Fenicha: Kuongorora Mhando dzehuni, Simbi, uye Zvimwe

Furniture izita guru rezvinhu zvinofambiswa zvakaitirwa kutsigira mabasa akasiyana-siyana evanhu sekugara (semuenzaniso, zvigaro, zvituru uye masofa) nekurara (semuenzaniso, mibhedha). Furnicha inoshandiswawo kubata zvinhu paurefu hwakakodzera kushanda (senzvimbo dzakachinjika pamusoro pevhu, sematafura nemadhesiki), kana kuchengeta zvinhu (semuenzaniso, makabhati nemasherufu).

Furniture chinhu chipi nechipi kana chinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira imba, imba, kana chimwe chivakwa chinokodzera kugara kana kushanda.

Muchinyorwa chino, ndichatsanangura kuti fenicha chii, kuti inoshandiswa sei, uye kuti inoshandurwa sei nekufamba kwenguva.

Iyo Inonakidza Etymology yeFenicha

• Izwi rokuti "furniture" rinobva pashoko rechiFrench rokuti "fourniture," zvinoreva midziyo.
• Mumimwe mitauro mizhinjisa yeEurope, zvisinei, shoko rinowirirana rinobva mushoko rechiLatin rokuti “mobilis,” rinoreva kufambisa.
• Shoko rechiShona rokuti “furniture” rinodavirwa kuva rakatorwa mushoko rechiLatin rokuti “fundus,” rinoreva “pasi” kana kuti “nheyo.”

Zvishandiso uye Mafomu eFenicha

• Midziyo yekare yaigadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira matombo, matanda, uye shinda dzemusikirwo.
• Mafomu makuru emidziyo yekutanga aisanganisira kugara, kuchengetedza, uye matafura.
• Huwandu hwezvishandiso zviripo uye dhigirii rehunyanzvi hwekuvaka hwakasiyana zvichienderana netsika yakatarwa uye nguva.
• Kukosha kwefenicha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva kwakawedzera sezvo vanhu vakave vakashongedzerwa kuvaka nekuchengetedza zvinhu.

Basa Rakasarudzika reFenicha muNhoroondo yeMunhu

• Fenicha yakaita basa rinokosha munhau yevanhu, ichigovera nzira yokugara, yokurara, uye yokuchengetera zvinhu.
• Kuvakwa uye dhizaini yefenicha yakakanganiswa netsika nehunyanzvi maitiro munhoroondo yese.
• Mienzaniso inopona yefenicha yekare inopa ruzivo rwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye tsika dzevanhu kubva panguva dzakasiyana uye tsika.
• Fenicha inoramba iine chinhu chakakosha chehupenyu hwevanhu, nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvitaera uye zvinhu zvinowanikwa kushandiswa kwemazuva ano.

Iyo Inonakidza Nhoroondo yeFenicha

• Pfungwa yefenicha yakatanga munguva dzekare, ingangoita 3100-2500 BCE.
• Zvinhu zvekare zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kweimba zvakaitwa nematombo, sezvo huni hwakanga husingawaniki nyore munguva yeNeolithic nguva.
• Mhando dzekutanga dzefenicha dzaisanganisira madhirezi, makabati, uye mibhedha.
• Humbowo hwekuvakwa kwefenicha yakawanikwa munzvimbo dzakaita seSkara Brae muScotland uye Çatalhöyük muTurkey.

Iko Kushanduka Kwemidziyo Yefenicha

• Sezvo vanhu vakatanga kudzidzira zvekurima nekuvaka misha, huni dzakava chinhu chakajairika chemidziyo.
• Mhando huru dzehuni dzinoshandiswa pakuvaka fenicha dzaisanganisira zvitunha zvemuti uye zvidimbu zvakakura zvehuni hwepanyama.
• Zvimwe zvinhu zvaishandiswa zvaisanganisira matombo nemifananidzo yemhuka.
• Kuvakwa kwefenicha kwakafambira mberi nekufamba kwenguva, vanhu vachiva neshongedzero yekuvaka nekuchengetedza zvinhu.
• Huwandu hwezvinhu zvakashandiswa kuvaka fenicha yakawedzera kuti ibatanidze zvakasiyana-siyana zvechisikigo uye zvakagadzirwa nevanhu.

