White Spirit: Toxicity, Physical Properties, uye Zvimwe

White spirit (UK) kana mineral spirits (US), inozivikanwawo semineral turpentine, turpentine substitute, petroleum spirits, solvent naphtha (petroleum), varsol, Stoddard solvent, kana, kazhinji, “penda thinner”, imvura inotorwa nepetroleum yakajeka, inoonekera inoshandiswa sechinhu chakajairika chekunyungudutsa mukupenda nekushongedza.

Musanganiswa wealiphatic uye alicyclic C7 kusvika kuC12 hydrocarbons, mweya wakachena unoshandiswa sechinhu chinoputika, semugadziri wekuchenesa, sechinhu chinopisa uye sechinhu chinopisa mu aerosols, pendi, matanda ekuchengetedza, lacquers, varnishes, uye asphalt zvigadzirwa.

Muchinyorwa chino, ini ndichatsanangura mashandisirwo emweya muchena uye kugovera mamwe matipi ekuchengetedza.

Ziva Zvimiro Zvenyama zveWhite Spirit

White spirit imvura isina ruvara uye isina kunhuwa. Ichi chivakwa chinoita kuti ive yakakodzera solvent kune akasiyana maapplication, anosanganisira kutetepa pendi, kuchenesa, uye degreasing.

Kusanganiswa Kwemakemikari

White spirit musanganiswa wemakemikari anonzi petroleum hydrocarbons. Kunyatsorongeka kwemusanganiswa kunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nerudzi uye giredhi remweya wakachena.

Density uye Weight

Kuwanda kwemweya muchena kunosvika 0.8-0.9 g/cm³, zvinoreva kuti yakareruka pane mvura. Kurema kwemweya muchena kunoenderana nehuwandu hwayo uye kuwanda.

Kufashaira uye Volatility

Mudzimu muchena une nzvimbo yekubikira ye 140-200 ° C, zvinoreva kuti inoputika nekukasira pakudziya kwekamuri. Ichi chivakwa chinoita kuti chive chinonyungudutsa chinonyungudutsa chinogona kusanganiswa nemhepo zviri nyore.

Molecular uye Refractive Properties

Mudzimu muchena une huremu hwemamorekuru hwe150-200 g/mol, zvinoreva kuti imorekuru rakareruka. Iyo ine zvakare refractive index range ye1.4-1.5, zvinoreva kuti inogona kukotama chiedza.

Viscosity uye Solubility

Mudzimu wakachena une viscosity yakaderera, zvinoreva kuti inoyerera nyore. Iyo zvakare inonyungudutsa yakanaka kune akawanda organic komisheni, kusanganisira mafuta, mafuta, uye resin.

Reactivity uye Reaction

Mudzimu muchena kazhinji ikemikari yakagadzikana isingabatanidzi nezvinhu zvakawanda. Nekudaro, inogona kuita neakasimba oxidizing agents, senge chlorine uye bromine.

Europe uye Air Regulations

MuEurope, mweya muchena unodzorwa neREACH (Kunyoresa, Kuongorora, Mvumo, uye Kudzora Kemikari) mutemo. Izvo zvakare zviri pasi pemitemo yekusvibiswa kwemhepo nekuda kwekushanduka kwayo.

White Spirit: The Swiss Army Knife of Solvents

White spirit, inozivikanwawo semineral spirit, inonyungudutsa inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana ine mashandisirwo akawanda. Zvimwe zvezvinonyanya kushandiswa zvemweya muchena zvinosanganisira:

• Semutete wependi yakavakirwa pamafuta, mavarnish, uye wakisi.
• Semumiriri wekuchenesa mabhurashi, ma roller, uye mamwe maturusi ekupenda.
• Se degreaser yenzvimbo dzesimbi.
• Se solvent yekudhinda ingi uye liquid photocopier toners.
• Muindasitiri, inoshandiswa kuchenesa, kubvisa mafuta, uye kubvisa zvinhu.

Nei White Spirit iri Yekupedzisira Yekuchenesa Solution

Mudzimu muchena mhinduro yakanaka yekuchenesa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana:

• Icho chinonyungudutsa chine simba chinogona kunyungudutsa nekubvisa kunyangwe mavara akaomarara uye zvisaririra.
• Inopupuma nokukurumidza, isingasiyi chinosara shure.
• Haisi kuodza uye yakachengeteka kushandisa panzvimbo zhinji.
• Haidhuri uye inowanikwa nevakawanda.

Mashandisiro E White Spirit Kuchenesa

Heano mamwe mazano ekushandisa white spirit kuchenesa:

• Pakuchenesa mabhurashi uye mamwe maturusi ekupenda, dururira kamweya kachena mumudziyo wonyura maturusi kwemaminitsi mashoma. Zvadaro, shandisa bhurashi rekuchenesa kana sipo kubvisa chero chasara.
• Pakubvisa simbi panzvimbo, shandisa mweya muchena mushoma pajira rakachena uye pukuta nzvimbo yacho yakachena.
• Paunenge uchishandisa mweya wakachena, gara uchishanda munzvimbo ine mhepo yakanaka uye pfeka magirovhosi kudzivirira ganda rako.

