Ibhethri ye-lithium-ion (ngezinye izikhathi ibhethri le-Li-ion noma i-LIB) liyilungu lomndeni lezinhlobo zebhethri ezishajwayo lapho i-lithium ion isuka ku-electrode eyinegethivu iye ku-electrode ephozithivu ngesikhathi ikhipha futhi ibuye lapho ishaja.
Amabhethri e-Li-ion asebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-lithium ehlanganisiwe njengento eyodwa ye-electrode, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-lithium eyinsimbi esetshenziswa ebhethrini le-lithium elingashajwa kabusha.
I-electrolyte, evumela ukunyakaza kwe-ionic, kanye nama-electrode amabili ayizingxenye ezingaguquki zeseli ye-lithium-ion. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion ajwayelekile kuma-electronics abathengi.
Zingezinye zezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zamabhethri aphinde ashajwe ku-elekthronikhi ephathekayo, anokuminyana okuphezulu kwamandla, angenawo umthelela wenkumbulo, futhi alahleka kancane kuphela lapho engasebenzi.
Ngaphandle kwama-electronics abathengi, ama-LIB nawo akhula ekudumeni kwezempi, izimoto zikagesi kanye nezicelo ze-aerospace.
Isibonelo, amabhethri e-lithium-ion aba indawo evamile yamabhethri e-lead acid abesetshenziswa ngokomlando kumakalishi egalufu nasezimotweni zezinsiza.
Esikhundleni samapuleti omthofu asindayo kanye ne-acid electrolyte, inkambiso ukusebenzisa amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium-ion angasindi anganikeza amandla ombane afanayo namabhethri e-lead-acid, ngakho-ke akukho ukuguqulwa kwesistimu yokushayela yemoto edingekayo.
Ikhemistri, ukusebenza, izindleko nezici zokuphepha ziyahlukahluka kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-LIB.
Izinto zikagesi eziphathwa ngesandla ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ama-LIB asekelwe ku-lithium cobalt oxide (), enikeza ukuminyana okukhulu kwamandla, kodwa ethula izingozi zokuphepha, ikakhulukazi uma zonakalisiwe.
I-Lithium iron phosphate (LFP), i-lithium manganese oxide (LMO) kanye ne-lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) zinikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphansi, kodwa ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuphepha okungokwemvelo.
Amabhethri anjalo asetshenziswa kakhulu kumathuluzi kagesi, imishini yezokwelapha nezinye izindima. I-NMC ikakhulukazi iyimbangi ehamba phambili yezicelo zezimoto.
I-Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide (NCA) ne-lithium titanate (LTO) ziyimiklamo ekhethekile ehloselwe izindima ezithile ze-niche.
Amabhethri e-lithium-ion angaba yingozi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile futhi angaba yingozi yezokuphepha njengoba aqukethe, ngokungafani namanye amabhethri aphinde ashajwe, i-electrolyte evuthayo futhi agcinwa enomfutho.
Ngenxa yalokhu amazinga okuhlola alawa mabhethri aqine kakhulu kunalawo amabhethri e-acid-electrolyte, adinga kokubili ububanzi obubanzi bezimo zokuhlola kanye nokuhlola okwengeziwe okuqondene nebhethri.
Lokhu kungenxa yezingozi ezibikiwe kanye nokwehluleka, futhi kube nokukhumbula okuhlobene nebhethri okwenziwe ezinye izinkampani.
Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.
