Kuwongolera kwathunthu kwa magudumu a dizilo: zigawo & kagwiritsidwe

Jenereta ya dizilo imapangidwa ndi injini ya dizilo ndi jenereta yamagetsi kupanga magetsi mphamvu.

Amapangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito dizilo, koma mitundu ina yama jenereta imagwiritsa ntchito utsi wina, gasi, kapena zonse ziwiri (bi-fuel operation). Monga mukuwonera, tikambirana mitundu itatu yamagetsi, koma kuyang'ana pa dizilo.

Nthawi zambiri, ma jenereta a dizilo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe sanalumikizidwe ndi gridi yamagetsi ndipo nthawi zina amakhala obwezeretsa mphamvu pakagwa magetsi.

Komanso, ma jenereta amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masukulu, zipatala, nyumba zamalonda, ngakhale migodi komwe amapereka mphamvu zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito zida zolemetsa.

Kuphatikiza kwa injini, jenereta yamagetsi, ndi zinthu zina za jenereta amatchedwa seti yopangira kapena gen.

Magudumu a dizilo amapezeka mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, pazofunsira zazing'ono monga nyumba ndi maofesi, zimayambira 8kW mpaka 30Kw.

Pankhani yamagetsi akulu monga mafakitale, kukula kwake kumasiyana 80kW mpaka 2000Kw.

Kodi jenereta ya dizilo ndi chiyani?

Pamlingo wofunikira kwambiri, jenereta wa dizilo ndi Genset ya dizilo yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku kuphatikiza kwa injini yamafuta a dizilo ndi jenereta yamagetsi kapena alternator.

Chida chodabwitsachi chimapanga magetsi kuti azipangira chilichonse pakagwa mdima kapena m'malo omwe kulibe magetsi.

Chifukwa chiyani dizilo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma jenereta?

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Dizilo akadali mafuta osawononga ndalama zambiri. Mwambiri, dizilo imagulitsidwa pang'ono kuposa mafuta, komabe, ili ndi mwayi kuposa mafuta ena.

Ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu zambiri zimatha kutengedwa kuchokera ku dizilo kuposa mafuta.

M'magalimoto ndi magalimoto ena, izi zimatanthauzira ma mileage apamwamba. Chifukwa chake, ndikadzaza mafuta okwanira a dizilo, mutha kuyendetsa motalikirapo kuposa mafuta amtundu womwewo.

Mwachidule, dizilo ndiwokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo imagwira bwino ntchito kwambiri.

Kodi jenereta ya dizilo imapanga bwanji magetsi?

Jenereta ya dizilo imasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala zamagetsi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti jenereta samapanga magetsi koma amakhala ngati njira yamagetsi yamagetsi.

Imagwira chimodzimodzi ndi pampu yamadzi yomwe imangololeza kuti madzi adutse.

Choyambirira, mpweya umatengedwa ndikuwomberedwa mu jenereta mpaka utakanikizika. Kenako, mafuta obayira dizilo amabayidwa.

Kuphatikizana kwa mpweya ndi jakisoni wamafuta kumayambitsa kutentha komwe kumapangitsa kuti mafuta aziwala. Ili ndiye lingaliro loyambira la jenereta ya dizilo.

Mwachidule, jenereta imagwira ntchito yoyaka dizilo.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapanga jenereta ya dizilo ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Tiyeni tiwone zonse zomwe amapanga dizilo ndi udindo wawo.

i. Injini

Gawo la injini la jenereta ndilofanana ndi injini yamagalimoto ndipo limakhala gwero lamagetsi amagetsi. Mphamvu zazikulu zomwe jenereta amatha kupanga ndizogwirizana ndi kukula kwa injini.

ii. Wosinthira

Ichi ndiye gawo la jenereta ya dizilo yomwe imasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala zamagetsi. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito ya alternator ndiyofanana ndi njira yomwe Michael Faraday anafotokozera m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi.

Mfundoyi imaganiza kuti magetsi amayendetsedwa ndi woyendetsa magetsi akamadutsa maginito. Izi zimayambitsa ma elekitironi kudzera pamagetsi oyendetsa magetsi.

Kuchuluka kwa zomwe zapangidwa pano ndizofanana molingana ndi mphamvu yamaginito. Pali zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri zosinthira. Amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti mayendedwe pakati pama conductor ndi maginito apange maginito amagetsi;

(a) Sintha

Lili ndi ma coil a kondakitala wamagetsi anavulazidwa pachimake chachitsulo.