White Spirit Toxicity: Kunzwisisa Njodzi

White spirit, inozivikanwawo semineral spirit kana Stoddard solvent, inonyungudutsa inowanzoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana uye emumba maapplication. Kunyange zvazvo chiri chekuchenesa chinoshanda uye degreaser, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzehutano dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwayo.

Acute Toxicity

• Mudzimu muchena unoratidzwa sechinhu chine muchetura nekuda kwehupfu hwayo, zvichireva kuti inogona kukonzera zvinokuvadza mushure mekuratidzwa kamwe chete.
• Kupinzwa kwemweya muchena kunogona kutungamirira kune central nervous system depression, zvichikonzera kurara, kunonoka kuronga, uye pakupedzisira coma.
• Kufema mweya muchena wemvura kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakanyanya kwemapapu kunonzi pneumonitis, iyo inogona kuitika kana mvura ikapinzwa mumapapu, semuenzaniso, kubva mukufema marutsi mushure mekumedza mweya muchena.
• Kusangana kweganda nemweya muchena kunogona kukonzera kushatirwa uye dermatitis.

Chronic Toxicity

• Chronic toxicity (Chronic toxicity) zvinoreva zvinokuvadza zvinokonzerwa nekudzokororwa kana kugara kwenguva refu kune chinhu kwenguva yakareba.
• Kufumurwa pabasa kumweya chena kwakabatana nezvinetso zvehutano zvakasiyana, kusanganisira matambudziko emoyo, ndangariro uye nyaya dzekutarisa, uye kuwedzera kushatirwa.
• Zvidzidzo zvakaona kuti vanopenda vanoshandisa mweya muchena kwenguva yakareba vanogona kunge vari panjodzi yekuva nechirwere chisingaperi chinoshungurudza encephalopathy (CTE), chirwere chetsinga chinogona kukonzera kuremara uye kuchinja kwehunhu.
• Iyo Nordic Occupational Exposure Limit yemweya muchena inoiswa paavhareji ye350 mg/m3 pazuva rekushanda kwemaawa masere, zvichiratidza kuti kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune yakanyanya kuwanda kwemweya muchena kunogona kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu.

Safety Tsaona

• Kuti uderedze njodzi yekusvibiswa kwemweya muchena, zvakakosha kutevera matanho ekuchengetedza paunenge uchishandisa solvent.
• Shandisa mweya muchena munzvimbo dzinofefeterwa zvakanaka kana nzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa dzine masisitimu ekufema zvakanaka kudzivirira kufemerwa kwezvinonyungudutsa.
• Pfeka magirovhosi ekudzivirira uye zvipfeko kudzivirira kusangana kweganda nemweya muchena.
• Dzivisa kumedza mweya wakachena, uye tsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza kana kunwa kana kushuvira kuripo.
• Kana ukashanda nemweya chena munzvimbo yebasa, tevedzera hutano hwebasa uye mirairo yekuchengeteka kuderedza kuratidzwa uye njodzi yekuchetura.

Kushandisa White Spirit kubva kuDIY Store: Zvaunoda Kuziva

Ehe, unogona kushandisa mweya chena kubva kuchitoro cheDIY sependi yakaonda kana solvent. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvaunofanira kuchengeta mupfungwa usati waishandisa.

Nei Mudzimu Wakachena Ungasave Sarudzo Yakakunakira Iwe

Mudzimu muchena chinhu chinonyungudutsa chakakurumbira chinoshandiswa kuonda nekubvisa pendi, polish, nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvisinei, inogona kuva nekunhuhwirira kwakasimba kunogona kukonzera dzungu kana kusvotwa. Uyezve, kuratidzirwa kwenguva refu kumweya muchena kunogona kukonzera kubata dermatitis, zvichiita kuti ive hanya yekuchengeteka kwekushandisa nguva dzose.

Zvimwe Zvigadzirwa Zvekufunga

Kana iwe uchida kudzivirira pasi pasi pemweya chena, pane zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekufunga nezvazvo. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:

• Mineral spirits: Mutsivi wemweya muchena usina chepfu uye une hwema hwakapfava.
• Turpentine: Mushonga wechinyakare wakanatswa uye unoshandiswa kunyanya mukupenda oiri. Iyo inozivikanwa nekugona kwayo kwakanakisa kuputsa pendi uye polish.
• Citrus-based solvents: Imwe nzira yechisikigo iri nyowani kumusika uye inokurudzirwa zvakanyanya nenyanzvi. Inoumbwa nemusanganiswa wezvimedu zvecitrus peel uye yakachengeteka kushandisa pane zvechinyakare zvinonyungudutsa.

Kusiyana pakati peWhite Spirit uye Alternative Products

Kunyange zvazvo mweya wakachena isarudzo yakakurumbira kune vakawanda, zvakakosha kuziva kuti haisi iyo chete sarudzo iripo. Heano mimwe misiyano pakati pemweya muchena uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa:

• Mineral spirits isarudzo yakachengeteka yekushandisa nguva dzose uye ine kunhuhwirira kwakapfava.
• Turpentine yakacheneswa zvakanyanya uye inowanzoshandiswa mukupenda mafuta, kusiyana nemweya chena iyo inoshandiswa kune dzakasiyana siyana.
• Citrus-based solvents chigadzirwa chitsva chinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya nenyanzvi nekuda kwezvimiro zvayo uye kuchengetedza mabhenefiti.

