Umswakama ohlobene (i-RH efushanisiwe) isilinganiso sokucindezela okuyingxenye komhwamuko ukuya kumfutho womoya wokulinganisa wamanzi ngezinga lokushisa elifanayo. Umswakama ohlobene uncike ekushiseni nasekucindezelweni kwesistimu yentshisekelo.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizomboza:
- Ukulinganisa Ukuswakama Okuhlobene: Ithuluzi Elibalulekile Lokuqonda Umoya Okuzungezile
- Ukuminyana komoya kanye nevolumu: Ukuqonda Isayensi Engemuva Kokuswakama Okuhlobene
- Indlela Ingcindezi Ethinta Ngayo Umswakama Ohlobene
- Imithelela Yokuswakama Emvelweni Nasempilweni
- Amaqiniso Amnandi Ngomswakama Ohlobene
- Isiphetho
Ukulinganisa Ukuswakama Okuhlobene: Ithuluzi Elibalulekile Lokuqonda Umoya Okuzungezile
Ukulinganisa umswakama ohlobene kuyindlela yokuthola ukuthi ungakanani umhwamuko wamanzi osemoyeni uma uqhathaniswa nenani eliphezulu elingenzeka ezingeni lokushisa elinikeziwe. Kuyindlela yokuqonda ikhwalithi yomoya okuzungezile nokuthi ungathinta kanjani impilo yakho nokunethezeka kwakho.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Hygrometer?
Ukusebenzisa i-hygrometer kulula futhi kudinga umzamo omncane. Nazi izinyathelo eziyisisekelo:
- Thola i-hygrometer efanele yezidingo zakho.
- Landela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi ukuze usethe i-hygrometer.
- Beka i-hygrometer endaweni ofuna ukukala kuyo umswakama ohlobene.
- Lindela i-hygrometer ukuthi izinze futhi unikeze ukufunda.
- Qaphela okufundwayo futhi ukuqhathanise nebanga lomswakama ohambelana nendawo ofanele indawo okuyo.
- Uma kudingeka, lungisa izinga lomswakamo ngokusebenzisa izifeni, umoya opholile noma ofudumele, noma ngokwengeza noma ngokukhipha umswakamo emoyeni.
Yimaphi Amanye Amathiphu Engeziwe Wokukala Umswakama Ohlobene?
Nawa amanye amathiphu angeziwe wokukusiza ulinganise umswakama ohlobene ngokunembile:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi i-hygrometer ilinganiswe kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
- Beka i-hygrometer kude nelanga eliqondile, okusalungiswa, nemithombo yokushisa noma yomswakama.
- Funda izikhathi eziningi ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku ukuze uqonde kangcono umswakama ohlobene endaweni.
- Ukwazi izinga lokushisa lomoya kubalulekile ukuze uqonde kahle umswakama ohlobene. Sebenzisa i-thermometer ukukala izinga lokushisa.
Ukulinganisa umswakama ohlobene kuyindlela elula yokukusiza uqonde umoya okuzungezile nokuthi ungathinta kanjani impilo yakho nokunethezeka kwakho. Ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi afanele nokulandela izinyathelo ezifanele, ungathola ukufundwa okunembile komswakama ohlobene futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yomoya.
Ukuminyana komoya kanye nevolumu: Ukuqonda Isayensi Engemuva Kokuswakama Okuhlobene
Umoya yinto equkethe izinhlayiya ezifana nama-molecule, ahlala enyakaza. Inombolo yezinhlayiya kumthamo womoya onikeziwe waziwa ngokuthi ukuminyana komoya. Uma umhwamuko wengezwa emoyeni, udala ushintsho kumthamo womoya kanye nevolumu. Lokhu kushintsha kokuminyana komoya yilokho esikwazi njengomswakama ohlobene.
