Uma ucabanga ngezinyathelo zokhuni ezimi mahhala, mhlawumbe ucabanga iqoqo lezinyathelo ezintathu zokhuni ongazungeza. Kuthiwani uma ngikutshela ukuthi kungenzeka ku-DIY le projekthi yokwenza izinkuni?
Ukwakha izitebhisi zokhuni kuyinselele, kuye ngokuthi ungakanani imininingwane owakhayo. Kodwa ngomhlahlandlela omuhle, ungakwenza ngesikhathi esifushane kunalokho obungacabanga!
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwenza lezi zitebhisi zokhuni kulula kakhulu. Udinga kuphela izibalo ezincane, ukuhlela okuthile, nolwazi lomsebenzi wokhuni.
Uma usuwakha izitebhisi, unganyakaza futhi uzibeke noma kuphi lapho uthanda khona.
Ngakho ake siqale ukusebenza!
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizomboza:
Kungani ukwakha izinyathelo zokhuni ezizimele?
Uma ungumuntu othanda ukusebenza ngokhuni, izinyathelo zokwakha kuwumsebenzi ojabulisayo kanye nebhizinisi lokonga imali.
Ukwakha izinyathelo zokhuni akunzima njengoba kubonakala, ngakho awudingi uchwepheshe. Ukuletha umbazi azokwenzela umsebenzi kuyabiza.
Izitebhisi ezizimele zinhle kakhulu ekuhambeni, ikakhulukazi kuma-RV nama-trailer. Abanye abantu bakuthola kunzima ukufinyelela phezulu, futhi izinyathelo zenza kube lula futhi kuphephe. Futhi, abantu abaningi badinga izinyathelo abakwazi ukuhambahamba egcekeni, kuvulandi, ngisho namakotishi.
Iningi labantu lakha izinyathelo zokhuni ezizimele ngaphandle ngokwezifiso. Lezi zitebhisi ziqinile futhi ungazigqokisa ngesivikelo sokhuni ukuze zikwazi ukusinda ezintweni iminyaka.
Ungakwazi ngisho nokwakha izinyathelo zokuma mahhala ukuze ungeze kwenye indawo yedekhi yakho ukuze ukwazi ukugibela phezulu ngezinhlangothi ezi-2.
Ungazakha kanjani izinyathelo zokhuni ezizimele
Isisetshenziswa
- Hammer
- Ukubona Ngezandla
- Intambo yoku kala
- Izipikili eziyi-16d
- ipensela
- Isikwele Sokubiyela
- Jigsaw
- Isibhamu se-Nail
- I-circular saw
- Chop wabona
Materials
- Amapulangwe ezinkuni
- Nails
Imiyalelo
Isinyathelo 1: Ukukhetha izinkuni
- Udinga okungenani izingcezu eziyi-6. Kufanele baphelele futhi baqonde, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, zingadala izinkinga ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ubukhulu obulungile ngu-2x12x16, 2x4x16, no-4x4x16.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Izibalo nezilinganiso
- Manje njengoba usuqedile ngamathuluzi nempahla, sekuyisikhathi sokwenza izibalo.Ngizokukhombisa indlela yokwenza izilinganiso ezinokwethenjelwa. Uma ukhetha izinombolo eziqondile, noma kunjalo, akhona amawebhusayithi lapho ongafaka khona izinombolo futhi uthole amanani aqondile.Nansi indlela yami:
- Nquma ukuphakama okuqediwe (kusuka emhlabathini kuze kufike engxenyeni ehamba phambili lapho izitebhisi zigijimela khona) bese uhlukanisa inani ngo-7, okungukuphakama kwesinyathelo esijwayelekile.Uma, ngokwesibonelo, uthola ukuthi ukuphakama kungama-84, hlukanisa lokho ngo-7; lokho kukunika izinyathelo eziyi-12. Ezinye izindlela zokubala zingathola inani eliphakeme noma eliphansi lamazinga, kepha ukungafani akufani kakhulu.Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, isinyathelo esimaphakathi sinokuphakama kwamayintshi ayi-7.
- Ukujula okujwayelekile kungu-10.5 amayintshi. Uma kwenzeka wenze izibalo ezinembayo, ungase ube nokuthile okuhlukile; isibonelo, 7¼ kanye no-10 5/8.
- Izitebhisi zizoba nezintambo ezi-3, ezihloselwe ukuzinika amandla. Ngayinye yalezi zintambo izokwenziwa ngocezu olulodwa olunesilinganiso esingu-2×12. Amayunithi ezinhlamvu angaphandle azoba nobubanzi obungamayintshi angu-36, ngakho-ke uzodinga okubili okungu-2x36x36 ukuze kusetshenziswe njengenhlokweni nonyaweni.
