noma ukuvala mathupha
• inikeza umthombo wamandla unomphela njengesivikelo ekunqamukeni
• eyenziwe ngezinto ezimbili: okokuqala, kukhona i-generator yokulinda elawulwa yingxenye yesibili ebizwa nge-switch switch ezenzakalelayo
• ingasebenza ngegesi - igesi yemvelo noma i-propane enguketshezi
• isebenzisa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi
• izozwa ukulahleka kwamandla ngemizuzwana nje bese iqala ukugijima yodwa
• evame ukusetshenziswa ohlelweni lwezokuphepha lwezinto ezifana namakheshi, izibhedlela, nezinhlelo zokuvikela umlilo

Ingabe i-generator isebenzisa malini ihora ngalinye?

Ukuthi ijeneretha isebenzisa uphethiloli ongakanani kuncike kusayizi wejeneretha, ebalwa ngo-KW. Futhi, kuya ngomthwalo wedivayisi. Nakhu ukusetshenziswa kwesampula ngehora ngalinye.

• Usayizi we-Generator Encane 60KW usebenzisa amalitha angu-4.8 / hr ku-100% umthwalo
• Usayizi weGeneretha ophakathi nendawo 230KW usebenzisa amalitha ayi-16.6 ngehora ngomthwalo ongu-100%.
• Usayizi we-Generator 300KW usebenzisa amalitha ayi-21.5 / hr ngomthwalo ongu-100%
• Usayizi weGeneretha Enkulu 750KW isebenzisa amalitha angama-53.4/h ngomthwalo ongu-100%.

Ijeneretha yedizili ingasebenza isikhathi esingakanani ngokuqhubekayo?

Nakuba ingekho inombolo eqondile, iningi lamajeneretha edizili anesikhathi sokuphila esisebenza phakathi kwamahora angu-10,000 kuya kwangu-30,000, kuye ngohlobo nosayizi.

Ngokuqondene nokusebenza okuqhubekayo, kuya nge-generator yakho yokulinda. Abakhiqizi abaningi bakhiqiza ukuthi usebenzise i-generator yakho cishe amahora angama-500 ngesikhathi (ngokuqhubekayo).

Lokhu kuhumusha cishe emavikini amathathu noma ngaphezulu wokusetshenziswa okungami, okubaluleke kakhulu okusho ukuthi ungaba sendaweni ekude ngaphandle kokukhathazeka cishe inyanga yonke.

Ukugcinwa Kukagesi

Manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi i-generator isebenza kanjani, kuzodingeka wazi amanye amathiphu ayisisekelo wokugcinwa kukhiqizi we-diesel.

Okokuqala, udinga ukulandela uhlelo lokulungisa olunconyiwe lomkhiqizi.

Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha i-generator ukuze ihlolwe kanye ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi babheka ukuvuza noma yikuphi ukuvuza, bahlole izinga likawoyela nelokupholisa, futhi babheke amabhande namapayipi okuguga.

Ngokwengeziwe, imvamisa babheka amatheminali nezintambo zebhethri le-generator ngoba lokhu kwehla ngesikhathi.

Ngokufanayo, i-generator yakho idinga izinguquko ezivamile zikawoyela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu.

Isibonelo, ijeneretha enganakekelwa kahle ayisebenzi kahle futhi idla uphethiloli omningi, okubuye kubize imali ethe xaxa.

I-generator yakho eyisisekelo kadizili idinga ushintsho lukawoyela ngemuva kwamahora angaba yikhulu okusebenza.

Yini inzuzo yomkhiqizi kadizili?

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukugcinwa kukhiqizi kadizili kushibhile kunegesi. Ngokufanayo, la ma-generator adinga ukunakekelwa okuncane nokulungiswa.

Isizathu esikhulu ukuthi i-generator kadizili ayinayo i-spark plugs ne-carburetors. Ngakho-ke, awudingi ukufaka ezinye zalezo zinto ezibizayo.

Le generator ilusizo ngoba ingumthombo wamandla wesipele onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ezibhedlela ngokwesibonelo.

Ama-generator kulula ukuwagcina uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo kagesi. Ngokufanayo, banikezela ngogesi ongami nongaphazanyiswa lapho ugesi uhluleka.

Sengiphetha, sincoma kakhulu ukuthi uthole i-generator kadizili. Kumele ube nakho uma uya ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi noma uhlangabezana nokuwa kaningi.

Lawa madivayisi awusizo olukhulu ekunikezeni amandla izinto zakho zokusebenza. Futhi, ziyasebenza futhi ziyabiza.

Futhi funda: lawa mabhande amathuluzi mahle kwabasebenza ngogesi abayizimfundamakhwela kanye nezingcweti

Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.