(b) Kuzungulira

Zimapanga maginito mozungulira stator yomwe imapangitsa kusiyana kwamagetsi komwe kumapangitsa kusinthasintha kwamakono (A / C).

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kuziganizira mukamasankha wina, kuphatikiza:

(a) Nyumba

Bokosi lazitsulo limakhala lolimba kuposa pulasitiki.

Kuphatikiza apo, bulangeti la pulasitiki limapunduka ndipo limatha kuwonetsa zomwe zidapanganazi zikuchulukirachulukira komanso kuwopsa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

(b) Kubereka

Ma Ball Ball amatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mayendedwe a singano.

(c) Maburashi

Zojambula zopanda mabulashi zimatulutsa mphamvu zoyera ndipo ndizosavuta kusamalira kuposa zomwe zimakhala ndi maburashi.

iii. Mafuta dongosolo

Thanki ya mafuta iyenera kukhala yokwanira kusungira mafuta kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi mpaka asanu ndi atatu akugwira ntchito.

Kwa timagulu ting'onoting'ono kapena tonyamula, thankiyo ndi gawo la jenereta ndipo imapangidwira kunja kwa ma jenereta akulu. Komabe, kukhazikitsa kwa akasinja akunja kumafunikira kuvomerezedwa kofunikira. Mafutawa ali ndi zinthu zotsatirazi;

(a) Chitoliro chamagetsi

Iyi ndi chitoliro chomwe chimalumikiza thanki yamafuta ku injini.

(b) Chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya

Chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya chimalepheretsa kupanikizika ndi kutulutsa mpweya pomanga ndikubwezeretsanso kapena kutsitsa thankiyo.

(c) Chitoliro chodzaza

Chitoliro ichi chimalepheretsa kukhathamira kwa mafuta pa jenereta mukamadzaza.

(d) Pompa

Imasamutsa mafuta kuchokera m'thanki yosungira kupita ku thanki yogwira ntchito.

(e) Zosefera mafuta

Chosefacho chimasiyanitsa mafuta ndi madzi ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa dzimbiri kapena kuipitsidwa.

(f) Jekeseni

Amapopera mafuta kumphamvu kumene kuyaka kumachitika.

iv. Voltage yang'anira

Voltage regulator ndichofunikira kwambiri pakupanga. Izi zimayang'anira mphamvu yotulutsa. M'malo mwake, kuwongolera kwamagetsi ndi njira yovuta yozungulira yomwe imatsimikizira kuti magetsi amatuluka mofanana ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito.

Masiku ano, zida zambiri zamagetsi zimadalira magetsi. Popanda owongolera, mphamvu zamagetsi sizingakhazikike chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwamajini kosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chake jenereta sagwira ntchito moyenera.

v. Njira yozizira komanso yotulutsa utsi

(a) Njira yozizira

Kupatula mphamvu yamagetsi, jenereta imatulutsanso kutentha kwambiri. Machitidwe ozizira ndi mpweya wabwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse kutentha kwakukulu.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yozizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma dizilo kutengera momwe amagwiritsira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, madzi nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma jenereta ang'onoang'ono kapena ma jenereta akuluakulu opitilira 2250kW.

Komabe, hydrogen imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magetsi ambiri chifukwa imatenga kutentha bwino kuposa zozizira zina. Ma radiator ovomerezeka ndi mafani nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zoziziritsira makamaka m'malo okhala.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti jenereta iike pamalo okwanira mpweya wabwino kuti mpweya wabwino uziziririka.

(b) Njira yotulutsa utsi

Zofanana ndi injini yamagalimoto, jenereta ya dizilo imatulutsa mankhwala owopsa monga kaboni monoxide omwe amayenera kuyendetsedwa bwino. Makina otulutsa utsi amatsimikizira kuti mpweya wa poizoni wopangidwa umatayidwa moyenera kuti awonetsetse kuti anthu sakuvulazidwa ndi utsi wa utsi wa poizoni.