Furnicha muEgypt yekare

• Humbowo hwefenicha hwakawanikwa mumakuva ekare ekuEjipita, anotangira kusvika kuma3000 BCE.
• Kuiswa kwefenicha mumakuva kunoreva kukosha kwefenicha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye mushure mekufa.
• Mupata waNile wakanga uri nzvimbo huru yekuvaka fenicha, ine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira mibhedha, macheya, uye makabati zvakawanikwa mukucherwa.
• Kubatanidzwa kwechigaro mumwarikadzi Isis chifananidzo kunoreva kukosha kwefenicha mumitambo yechitendero.

Zvimedu Zvimire zveFenicha

• Zvimedu zvekutanga zvakasara zvefenicha zvakadzokera kumashure eNeolithic nguva.
• Iyo Skara Brae dresser, yenguva ingangoita 3100 BCE, ndechimwe chekare chisara zvidimbu zvefenicha.
• Kuiswa kwefenicha munzvimbo dzekuchera matongo dzakadai seÇatalhöyük uye Skara Brae inopa ruzivo rwehupenyu hwemazuva ese hwevanhu vekare.
• Zvimedu zvakawanda zvekare zvefenicha zvinogona kuwanikwa mumamyuziyamu pasi rose, kusanganisira British Museum neLouvre.

Kusarudza Iyo Yakakodzera Fenicha Type yeImba Yako

Furniture chigadzirwa chakakosha chinobatsira kutsanangura pakati penzvimbo ipi neipi yekugara. Yakagadzirirwa kupa akasiyana masitaera uye mabasa anogona kuita kuti imba yako ive nzvimbo iri nani yekugara. Nemazana emhando dziripo pamusika, zvinogona kunetsa kuziva kuti ndeupi rudzi rwakanyanya kune zvaunoda chaizvo. Mugwaro iri, isu tichakubatsira iwe kuti unzwisise akasiyana marudzi efenicha uye iwo chaiwo mabasa.

Mhando dzeFenicha

Heano marudzi akajairika efenicha aunogona kuwana pamusika:

• Furnicha yeMumba yekutandarira: Iyi mhando yefenicha yakagadzirirwa imba yekutandarira uye inosanganisira matafura, zvigaro, uye masofa. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa imba yekutandarira fenicha inosanganisira matafura ekofi, macheya ekutaura, uye console matafura.

• Furniture yemumba yekudyira: Rudzi urwu rwefenicha yakagadzirirwa imba yekudyira uye inosanganisira matafura ekudyira, zvigaro, uye mabhenji. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa imba yekudyira fenicha inosanganisira matafura ekudyira, macheya ekudyira, uye mabhenji ekudyira.

• Furniture yemumba yekurara: Iyi mhando yefenicha yakagadzirirwa imba yekurara uye inosanganisira mibhedha, matafura eparutivi pemubhedha, matafura ekupfekedza, uye makamuri ekuchengetera. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa fenicha yekurara inosanganisira mibhedha, matafura epamibhedha, uye matafura ekupfeka.

• Fenicha Yevana: Iyi mhando yefenicha yakagadzirirwa vacheche uye inosanganisira mibhedha, kuchinja matafura, uye varongi vematoyi. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa fenicha yevana inosanganisira mibhedha, kuchinja matafura, uye varongi vematoyi.

• Furniture yeHofisi Yepamba: Iyi mhando yefenicha yakagadzirirwa hofisi yemba uye inosanganisira madhesiki, macheya, uye varongi. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa imba yehofisi fenicha inosanganisira madhesiki, macheya, uye varongi.

• Accent Furniture: Iyi mhando yefenicha yakagadzirirwa kuwedzera chimiro uye basa kune chero nzvimbo mumba mako. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa fenicha yekutaura inosanganisira zvipfuva, marambi, uye miti yehoro.