- Imilenze izoba nocezu olungu-2 × 6 olunqamula ngezansi, ngenhloso yokulugcina lusabalele futhi lufana.
- Uzobe wenza izinyathelo ngezingcezu ezi-2 × 12 bese ubanikeza ukugcwala ngamasentimitha kuzo zonke izinhlangothi zezintambo.
- Izitebhisi zezandla ngokuvamile ziyinkambiso yazo zonke izitezi. Ongakwenza ukusika ucezu lwe-2 × 6 lwe-baluster cishe ngama-intshi angu-48 bese unciphisa kamuva ukuze uthole ukuphakama okufanele.
- Ngenkathi usika imilenze egijima iqonde phansi, khumbula i-theoem ye-Pythagorean ukuze uthole ukuphakama okulungile mayelana nobude bazo zonke izitebhisi kanye nokuphakama kwe-diagonal. Khumbula: a2+b2 = c2.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Setha nesakhiwo
- Ngolwazi lwenombolo yezinyathelo ozozisebenzisa nezilinganiso zokunyathela, kumayelana nesikhathi sokusetha isikwele sokwakha.Ukuba nama-stair gauges kuzokusiza kakhulu. Azokhiyeleka endaweni futhi asuse iphutha lomuntu njengoba ubeka izintambo.
- Uma kwenzeka ungenawo ama-gajiji wezitebhisi, ngincoma ukuthi othile akubambele isikwele njengoba umaka.
- Uma usebenzisa izilinganiso zezitebhisi lapho uqala, ungazethuli kuphrojekthi uma kungenzeka uzithole kamuva. Ngaleyo ndlela, uzogwema ukwenza izinto ziqhelele kude.
- Sekuyisikhathi sokubeka ama-stringers. Thatha isikwele sohlaka bese ubeka izinhlangothi ezingu-10.5 kwesokudla, nohlangothi lwesi-7 kwesokunxele.
- Beka isikwele ku-2 × 12 uye kude ngakwesobunxele ngangokunokwenzeka. Inhloso ukwenza ngaphandle kwesikwele sokubiyela.
- Thatha uhlangothi lwama-intshi angu-7 bese uluwela, uqonde yonke indlela. Leso isinyathelo esiphezulu, futhi uzosisika kamuva.
- Qondanisa uhlangothi olungamasentimitha angu-7 nohlangothi olungu-intshi engu-10.5 bese ubeka amamaki akho, kuze kube yilapho ufeza inombolo oyithandayo yezinyathelo.
- Kufanele wenze isinyathelo esingezansi njengaphezulu, kuphela ukuthi ubude bokunyathela buzothwalwa bunqamule ukwenyuka.
- Manje njengoba kuzoba no-2 × 6 phezulu naphansi njengeheda nonyaweni, kufanele umake leyo migqa bese uyisika ukuze wenze izinga leprojekthi liphansi.
- Isilinganiso esinembile se-2×6 singu-1.5×5.5; uzodinga ukumaka lokho phezulu nangaphansi kwesinyathelo esehla ngemuva kwe-2×6.
- Manje yisikhathi esifanele sokuthatha ukuphakama okuthile kusinyathelo esingezansi uma ubuhlose ukwenza kanjalo. Konke okudingeka ukwenze ukwenza izilinganiso kusuka phansi phezulu bese umaka umugqa ukuze i-2 × 6 isikwe.
Isinyathelo 4: Ukusika
- Njengoba usika izinyathelo, unganqamuli udlule imigqa oyimakile. Kungcono ukubuya nesaha lesandla bese usika izingcezu ezincane ezisele zinamathiselwe. Kungase kucasule kancane, kodwa kubalulekile.Uyakhumbula ngenkathi ngithi hamba uyofuna izinkuni ezingenamifantu? Cabanga ukuthi le oyisebenzisayo iphukile, bese kuthi lapho usika, ihlukane. Ngibheja lokho akukhona ukuphazamiseka ongathanda ukukuthola, akunjalo?
- Ngenkathi usika ukunyathela kanye nesihloko kanye nonyaweni, omunye umuntu angakwazi ukunciphisa izintambo. Futhi uma kungenzeka, omunye angase asebenze emilenzeni nama-balusters.
