Indwangu engalukiwe iyindwangu efana nendwangu eyenziwe ngemicu emide, ehlanganiswe ndawonye ngamakhemikhali, ngomshini, ekushiseni noma ekuphathweni kwencibilizi. Leli gama lisetshenziswa embonini yokukhiqiza izindwangu ukuze lichaze izindwangu, ezifana nezinzwa, ezingalukiwe futhi ezingalukiwe. Izinto ezingezona ezilukiwe ngokuvamile azinawo amandla ngaphandle kokuthi zihlanganiswe noma ziqiniswe ukusekelwa. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ama-nonwovens asephenduke enye indlela ye-polyurethane foam.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola incazelo yezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe futhi sinikeze izibonelo ezithile. Ukwengeza, sizokwabelana ngamaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nezindwangu ezingalukiwe. Ake siqale!
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizomboza:
Ukuhlola Umhlaba Wezindwangu Ezingalukiwe
Izindwangu ezingalukiwe zichazwa kabanzi njengeshidi noma izakhiwo zewebhu ezihlanganiswe ndawonye ngamakhemikhali, umshini, ukushisa, noma ukwelashwa kwe-solvent. Lezi zindwangu zenziwe nge-staple fiber kanye nemicu emide ehlanganiswa ukuze kwakhiwe into ethile engalukiwe futhi engalukiwe. Igama elithi “nonwoven” lisetshenziswa embonini yokukhiqiza izindwangu ukukhombisa izindwangu ezinjengomuzwa, ezingalukiwe noma ezingalukiwe.
Izakhiwo kanye Nemisebenzi Yezindwangu Ezingalukiwe
Izindwangu ezingalukiwe zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zemisebenzi nezakhiwo, zizenze zifanelekele imisebenzi eyahlukene. Ezinye zezakhiwo nemisebenzi yezindwangu ezingalukiwe zihlanganisa:
- I-Absorbency
- Ukuhlaselwa
- Ukuhlunga
- Ukuncipha komlilo
- Ukuxosha uketshezi
- khono eliphawulekayo
- Ukuthamba
- Ukuthobeka
- Amandla
- Stretch
- Ukuwasha
Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza Zezindwangu Ezingalukiwe
Izindwangu ezingalukiwe zingenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
- Bonding imicu ngokuqondile
- Ama-filaments ahlanganisiwe
- Ukubhoboza amashidi anezimbotshana
- Ukuhlukanisa ipulasitiki encibilikisiwe
- Ukuguqula imicu ibe iwebhu engalukiwe
Ukuthola Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zezindwangu Ezingezona Ezilukiwe
Izindwangu ezingalukiwe zisetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe namuhla ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo kanye nokulula kokukhiqiza. Zenziwa ngokuhlanganisa imicu ndawonye ngaphandle kokuluka noma ukwakhiwa kwezandla okuhilelekile. Kulesi sigaba, sizohlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zezindwangu ezingalukiwe ezitholakala emakethe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo okuqondile.
Izinhlobo Zezindwangu Ezingezona Ezilukiwe
Izindwangu ezingalukiwe zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezahlukene kuye ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zezindwangu ezingalukiwe zihlanganisa:
- Indwangu Engalukiwe Ye-Spunbond: Lolu hlobo lwendwangu engalukiwe lukhiqizwa ngokuncibilika nokukhipha i-polymer ibe imicu emihle. Le micu ibe isibekwa phansi ebhandeni lokuthutha bese ihlanganiswa kusetshenziswa amandla ashisayo. Izindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe ze-Spunbond ziqinile, zincane, futhi zilungele ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni, ekuphepheni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezobuchwepheshe.
- Indwangu Engeyona Elukiwe I-Meltblown: Lolu hlobo lwendwangu engalukiwe lukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa indlela efanayo nendwangu engalukiwe ye-spunbond. Kodwa-ke, ama-filaments mafushane kakhulu futhi acwebile, okwenza kube nendwangu eyisicaba futhi efana kakhulu. Izindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe ze-Meltblown zivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yezokwelapha kanye nenhlanzeko ngenxa yekhono lazo lokuhlunga izinhlayiya ezincane.