Iqhaza Lengcindezi Yokukala Umswakama Ohlobene
Ithuluzi lesayensi elisetshenziswa ukukala umswakama ohlobene laziwa ngokuthi i-hygrometer. Leli thuluzi lisebenza ngokulinganisa ukucindezela okuyingxenye komhwamuko osemoyeni. I-hygrometer ilinganiswa ezingeni lokushisa elithile kanye nokucindezela, ngokuvamile ezingeni lolwandle, elaziwa ngokuthi isimo esijwayelekile. Lapho ingcindezi ishintsha, ushintsho oluwumphumela wokuminyana komoya luthinta ukulinganiswa komswakama ohlobene. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlola ithuluzi njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukufundwa okunembile.
Umthelela Womthetho Wegesi Ekahle Kumswakama Ohlobene
Umthetho ofanele wegesi umgomo wesayensi ochaza ubudlelwano phakathi kwengcindezi, umthamo, nezinga lokushisa legesi. Lo mthetho ungasetshenziswa emoyeni, okuyingxube yegesi. Umthetho okahle wegesi uthi njengoba umthamo wegesi ukhula, umfutho uyancipha, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinguquko kumthamo womoya zingathinta umswakama ohlobene.
Izibonelo Zendlela Umswakama Oyisihlobo Okuthinta Ngayo Ukuphila Kwethu Kwansuku Zonke
Okulandelayo ezinye izibonelo zendlela umswakama olinganiselwe ozithinta ngayo izimpilo zethu zansuku zonke:
- Umswakama ophezulu ohlobene ungasenza sizizwe sishisa futhi sinamathela, kuyilapho umswakama ophansi ohlobene ungase usenze sizwe somile futhi siluma.
- Umswakama ohlobene uthinta isikhathi sokumisa upende, yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi umswakama ohlobene ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokudweba.
- Umswakama ohlobene uthinta ukusebenza kwezinsimbi zomculo ezenziwe ngokhuni, njengeziginci namaviolin. Umswakama ophezulu ohlobene ungabangela ukhuni ukuthi luvuvuke, kuyilapho umswakama ophansi wesihlobo ungabangela ukhuni ukuba lushwabane futhi luqhekeke.
- Umswakama ohlobene uthinta ukukhula kwezitshalo, njengoba izitshalo zidinga izinga elithile lomswakama ukuze zikhule.
Indlela Ingcindezi Ethinta Ngayo Umswakama Ohlobene
Uma isistimu ishiselwa ngokwe-isobarically, okusho ukuthi ishisiswe ngaphandle koshintsho kungcindezi yesistimu, umswakama ohlobene wesistimu uyehla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukucindezela komhwamuko okulinganako kukhuphuka ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa. Ngenxa yalokho, isilinganiso sokucindezela okuyingxenye komhwamuko ukuya kumfutho womoya wokulinganisa wamanzi ahlanzekile siyehla, okubangela umswakama ohlobene nawo wehle.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho uhlelo lucindezelwa nge-isothermally, okusho ukuthi lucindezelwe ngaphandle kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, umswakama ohlobene wesistimu uyakhula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umthamo wesistimu uyancipha, okubangela ukucindezela kwengxenye yomusi wamanzi ukuba kwande. Ngenxa yalokho, isilinganiso sokucindezela okuyingxenye komhwamuko kuya kumfutho womoya wokulinganisa wamanzi ahlanzekile siyenyuka, okubangela umswakama ohlobene nawo ukhuphuke.
Ukuqonda Izinto Eziyinkimbinkimbi Ezithinta Umswakama Ohlobene
Nakuba ukuncika kwengcindezi yomswakama ohlobene kuwubudlelwane obusekelwe kahle, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusebenzisana phakathi kwengcindezi, izinga lokushisa, kanye nezakhiwo zengxube yegesi kungaba nzima kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi, isici sokuthuthukisa, esiwumsebenzi wezakhiwo zengxube yegesi, singathinta kakhulu umswakama ohlobene wesistimu.