- Ngenkathi usebenza emilenzeni, qiniseka ukuthi usike ama-let-ins ngokunembile.Angazi ukuthi kuyini ukungena? Lokho kuvele kubhekise ekusikeni okungu-4×4 (ububanzi) emilenzeni. Ingxenye kuphela yobukhulu bomlenze ikhishwa ukuze kuvunyelwe amabhodi ama-2 ukuthi angene komunye nomunye ngokuqinile.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Hlanganisa konke
- Qala ngokubeka unhlokweni nonyaweni ezintanjeni ezingaphandle bese ubeka umucu ophakathi nendawo phakathi.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ushayelela izipikili ezintathu eziyi-16d ngayinye. Uzothola kulula ukwenza lokho ngezingxenye zibheke phansi, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungaphuli noma yiziphi izingcezu, noma kuzodingeka usike ezintsha.
- Flip yonke iphrojekthi bese ubeka izingxobo ezintanjeni.
- Khumbula ukuthi kune-inch overhang ezinhlangothini zombili zezintambo. Nakhu ongakwenza: khonkotha kolunye uhlangothi kuqala, nge-overhang efanele, bese udlulela kolunye uhlangothi bese uzama ukuyisondeza ngangokunokwenzeka.
- I-bender yebhodi ingaba usizo kakhulu lapha kodwa ungayiphusheli kakhulu, noma uzophula izintambo. Ngemuva kokubethela izintambo zangaphandle, intambo ephakathi kulula ukubopha.
- Ungakhohlwa; Izinzipho ezi-3 zingena entanjeni ngayinye. Manje yisikhathi sokufaka imilenze. Ufuna ukuba nomunye umuntu abambe imilenze endaweni lapho uyibethela. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungasebenzisa ama-scrap blocks.
- Uma ufuna imilenze ikunikeze amabhulokhi akho okhuni amile mahhala inani elifanele lokusekela, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi anamathiselwe kahle. Beka u-4 ohlangothini lomlenze othinta unhlokweni kanye ne-stringer futhi cishe u-2 ukuya phezulu kwesinyathela.
- Njengoba ubeka imilenze yakho, kungaba ngcono ukuba nobuso be-let-ins ngaphakathi kunangaphandle, ngenxa yobuhle. Futhi lapho ubethela ama-let-ins, namathisela uhlangothi olu-1, bese ubophela olunye uhlangothi ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi. Ushayela ngezipikili ezi-2 ohlangothini ngalunye.
Isinyathelo sesi-6: Ukuthintwa kokugcina
- Masisukume, akunjalo?AUma usumile, ungaqhubekela phambili wenze i-cross-bracing emilenzeni eqondile ngemuva. Leyo yindlela nje yokukhulisa amandla ezitebhisi.Ukwenza lokho, sebenzisa i-tape measure ukuthola ubude bezinkuni ozozidinga, sika izinkuni usebenzisa amanani owatholayo, bese uwakhonkotha ngendlela efanele. Ngenye indlela, ungavele uthathe i-2 × 4, uyibeke emaphoyiseni, uyimake, uyisike, bese uyilungisa.
- Indlela elula yokwengeza ama-handrails ukulungisa i-baluster ekunyatheleni, kodwa lokho kubukeka njengobudlabha. Isu elinzima kodwa elihle kakhulu kungaba ukusika ku-tread bese ubethelela i-baluster ku-stringer. Lokho akukona nje ukuhlakanipha, kodwa futhi okuqinile.
- Inombolo yama-baluster oyidingayo incike enanini lezinyathelo onazo. Uma kunezinyathelo eziningi, uzodinga ama-baluster amaningi.Ngokushesha nje lapho une-balusters, sebenzisa i-tape measure ukukala bese umaka ubude obufanele i-handrail. Ukala ubude ukusuka phezulu kuya kubhalansi ongezansi. Njengoba usika izinkuni, ungakhohlwa ukushiya ama-intshi ama-2 ngaphezulu.
- Sika izingcezu ezimbili ze-2 × 4 ubude obufanele bese ubethela ngayinye ohlangothini olulodwa, uqinisekise ukuthi basohlangothini olungaphandle lwama-balusters.