- Indwangu Engalukiwe Yenaliti: Lolu hlobo lwendwangu engalukiwe lukhiqizwa ngokudlula imicu ochungechungeni lwezinaliti eziphoqa imicu ukuthi ixhumene futhi ihlangane ndawonye. Izindwangu ezingalukiwe ze-needle punch ziqinile, zihlala isikhathi eside, futhi zilungele ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga indawo ehlanzekile nephephile.
- Indwangu Engalukiwe Eyenziwe Emanzi: Lolu hlobo lwendwangu engalukiwe lukhiqizwa ngokuguqula imicu yemvelo noma yokwenziwa ibe i-slurry. I-slurry ibe isisakazwa ebhandeni lokuthutha futhi idlule ochungechungeni lwama-roller ukususa amanzi amaningi. Izindwangu ezingalukiwe ezibekwe ezimanzi zivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinto zokusula, izihlungi, neminye imikhiqizo edinga izinto ezithambile nezimuncayo.
Ukukhetha Indwangu Engalukiwe Elungile
Uma ukhetha indwangu engalukiwe, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kanye nezidingo zomsebenzisi wokugcina. Ezinye izici okufanele zicatshangelwe zihlanganisa:
- Amandla Nokuqina: Izinhlobo ezithile zezindwangu ezingalukiwe ziqinile futhi zihlala isikhathi eside kunezinye, okuzenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga izinga eliphezulu lamandla nokuqina.
- I-Absorbency: Izindwangu ezingalukiwe ezibekwe ezimanzi zilungele ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga izinga eliphezulu lokumunca, njengama-wipes nezihlungi.
- Inhlanzeko Nokuphepha: Izindwangu ezingalukiwe zezinaliti zilungele ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga indawo ehlanzekile nephephile, njengemikhiqizo yezokwelapha nenhlanzeko.
- Ukuthamba Nokunethezeka: Izindwangu ezingalukiwe ezincibilikisiwe zilungele ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga izinto ezithambile nezinethezekile, njengamanabukeni nemikhiqizo yenhlanzeko yabesifazane.
Yenziwa Kanjani Indwangu I-Nonwoven
Enye indlela ethandwayo yokukhiqiza indwangu engalukiwe yinqubo ye-spunbond. Le nqubo ihilela ukukhipha inhlaka ye-polymer ngombhobho ukuze kwakheke imicu. Imicu ibe isifakwa ngokungahleliwe ebhandeni elinyakazayo, lapho ihlanganiswa khona kusetshenziswa isibopho esishisayo noma samakhemikhali. I-web of fibre ewumphumela ibe isiboshelwa emqulwini futhi ingaphinde icutshungulwe ibe umkhiqizo osuphelile.
Inqubo ye-Meltblown
Enye indlela evamile yokukhiqiza indwangu engalukiwe yinqubo ye-meltblown. Le nqubo ihilela ukukhipha inhlaka ye-polymer ngombhobho bese usebenzisa umoya oshisayo ukuze welule futhi uphule imicu ibe imicu emincane kakhulu. Imicu ibe isifakwa ngokungahleliwe ebhandeni elinyakazayo, lapho ihlanganiswa khona kusetshenziswa i-thermal bonding. I-web of fibre ewumphumela ibe isiboshelwa emqulwini futhi ingaphinde icutshungulwe ibe umkhiqizo osuphelile.
Inqubo ye-Drylaid
Inqubo yokomiswa ingenye indlela yokukhiqiza indwangu engalukiwe. Le nqubo ihilela ukubeka phansi imicu ebhandeni elinyakazayo bese usebenzisa ikhalenda ukuhlanganisa imicu ndawonye. Imicu ingenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ukotini, futhi indwangu ewumphumela ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.
Isiphetho
Ngakho-ke, ukungaluki kusho indwangu engalukiwe. Ingenziwa ngemicu noma ngepulasitiki futhi ingasetshenziselwa izinto ezihlukahlukene. Kuyinto enhle yokwenza izinto ezidinga ukuthamba noma ukumunca. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho udinga ukuthenga okuthile, ungazinqumela ukuthi ngabe okungelukiwe kuyisinqumo esifanele. Ungase umangale ngalokho ongakuthola!
Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.