Ukuze ubale umswakama ohlobene wesistimu, indlela elula iwukusebenzisa i-hygrometer ye-dew point, okuyithuluzi elikala izinga lokushisa lapho amazolo aqala khona ukumila endaweni epholile. Izinga lokushisa lendawo yamazolo bese lisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa umswakama ohlobene wesistimu kusetshenziswa i-equation encike kuzakhiwo zengxube yegesi.
Imithelela Yokuswakama Emvelweni Nasempilweni
- Izinga lomswakama ophezulu lingabangela umswakama owedlulele, okuholela ekukhuleni kwesikhunta kanye nokulimala kwezinto zokwakha.
- Umoya owome kakhulu ungabangela izinto ukuthi zibe brittle futhi ziqhekeke.
- Umswakamo ungathinta izici ezishisayo zezinto zokwakha, uzenze zingasebenzi kahle ekunikezeni ukufakwa kwe-insulation noma ukupholisa.
- Umswakamo ungase futhi uthinte impilo yonke yezinto ezibucayi, ezifana ne-electronics noma umsebenzi wobuciko.
Umthelela Kusimo Sezulu Nezinkathi Zonyaka
- Umswakamo uthinta izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lesifunda, izifunda ezimanzi ngokuvamile ezibhekana namazinga okushisa apholile kanye nezifunda ezomile ezihlangabezana nezinga lokushisa elishisayo.
- Umswakamo uthinta ukufudumala okukhazimulayo komhlaba, kube nomthelela emphumela we-greenhouse nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
- Umswakamo uthinta izinkathi zonyaka, kanti ihlobo ngokuvamile liyisizini enomswakama kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi.
- Iphoyinti lamazolo, okuyindawo lapho umhwamuko wamanzi osemoyeni uqala ukujiya khona, isilinganiso somswakama futhi singasetshenziswa ukubikezela izimo zezulu.
Umthelela Empilweni Nokupholisa
- Amaleveli omswakamo aphezulu angenza kuzwakale kushisa ngaphandle, njengoba umphumela ohlangene wezinga lokushisa lomoya nomswakama udala inkomba yokushisa.
- Umswakamo uphazamisa ikhono lomzimba lokuzipholisa ngokujuluka, kwenze uzizwe ungakhululekile ngezinsuku ezishisayo nezinomswakama.
- Umswakama ungaphinde uthinte izinga lomoya wasendlini kanye nokukhula kwesikhunta, okungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yokuphefumula.
- Umswakamo uthinta ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokupholisa, ngamaleveli omswakamo aphezulu okwenza kube nzima ukupholisa isikhala.
Umthelela Kumandla kanye Nokulawulwa Kwemvelo
- Umswakamo uthinta amandla adingekayo ukuze kuphole noma kushise isikhala, ngamaleveli omswakamo aphezulu adinga amandla engeziwe ukuze afinyelele izinga elifanayo lokunethezeka.
- Umswakamo uthinta amandla adingekayo ezinqubweni zezimboni, njengokumisa noma ukulapha izinto.
- Umswakamo uthinta ikhono lokulawula izimo zemvelo ezindaweni ezifana nezindawo zokugcina izithombo noma izikhungo zedatha.
- Ukuswakama kuyisihloko esidumile kumajenali wezobuchwepheshe futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo ze-HVAC nezinye izinhlelo zokulawula imvelo.
Sekukonke, umswakama unomthelela omkhulu endaweni ezungezile, ezempilo, nasekusetshenzisweni kwamandla ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuqonda imiphumela yomswakama kanye nendlela yokuwulawula ukuze kugcinwe indawo yokuhlala nenempilo enethezekile nenempilo.
Amaqiniso Amnandi Ngomswakama Ohlobene
Uma umswakama ohlobene uphezulu, ungase uzizwe ushisa kunezinga lokushisa langempela ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wakho awukwazi ukupholisa kahle ngokujuluka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho umswakama ohlobene uphansi, ungase uzizwe upholile kunezinga lokushisa langempela ngoba umjuluko uhwamuka ngokushesha, kukwenze uzizwe womile futhi upholile.