Nthawi zambiri, mapaipi otulutsa utsi amapangidwa ndi chitsulo, chitsulo, ndi chitsulo. Saphatikizidwa ndi injini kuti achepetse kugwedezeka.

vi. Lubricating dongosolo

Jenereta amaphatikizapo magawo osunthika omwe amafunikira mafuta kuti azitha kuyenda bwino komanso kulimba. Pampu yamafuta ndi malo osanjikiza mu injini amangogwiritsa ntchito mafutawo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mafuta maola asanu ndi atatu aliwonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti pali mafuta okwanira. Pakadali pano, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'anitsitsa kutuluka kulikonse.

vii. Chaja ya batri

Jenereta wa dizilo amadalira batri kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito. Ma charger osapanga dzimbiri amaonetsetsa kuti batire ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira zamagetsi oyandama kuchokera ku jenereta. Makinawo ali ndi makina kwathunthu ndipo safuna kusintha kwamanja. Simuyenera kusokoneza gawo ili lazida.

viii. Gulu lowongolera

Ichi ndi mawonekedwe omwe jenereta imayendetsedwa ndikugwiritsidwira ntchito. Zomwe gulu lililonse limayang'anira zimasiyana kutengera wopanga. Zina mwazomwe zili ndi monga;

(a) Bulu loyatsa / kutseka

Batani loyambira limatha kukhala lamanja, lokhalo kapena onse awiri. Kuwongolera koyambira kwamagalimoto kumangoyambitsa zokha kwa jenereta pakasowa. Komanso, imatseka kugwira ntchito pomwe jenereta sakuigwiritsa ntchito.

(b) Kuyesa ma injini

Sonyezani magawo osiyanasiyana monga kutentha kwa kozizira, kuthamanga kwa kasinthasintha, ndi zina zambiri.

(c) Mayeso a jenereta

Ikuwonetsa muyeso wama frequency apano, magetsi, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa zovuta zamagetsi zitha kuwononga jenereta ndipo zikutanthauza kuti simupeza magetsi nthawi zonse.

ix. Chimango Assembly

Ma jenereta onse amakhala ndi kanyumba kopanda madzi kamene kamasunga zinthu zonse pamodzi ndikupereka chitetezo ndi chithandizo chamapangidwe. Pomaliza, jenereta ya dizilo imasintha mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito lamulo lamagetsi lamagetsi, motero limapereka mphamvu pakufunika.

Kodi pali mitundu ingati yamagetsi ya dizilo?

Pali mitundu itatu yamagetsi yama dizilo yomwe mungagule.

1. Yonyamula

Makina osunthira amtunduwu amatha kutengedwa panjira nanu kupita kulikonse komwe angafunikire. Nawo mawonekedwe a magudumu onyamula:

• jenereta yamtunduwu imagwiritsa ntchito injini yoyaka
• itha kulumikizidwa mu socket ku zida zamagetsi kapena zida zamagetsi
• mutha kuyiyika waya pama subpanels
• zabwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo akutali
• sizimapanga mphamvu zambiri, koma zimapanga mokwanira kuyendetsa zida ngati TV kapena firiji
• zabwino zopangira zida zazing'ono ndi magetsi
• mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kazembe yemwe amayang'anira kuthamanga kwa injini
• Nthawi zambiri imathamanga kwinakwake mozungulira 3600 rpm

2. Inverter jenereta

Jenereta yamtunduwu imatulutsa mphamvu ya AC. Injiniyo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chosinthira china ndipo imatulutsa mtundu uwu wamagetsi a AC. Kenako imagwiritsa ntchito chokonzanso chomwe chimasintha mphamvu ya AC kukhala mphamvu ya DC. Nawu mawonekedwe a jenereta wotere:

• jenereta ya inverter imagwiritsa ntchito maginito apamwamba kuti agwire ntchito
• yamangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zapamwamba
• popanga magetsi imadutsa magawo atatu
• imapereka zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi pafupipafupi
• jenereta iyi imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri chifukwa liwiro la injini limadzikonza lokha kutengera mphamvu yomwe ikufunika
• AC ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamagetsi kapena pafupipafupi momwe mungasankhire
• magudumuwa ndiopepuka komanso ophatikizika zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amalowa m'galimoto yanu mosavuta

Mwachidule, jenereta ya inverter imapanga mphamvu ya AC, ndikuisintha kukhala mphamvu ya DC, kenako ndikuyibwezeretsanso ku AC.