Zvishandiso Zvinoshandiswa MuFenicha

Fenicha inogona kugadzirwa kubva kune zvakasiyana zvinhu, kusanganisira:

• Huni: Ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kushandiswa mufenicha. Inogara kwenguva refu uye inogona kugadzirwa mumhando dzakasiyana uye magadzirirwo.

• Metal: Nyaya iyi inoshandiswa kugadzira fenicha yemazuva ano neyemaindasitiri. Iyo yakasimba uye inogona kushandiswa kugadzira akasiyana madhizaini.

• Zvimwe Zvishandiso: Fenicha inogonawo kugadzirwa kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita segirazi, plastiki, uye dehwe.

Storage Furniture

Kuchengetera fenicha yakagadzirirwa kupa imwe nzvimbo yekuchengetedza mumba mako. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa yekuchengetedza fenicha inosanganisira:

• Zvipfuva: Izvi zvakagadzirirwa kuchengeta mbatya nezvimwe zvinhu muimba yekurara.

• Varongi: Izvi zvakagadzirirwa kuchengeta matoyi nezvimwe zvinhu mukamuri remwana.

• Miti yeHoro: Izvi zvakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza majasi nezvimwe zvinhu mukoridho.

Kuongorora Mhando Yakasiyana-siyana Yehuni Mhando Dzinoshandiswa Mukugadzira Fenicha

Kana zvasvika pakugadzira fenicha, kune mapoka maviri makuru ehuni: hardwood uye softwood. Hardwood inobva pamiti yakasvibirira, iyo inorasikirwa nemashizha mukudonha, nepo softwood inobva pamiti yakasvibirira inochengeta tsono dzayo gore rose. Hardwood inowanzofarirwa kugadzira fenicha nekuti yakaonda uye yakasimba pane yakapfava.

Anowanzo Kushandiswa Wood Types

Heano mamwe emhando dzakakurumbira dzehuni dzinoshandiswa mukugadzira fenicha:

• Oak: Muti wakaomarara unoshandiswa kugadzira matafura, zvigaro, uye makabati. Iine tsanga yakatwasuka uye yakareruka kusvika pakati pebrown ruvara.
• Mepu: Imwe huni yakaoma inosiyana-siyana uye inowanzoshandiswa kuvagadziri, madhesiki, uye makabati ekicheni. Iine ruvara rwakajeka uye chimiro chezviyo chisina kujeka.
• Mahogany: Huni premium hardwood inowanikwa kunzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAsia. Iyo ine yakapfuma, yakasviba ruvara uye yakasarudzika yezviyo pateni inoita kuti ive yakanaka kune yepamusoro-yekupedzisira fenicha zvidimbu.
• Pine: Muti munyoro unowanikwa uye unowanzoshandiswa pakuvaka fenicha. Iine ruvara rwakajeka uye mutsara wezviyo wakarurama.
• Rosewood: Huni yakaoma iyo yakapfuma uye inotakura zvakasiyana-siyana. Inowanzo kudhura uye inoshandiswa kune vintage furniture zvidimbu.
• Cherry: Huni yakaoma inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira fenicha yekudyira. Iine ruvara rutsvuku-ruvara uye chimiro chezviyo chakarurama.
• Teak: Chimuti chakaoma chemunzvimbo dzinopisa chinowanzo shandiswa fenicha yekunze nekuda kwekuramba kwayo kumvura nezvipembenene. Iine ruvara rwakapfuma rwegoridhe-ruvara uye mutsara wezviyo wakatwasuka.
• Mindi: Huni yakaoma inowanzoshandiswa patafura yekofi uye maTV. Iine ruvara rwakatsvuka ruvara uye yakatwasuka tsanga patani.