Bheka le vidiyo ka-YouTuber Rmarvids ukuze umbone esenzweni sokwakha izinyathelo zokhuni:
Ukuthola amathuluzi nezinsiza ezifanele
Hlola lesi sando senhloso yonke sika-Irwin, njengoba iqinile, inesibambo esingasheleli, futhi ilungele ukubethela izinyathelo zakho zokhuni:
Okulandelayo ezinye izinto okufanele ube nazo:
- Isaha lesandla
- Intambo yoku kala
- Izipikili ezingama-16d
- ipensela
- Isikwele sozimele
- Jigsaw
- Isibhamu se-Nail
- I-circular saw
- I-bender yebhodi
- Umugqa wentambo
- Chop wabona
Lokhu kugawulwa yi-Porter-Cable iyathengeka futhi ilungele ukusebenza ngokhuni. Kunoma yimiphi imisebenzi ehlobene nokubaza, uzodinga a i-chop saw okulula ukuyisebenzisa:
Funda kabanzi: Umhlahlandlela mayelana namakhodi ombala wesigqoko esiqinile
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa mayelana nokwenza izinyathelo zokhuni ezizimele
Iyiphi i-engeli engcono kakhulu yezinyathelo zokhuni?
I-engeli yezinyathelo zakho zokhuni ibalulekile. I-engeli inquma ukuthi kulula noma kunzima kangakanani ukukhuphuka nokwehla ezitebhisini.
Uma ufuna izitebhisi ezinethezekile, i-engeli yakho kufanele ibe okungenani ngama-degree angama-30. Ngokufanelekile, i-engeli yakho iphakathi kuka-35-50 degrees, kuye ngobude nobubanzi bezitebhisi zakho.
Iluphi ukhuni olungcono kakhulu ongalusebenzisela izinyathelo zangaphandle?
Ababazi batusa ukuthi ukhethe kolunye lwezinhlobo ezi-3 zokhuni ezinyathelweni zangaphandle: ukhuni olubomvu, umsedari, nophayini ophuzi.
Isizathu salokhu ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zezinkuni ezi-3 zimelana kakhulu nomonakalo, ikakhulukazi ukulimala kwesimo sezulu. Futhi, kulula ukusebenza ngalolu hlobo lwezinkuni.
Futhi ekugcineni, lezi zinkuni zihlala isikhathi eside, ngakho zingahlala impilo yonke. Nakuba kunconywa ukuthi uphathe izinkuni ukuze zimelane nezakhi, akudingeki. Ngisho nemisedari engalashwanga noma i-redwood ihlala iminyaka eminingi.
Uphayini ophuzi wuhlobo lwezinkuni olusetshenziswa umhlaba wonke ekwakhiweni kwangaphandle. Iminyene kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinkuni futhi ingamelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zesimo sezulu esinzima ngisho nenqubo yokwenza izinkuni. Ayiqhekeki noma ayiphehli kalula ngakho ababazi bayathanda ukusebenzisa lolu godo.
Singazenza kanjani izinyathelo zokhuni zingasheleli?
Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu izitebhisi ezishelelayo. Abantu abaningi bayawa futhi balimala kabi ezinyathelweni zabo.
Okufanele ukwenze ukufaka isiqeshana sokunamathela esingashiyi ezitebhisini. Isinyathelo ngasinye sidinga umucu eduze konqenqema.
Ngenye indlela, ungakwazi ukumboza izinyathelo zakho ngopende waphansi onamaphiko athile kuwo. Lapho izinyathelo sezomile, penda sonke lesi sinyathelo, kufaka phakathi ngaphansi, iziqongo neziphetho.
Ngizinakekela kanjani izinyathelo zami zokhuni ezimile?
Ukuze uvikele izitebhisi zakho zokhuni ezizimele, udinga ukusebenzisa i-coating yokuzivikela. I-varnish noma i-wood oil iwuhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu lokuvikela.
Amafutha okhuni muhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa ngoba uma usebenzisa amajazi ambalwa, izinkuni zizohlala iminyaka eminingi, futhi zinikeza isivikelo esimweni sezulu.
Amafutha ayindlela enhle ngoba ama-pores enkuni acwilisa amafutha. Lokhu kuvimbela ukhuni ekumunceni amanzi, okube sekuvimbela ukhuni ukuba lungaboli futhi lukhule ukhunta. Futhi, amafutha agcina izingodo ziqinile futhi ziqinile, okusho ukuthi izitebhisi zakho zizohlala isikhathi eside.
Zizwe kahle ngokwakha ezakho izinyathelo ezizimele
Siyakuhalalisela, usuqedile! Sekuyisikhathi sokuyilayisha elolini lakho bese uyiyisa embhoshongweni wakho wokugada, i-treehouse, nanoma iyiphi indawo ocabanga ngayo.
Siyabonga ngokufunda. Ngiyethemba ukuthi lokhu okuthunyelwe kukusizile wakha into enhle kakhulu.
Futhi funda: lezi zigaxa zeminyango yegaraji zizogcina igalaji lakho lisebenza njengentelezi
Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.