3. Standby jenereta

Udindo wa wopanga uyu ndikupereka mphamvu panthawi yamagetsi kapena kuzimazima kwa magetsi. Makina amagetsiwa amakhala ndi switch yamagetsi yomwe imawalamula kuti ayatseke kuti apange magetsi pakazima magetsi. Nthawi zambiri, zipatala zimakhala ndi ma jenereta osungira zinthu kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida zimayendetsabe bwino nthawi ya mdima. Nayi mawonekedwe a jenereta woyimilira:

• jenereta yamtunduwu imagwira ntchito zokha popanda kufunika kosintha kapena kuzimitsa pamanja
• imapereka gwero lokhalitsa lamphamvu ngati chitetezero kuzima
• zopangidwa ndi zinthu ziwiri: choyamba, pali makina oyimilira omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi gawo lachiwiri lotchedwa switch switch
• imatha kugwira ntchito pa gasi - gasi wachilengedwe kapena propane wamadzi
• amagwiritsa ntchito injini yoyaka mkati
• Idzazindikira kuti mphamvu yataya mphindi zochepa ndikuyamba kuthamanga yokha
• amagwiritsidwa ntchito motetezera zinthu monga zikepe, zipatala, ndi njira zotetezera moto

Kodi jenereta imagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zingati pa ola?

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe jenereta amagwiritsa ntchito kumadalira kukula kwa jenereta, wowerengedwa mu KW. Komanso, zimatengera katundu wa chipangizocho. Nayi zitsanzo zina zogwiritsa ntchito pa ola limodzi.

• Kukula kwa jenereta yaying'ono 60KW imagwiritsa ntchito malita 4.8 / hr pa 100% katundu
• Kukula kwa Generator Kukula 230KW imagwiritsa ntchito malita 16.6 / hr pa 100% katundu
• Jenereta Kukula 300KW amagwiritsa 21.5 malita / hr pa 100% katundu
• Kukula kwa Generator Yaikulu 750KW imagwiritsa ntchito 53.4gallons / hr pa 100% katundu

Kodi jenereta ya dizilo imatha kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Ngakhale kulibe nambala yeniyeni, ambiri opanga ma dizilo amakhala ndi moyo pakati pa maola 10,000 mpaka 30,000, kutengera mtundu ndi kukula kwake.

Ponena za magwiridwe antchito, zimadalira jenereta yanu yoyimirira. Ambiri opanga ma jenereta amalimbikitsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito jenereta yanu kwa maola pafupifupi 500 nthawi imodzi (mosalekeza).

Izi zimamasulira pafupifupi milungu itatu kapena kupitilira apo osagwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kukhala kutali popanda kudandaula pafupifupi mwezi.

Kukonza jenareta

Tsopano popeza mukudziwa momwe jenereta amagwirira ntchito, muyenera kudziwa malangizo othandizira kukonza dizilo.

Choyamba, muyenera kutsatira ndandanda ya kukonza komwe akukonza.

Onetsetsani kuti mwatenga jenereta kuti mukayendere kamodzi kanthawi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amayang'ana zotuluka zilizonse, fufuzani mafuta ndi mafuta ozizira, ndikuyang'ana malamba ndi mapaipi kuti awonongeke.

Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri amayang'ana malo amagetsi a jenereta ndi zingwe chifukwa zimatha nthawi.

Momwemonso, jenereta yanu imafuna kusintha kwamafuta pafupipafupi kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwira bwino ntchito komanso kuti izigwira bwino ntchito.

Mwachitsanzo, jenereta yosasamalika bwino imagwira ntchito pang'ono ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri, zomwe zimakuwonongerani ndalama zambiri.

Wopanga dizilo wanu wamkulu amafunika kusintha kwamafuta pakatha maola pafupifupi 100 akugwira ntchito.

Kodi mwayi wa jenereta ya dizilo ndi chiyani?

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kukonza jenereta ya dizilo ndikotsika mtengo kuposa gasi. Momwemonso, ma jenereta amenewa amafunikira kukonza pang'ono ndikukonzanso.

Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti jenereta ya dizilo ilibe ma plug ndi ma carburetors. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kusintha zinthu zodula izi.

Jenereta iyi ndiyopindulitsa chifukwa ndiye gwero lodalirika kwambiri lobwezera zosungira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuzipatala mwachitsanzo.

Ma jenereta ndiosavuta kusamalira poyerekeza ndi mafuta. Momwemonso, amapereka magetsi osayima komanso osadukiza magetsi akadzalephera.

Pomaliza, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mupeze jenereta ya dizilo. Ndiyofunika kukhala nayo ngati mupita kumadera opanda magetsi kapena mumathimathima pafupipafupi.

Zipangizozi ndizothandiza kwambiri popanga zida zanu zamagetsi. Komanso, ndizothandiza komanso zotsika mtengo.

Werenganinso: malamba azidawa ndiabwino kwa akatswiri amagetsi komanso akatswiri

Ndine Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa Tools Doctor, content marketer, and dad. Ndimakonda kuyesa zida zatsopano, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu langa ndakhala ndikupanga zolemba zakuya zamabulogu kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi zida & malangizo opangira.