Impilo yeshelufu ubude besikhathi impahla engase igcinwe ngaphandle kokuthi ingakufanelekeli ukusetshenziswa noma ukusetshenziswa. Isebenza ekudleni, eziphuzweni, emithini yemithi, amakhemikhali, nezinye izinto eziningi ezibolayo. Kwezinye izifunda, iseluleko esingcono kakhulu ngaphambili, ukusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo ngaphambi, noma usuku lokusha siyadingeka ekudleni okupakishiwe okonakalayo.
Kulesi sihloko, ngizochaza ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuphila kweshalofu nokuthi kunqunywa kanjani. Futhi, ngizokwabelana ngamathiphu okuthi unganweba kanjani.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizomboza:
I-Shelf-Life: Isikhathi Sokuphila Semikhiqizo Oyintandokazi Yakho
Impilo yeshelufu isho ubude besikhathi impahla engagcinwa ngaphandle kokuthi ingakufanelekeli ukusetshenziswa, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukudayiswa. Isikhathi esiphakathi kokukhiqizwa kanye nedethi yokuphelelwa yisikhathi komkhiqizo. Impilo yeshelufu yomkhiqizo ingahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa ezifana nohlobo lomkhiqizo, izimo zokugcinwa, kanye nokupakishwa.
Kungani I-Shelf-Life Ibalulekile?
Impilo yeshelufu ibalulekile ngezizathu ezimbalwa, ezihlanganisa:
- Ukuphepha: Imikhiqizo eyeqe impilo yayo yeshelufu ingaba yingozi empilweni kubathengi ngenxa yokukhula kwamabhaktheriya ayingozi noma amanye amagciwane.
- Ikhwalithi: Imikhiqizo eyeqe impilo yayo yeshelufu ingalahlekelwa ikhwalithi yayo, ukunambitheka, nokuthungwa kwayo, iyenze ingakhangi kangako kubathengi.
- Ezomnotho: Imikhiqizo eyeqe impilo yayo yeshelufu ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali kubakhiqizi, abathengisi, kanye nabathengi.
Inqunywa Kanjani I-Shelf-Life?
Impilo yeshelufu yomkhiqizo inqunywa ngokuhlolwa nokuhlola okuhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Microbiological: Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola umkhiqizo ngokukhula kwama-microorganisms afana namagciwane, imvubelo, kanye nesikhunta.
- Ukuhlola izinzwa: Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlola ukubukeka komkhiqizo, ukunambitheka, nokuthungwa.
- Ukuhlola okusheshisiwe: Lokhu kubandakanya ukubeka umkhiqizo ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama ukuze kutholwe ukuqina kwawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinto Ezithinta I-Shelf-Life
Izinto ezimbalwa zingathinta impilo yeshalofu yomkhiqizo, okuhlanganisa:
- Izinga lokushisa: Imikhiqizo kufanele igcinwe ezingeni lokushisa elifanele ukuvimbela ukonakala futhi yandise impilo yayo yeshalofu.
- Ukupakisha: Ukupakisha ngendlela efanele kungasiza ekuvikeleni umkhiqizo ekukhanyeni, emoyeni, nasemanzini, okungase konakale.
- Uhlobo lomkhiqizo: Imikhiqizo ehlukene inezimpilo zamashalofu ezihlukene ngokuya ngokwakheka kwayo nezithako.
Ukulawula izinga lokushisa: Ukhiye Wempilo Yeshelufu Ende
Uma kuziwa ekugcineni imikhiqizo isikhathi eside, ukulawula izinga lokushisa kubalulekile. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokulondoloza lingavimbela ukuwohloka kwezinhlanganisela zokudla, okungaholela ekukhuleni kwamabhaktheriya namanye amagciwane. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kungase futhi kuphoqelele ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okusheshisa inqubo yokuguga yomkhiqizo.
Iliphi Izinga Lokushisa Elidingekayo?
Izinga lokushisa elidingekayo lokugcina imikhiqizo liyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokudla. Isibonelo, inyama yenkomo neyenkukhu kudingeka zigcinwe emazingeni okushisa abandayo ukuze zilondoloze impilo yazo yeshalofu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okunye ukudla kudinga izindlela ezikhethekile zokugcina, njengokusebenzisa i-dehydrator noma ukususa umswakama ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubola.
Indlela Yokulondoloza Izinga Lokushisa Elinembile
Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elinembile kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuwohloka kwezinhlanganisela zokudla. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokugcina izinga lokushisa elinembile:
- Sebenzisa i-thermometer ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa linembile.