Amazinga Womswakamo Wasendlini Kufanele Alawulwe
Ukugcina izinga lokuswakama elihlobene phakathi kuka-30% kuya ku-50% endlini kulungele ukunethezeka nempilo. Uma umswakama uphansi kakhulu, ungabangela isikhumba esomile, ugesi ongaguquki, futhi kulimaze ifenisha yokhuni. Uma iphezulu kakhulu, ingakhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta kanye izibungu zothuli (nansi indlela yokuzinakekela), okungase kubangele ukungezwani komzimba nezinkinga zokuphefumula.
Umhwamuko Wamanzi Ulula Kunomoya
Umhwamuko wamanzi ulula kunomoya owomile, okusho ukuthi umoya onomswakama awuminyene kakhulu kunomoya owomile. Yingakho umoya oswakeme ukhuphuka futhi kungani amafu nenkungu kungase kwakheke emkhathini.
I-Supersaturation Ingabangela Amafu Nenkungu
Lapho umoya upholile, umswakama ohlobene uyakhula. Uma umoya ugcwala, umhwamuko wamanzi oweqile uzojiya ube amaconsi amancane awuketshezi noma amakristalu eqhwa, akhe amafu noma inkungu. Uma zingekho izinhlayiya ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-nuclei, ezingasebenza njengendawo engaphezulu ukuze umhwamuko uminyene, umoya ungagcwala kakhulu, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwenkungu.
I-Wilson Cloud Chamber Ichaza Ngokubunjwa Kwamafu
Nakuba ingahlobene ngokuqondile nomswakama ohlobene, igumbi lefu likaWilson, elaklanywa isazi sefiziksi uCharles Wilson, liqukethe isitsha esivaliwe esigcwele umhwamuko wotshwala namanzi ogcwele kakhulu. Uma inhlayiya eshajiwe idlula esitsheni, ikhipha umhwamuko, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwamaconsi abonakalayo akhula abe ukwakheka okufana nefu. Lesi simiso sifana nokwakheka kwamafu emkhathini.
Umswakamo Ungathinta Amazinga Olwandle
Njengoba izinga lokushisa lolwandle likhula, ama-molecule amanzi athola amandla e-kinetic futhi ayahwamuka, akhulise okuqukethwe komhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni ngaphezu kolwandle. Lokhu kubangela ukwanda komfutho womkhathi, okungabangela amazinga olwandle anyuke. Ukwengeza, umhwamuko wamanzi oweqile emkhathini ungaholela emvuleni eyengeziwe, okungase futhi kube nomthelela ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lolwandle.
Ukuswakama Kungathinta Inqwaba Yezinto
Lapho into imunca umhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni, ubukhulu bayo buyanda. Lokhu kungaba ukukhathazeka ezimbonini ezidinga izilinganiso ezinembile, ezifana nemithi noma i-electronics. Ukwengeza, umswakama ungathinta isisindo semikhiqizo yokudla, okuholela ekulinganisweni okungalungile ekuphekeni.
Sengiphetha, umswakama olinganiselwe yisihloko esithakazelisayo esithinta ukuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke ngezindlela eziningi kunalokho esingase sikuqaphele. Kusukela ekuthinteni amazinga ethu okunethezeka kuye ekunikeleni ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lolwandle, kubalulekile ukuqonda izingxenye nezimiso zomswakama ukuze kugcinwe indawo enempilo nephephile.
Isiphetho
Ngakho, lokho umswakama oyisihlobo ngamafuphi. Kuyisilinganiso senani lomhwamuko wamanzi osemoyeni uma kuqhathaniswa nobukhulu obunokwenzeka uma kubhekwa izinga lokushisa. Udinga ukwazi umswakama ohlobene ukuze uqonde ikhwalithi yomoya nokunethezeka, futhi kuyindlela elula yokwenza lokho. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukusebenzisa i-hygrometer futhi uyilinganise!
Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.