Zvinhu Zvokufunga nezvazvo Pakusarudza Huni

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Pakusarudza huni pakugadzira fenicha, pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvekufunga nezvazvo:

• Janka mamakisi: Izvi zvinoyera kuoma kwehuni uye zvakakosha pakuona kusimba kwechidimbu chefenicha.
• Grain pateni: Iyo yezviyo pateni inogona kukanganisa kutaridzika kwese kwechidimbu chefenicha.
• Ruvara: Rudzi rwehuni runogonawo kukanganisa kutaridzika kwese kwechidimbu chefenicha.
• Kuwanikwa: Mamwe marudzi ehuni anowanikwa zvakanyanya kupfuura mamwe, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa mutengo uye kuwanikwa kwezvinhu.
• Zvikamu zvemuti: Zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuti zvinogona kuva neunhu hwakasiyana uye maumbirwo, saka zvakakosha kusarudza chikamu chakakodzera chezvaunoda.
• Nguva yekukura: Mamwe marudzi ehuni anokura nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa mutengo uye kuwanikwa kwezvinhu.

Metal fenicha kazhinji iri nyore kuchengetedza uye inogona kugara kwemakore akawanda nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera. Heano mamwe mazano ekuchengetedza fenicha yesimbi:

• Geza fenicha nguva dzose nesipo yakapfava nemvura mushonga.

• Bvisa ngura kana ngura newaya bhurasho kana sandpaper.

• Isa bhachi rewakisi kana mafuta kudzivirira simbi kubva ku ngura nekuora.

• Chengetedza fenicha yekunze mukati memwedzi yechando kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kumamiriro ekunze.

Metal fenicha isarudzo inochinja-chinja uye yakasimba kune ese arimukati uye ekunze marongero. Nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvitaera uye magadzirirwo ekusarudza kubva, kune chokwadi chekuve nesimbi fenicha chidimbu chinokodzera zvaunoda uye yako pachako maitiro.

Kuongorora Hwakawanda Hwezvinhu Zvinoshandiswa Mukugadzira Fenicha

Veneer idanda rakatetepa rehuni rinonamirwa pane yakasimba fenicha board kana MDF. Veneer inzira yakachipa kune huni yakasimba uye inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira matafura epamusoro, nzvimbo dzakashongedzwa, uye zvipfuva. Kubatsira kwefenicha yakashongedzwa ndeyekuti inogona kuwana kutaridzika kwakafanana sehuni yakasimba asi nemutengo wakaderera. Veneer inogona zvakare kuve sirivheri kana nyanga dzenzou kuti igadzire yakasarudzika kutaridzika.

Dzimba dzeGlasi

Girazi chinhu chitsva chinoshandiswa mukugadzira fenicha. Girazi fenicha inowanzowanikwa mumagadzirirwo emazuva ano uye inonyanya kukodzera nzvimbo diki. Girazi fenicha ine chikamu kana zvizere inoumbwa negirazi uye inonamirwa pane yakasimba chidimbu chefenicha board kana MDF.

Zvimwe Zvishandiso

Kunze kwehuni, simbi, uye girazi, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira fenicha. Izvi zvinosanganisira particleboard, MDF, plywood, veneer sheets, fenicha bhodhi, uye matanda. Nyaya imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Semuenzaniso, particleboard inzira yakachipa kune matanda akasimba asi yakaderera musimba. Ukuwo, huni hwakasimba ndiyo yemhando yepamusoro-soro yekugadzira fenicha asi inodhura. Unyanzvi chinhu chinokosha mukugadzirwa kwefenicha yakanaka, uye kusiyana pakati pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuvaka hakusi nguva dzose kuenzana kumativi ose.

Iyo Art yeKudzoreredza Furniture

Kudzorerwa fenicha inzira yekudzosa chidimbu pakubwinya kwacho kwekare. Zvinosanganisira kubvisa tsvina, tsvina, uye kupera kusingadiwi kuratidza kunaka kwehuni pasi. Maitiro acho ane matanho akati wandei, uye zvakakosha kuti uvatevere kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka. Heano matanho anobatanidzwa mukudzorera chidimbu chefenicha:

• Chenesa chidimbu: Tanga nekuchenesa chidimbu nejira rendishi nemvura inodziya, ine sipo. Danho iri rinobvisa tsvina netsvina kubva pamusoro pefenicha.
• Bvisa kupedzisa: Shandisa majecha ejecha kana majecha emagetsi kubvisa kupera kubva mufenicha. Iyi nhanho inoda kushivirira uye ruoko rwakadzikama kudzivirira kukanganisa kwehuni.
• Gadzirisa chero kukuvadzwa: Kana chidimbu chine chero chakakuvara, senge makatsemuka kana machipisi, shandisa huni glue kuchigadzirisa. Bvumira glue kuti iome zvachose isati yaenda kune imwe nhanho inotevera.
• Ijecha chidimbu: Isa fenicha nejecha rakanaka-grit kuti ubvise guruu rakawandisa uye kugadzira nzvimbo yakafanana.
• Isa kupedzisa kutsva: Sarudza kupedzisa kunonyatsokodzera chidimbu uye shandisa zvakaenzana. Danho iri rinoda ruoko rwakatsiga kudzivirira madrip nemafuro asingadiwe.
• Rega kupedzisa kuome: Rega kupera kuoma zvachose usati washandisa chidimbu.

Kukosha Kwekudzorera

Kudzorerwa kwefenicha hakusi kungoita kuti chidimbu chitaridzike chakanaka; kunowedzerawo kukosha kwairi. Vintage zvidimbu zvakadzorerwa zvinogona kutora mutengo wepamusoro uchienzaniswa nezvidimbu zvisina kudzorerwa. Kudzoreredza zvakare kunobvumidza iwe kuchengetedza iyo yekutanga brand uye chinangwa, ichichiita chinhu chakakosha kuva nacho.

DIY vs. Professional Restoration

Kudzoreredzwa kwefenicha kunogona kuita DIY purojekiti kana kuda rubatsiro rwenyanzvi. Heano mamwe mapoinzi ekufunga kana uchifunga kuti ndeipi sarudzo yakakunakira iwe:

• DIY kudzoreredza kunogona kukuchengetedza mari uchienzaniswa nehunyanzvi kudzoreredza.
• Kudzoreredza kwehunyanzvi kunoda maturusi akakosha uye zvinhu zvaungave usingakwanise kuwana.
• Kudzoreredza kwehunyanzvi kunowanzo kukurumidza uye kunogona kuburitsa zvirinani zvichienzaniswa nekuita kweDIY.
• Kudzoreredzwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzehuni kana kupedzisa kungada ruzivo rwakakosha uye hunyanzvi hunogona kupa chete nyanzvi.

Musiyano Pakati Kudzoreredza uye Kugadziridza

Kudzorera uye kunatsiridza kunowanzoshandiswa zvakasiyana, asi zvine zvazvinoreva zvakasiyana. Kugadziridza kunosanganisira kubvisa zvachose kupera kwekare uye kushandisa imwe nyowani, nepo kudzoreredza kunosanganisira kuchengetedza kupera kwazvino uye kuita kuti itaridzike nyowani zvakare. Kudzoreredza inzira yakatetepa kana ichienzaniswa nekukwenenzvera uye inoda kunzwisiswa kwakananga kwezvinhu uye chidimbu pachacho.

The Final Point

Kudzoreredzwa kwefenicha inzira iri nyore inogona kuita mutsauko wakakosha mukutaridzika uye kukosha kwechidimbu. Kunyangwe iwe ukasarudza DIY kana kutsvaga rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi, kunzwisisa matanho anobatanidzwa uye zvinhu zvinodiwa zvakakosha kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka. Saka ngatitorei sanding block iyi titange kushanda!

mhedziso

Saka, ndozvinoita fenicha. 

Icho chinhu chatinoshandisa mazuva ese, uye chave chiripo kwenguva yakareba. Yave iri chikamu chinokosha chenhoroondo yevanhu, ichitipa nzvimbo yekugara, yekurara, uye yekuchengetera zvinhu zvedu. 

Saka, nguva inotevera paunenge uchitsvaga fenicha nyowani, unoziva zvekutarisa.

Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weZvishandiso Chiremba, mushambadzi wemukati, uye baba. Ini ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva, uye pamwe nechikwata changu ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubva 2016 kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nematurusi & matipi ekugadzira.