- Gcina ukudla endaweni ebandayo ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kwamagciwane.
- Pheka imikhiqizo ngezinga lokushisa elidingekayo ukuze uvimbele ukusebenza kokusabela kwamakhemikhali okusheshisa inqubo yokuguga.
- Sebenzisa amaphakheji akhethekile aklanyelwe ukugcina izinga lokushisa elidingekayo.
Umthetho Wesithupha
Njengomthetho wesithupha, khumbula njalo ukuthi lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi, isikhathi eside sokuphila kweshalofu. Amazinga okushisa abandayo anciphisa ukuwohloka kwezinhlanganisela zokudla, okungaholela ekuphileni kweshalofu ende. Nokho, khumbula ukuthi ngisho nokulawulwa kahle kwezinga lokushisa, ukudla ekugcineni kuzophuka futhi kube kuguga. Ngaso sonke isikhathi qaphela izinsuku "zokusetshenziswa" noma "ezingcono kakhulu zangaphambili" emikhiqizweni ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isasebenziseka.
Ukupakisha Kuyithinta Kanjani Impilo Yeshelufu Yemikhiqizo
Ukupakisha kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo. Inesibopho sokuvikela umkhiqizo ezintweni zangaphandle ezingathinta ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwawo. Izinto zokupakisha, idizayini, nezimo zokugcina zonke izinto ezibalulekile ezinquma impilo yeshalofu yomkhiqizo.
Ukubaluleka Kokupakisha Okufanelekile
Ukupakisha ngendlela efanele kunganweba kakhulu impilo yeshalofu yomkhiqizo, kuyilapho ukupakishwa okungafanele kungayifinyeza. Iphakheji kufanele yakhelwe ukulawula ukudluliswa komswakama, umoya-mpilo, namanye amagesi angathinta ikhwalithi nokuphepha komkhiqizo. Iphakheji kufanele futhi ikwazi ukuvikela umkhiqizo ekulimaleni ngokomzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthuthwa.
Izinhlobo Zokupakisha
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaphakeji: asebenzayo kanye ne-passive. Ukupakisha okusebenzayo kusebenzisa izinto ezithile kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yeshalofu yomkhiqizo. Kungabandakanya izinto zokulahla umoya-mpilo, izimunca umswakama, nama-antimicrobial agents. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukupakishwa kwe-Passive, kuqukethe izinto ezingahlangani ngokusebenzayo nomkhiqizo kodwa ezihlinzeka ngomgoqo wokuwuvikela ezintweni zangaphandle.
Impahla Yokupakisha
Izinto zokupakisha nazo ziyisici esibalulekile esithinta impilo yeshalofu yomkhiqizo. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikhethwe ngokusekelwe ezicini zomkhiqizo, ezifana nomswakama wawo, i-pH, nomsebenzi webhayoloji. Ngokwesibonelo, ukudla okusemathinini kuhlala isikhathi eside ngoba ikani linikeza isivalo esingangenisi umoya esivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane.
I-FDA kanye neShelf Life
I-FDA idinga ukuthi abakhiqizi bahlole impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo yabo futhi bafake nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ephaketheni. Impilo yeshelufu inqunywa ngokwenza izivivinyo ezijwayelekile emkhiqizweni ukuze kutholwe ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. IShelf Life Extension Programme (SLEP) ye-FDA iphinde ivumele amasosha ukuthi asebenzise izidakamizwa eseziphelelwe yisikhathi kodwa ezisaphephile futhi ezisebenzayo.
I-Marketing Aspect
Ukupakisha nakho kunendima ekukhangiseni. Idizayini yokupakisha nokulebula kungathinta umbono womthengi ngekhwalithi nobusha bomkhiqizo. Umkhiqizo onelebula elikhangayo nelifundisayo kungenzeka ukuthi uthengwe kunalowo onelebula elingenalutho nelingenalo ulwazi.
Isiphetho
Ngakho, ukuphila kweshelufu kusho ubude besikhathi umkhiqizo ongagcinwa ngaphambi kokuba ungasafanele ukusetshenziswa.
Kufanele unake usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi nezimo zokugcina, futhi khumbula ukuthi ukulawula izinga lokushisa kubalulekile ekwandiseni impilo yeshalofu. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo yegrosa yakho mayelana nempilo yeshelufu.
Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.