Kusarudza Yakakodzera Solvent: White Spirit vs. Turpentine

Kana zvasvika kune oiri pendi zvinonyungudutsa, mweya chena uye turpentine ndiyo miviri yakajairika sarudzo. Kunyange zvazvo zvose zviri zviviri zvinogona kubatsira kuwana kuwirirana kwakakodzera uye kunyungudutsa mabheti akaoma epende, pane zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvekufunga nezvazvo:

• Mudzimu muchena unogadzirwa nepetroleum distillate, nepo turpentine inogadzirwa neresin chaiyo inotorwa mumiti.
• Mudzimu muchena unoonekwa sewakachengeteka uye hauna muchetura pane turpentine, asi zvakare hauna simba.
• Turpentine inonyanya kunzwa kune dzakapfava uye dzakanangana midziyo yesimbi, nepo mweya muchena wakasimba uye nyore kuchenesa.
• Sarudzo pakati pezviviri zvinoenderana nezvido zvako uye mwero wekunzwa kwebasa rako.

Kusarudza Solvent Yakakodzera Yebasa Rako

Kana zvasvika pakusarudza pakati pemweya chena neturpentine, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvekufunga nezvazvo:

• Rudzi rwepende yauri kushandisa: Mamwe pendi anoda rudzi rwakati rwe solvent, saka iva nechokwadi chekuverenga mirairo yemugadziri zvakanyatsonaka.
• Chiyero chekunzwa kwebasa rako: Kana uri kushanda panzvimbo yakatetepa kana chaiyo, turpentine inogona kunge iri sarudzo yakanyanya kunaka. Kana uri kushanda panzvimbo yakaoma kana yakaoma kusvika, mweya muchena unogona kuva nyore kushandisa.
• Maitiro ekuchengetedza: Mudzimu muchena unogona kuchengetwa pasina kukuvara kwakawanda, nepo turpentine ichida kuiswa munzvimbo yakamanikana uye yakananga kudzivirira kukuvara kana kukuvadzwa kwemuviri.
• Kuwanikwa pamusika: Mudzimu muchena wakawanda uye unowanikwa pamusika, nepo turpentine ingangoda kushanda nesimba kuti uwane iyo yakachena uye yakakosha vhezheni.
• Kuchengetera uye kushandiswa zvinodiwa: Mudzimu muchena uri nyore kuchengeta nekushandisa, nepo turpentine inoda kungwarira maitiro uye kushandiswa.

Kudzivirira Kukuvadzwa uye Kuwana Mhedzisiro Yakakwana

Hazvina mhosva kuti ndeipi solvent yaunosarudza, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvekuyeuka kudzivirira kukuvadzwa uye kuwana mhedzisiro yakakwana:

• Tarisa mhando uye giredhi yezvinonyungudutsa usati wasanganisa nependi yako.
• Shandisa chiyero chakakodzera chekunyungudutsa kuti uwane kuenderana kwakakodzera.
• Ngwarira kana uchishandisa solvent, sezvo inogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekupedzisira.
• Geza maturusi ako nemazvo mushure mekushandisa kudzivirira chero zvimedu zvependi kubva kunamira.
• Chengetedza chinonyungudutsa kubva kune chero chinopisa kana murazvo kudzivirira chero njodzi yemoto.

Zvekuita Kana Ukasangana neWhite Spirit

Mudzimu muchena chinhu chinonyungudutsa chinoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvevatengi zvakaita sependi nemavarnish. Kana ukasangana nemweya chena netsaona, heano mamwe matipi akajairika ekutevera:

• Zvidzivirire nekupfeka magirovhosi, magirovhosi, uye mask kana zvichibvira.
• Kana wapinza mweya muchena, usaite kurutsa. Tsvaka mazano ekurapa nekukasika.
• Kana wakafema mweya muchena, enda kunzvimbo ine mhepo inofefetera uye utsvage mazano ekurapa kana ukasangana neutano husina kunaka.
• Kana mweya muchena wasvibisa zvipfeko zvako, bvisa zvipfeko uye geza nesipo nemvura.
• Kana mweya muchena ukasangana neganda rako, geza nzvimbo yakakanganiswa nesipo nemvura.
• Kana mweya muchena ukasangana nemaziso ako, diridza nemvura kwemaminetsi angangoita gumi nemashanu uye tsvaga rubatsiro kuna chiremba.

Kuonekwa Kwebasa

Avo vanoshanda nemweya chena munzvimbo yehunyanzvi vanofanirwa kutevedzera mamwe matanho ekuchengetedza:

• Iva nechokwadi chokuti nzvimbo yacho ine mhepo yakanaka uye kuti wakapfeka zvinhu zvinodzivirira zvakakodzera.
• Iva neruzivo nezve yakachengeteka kuratidzwa miganho uye iva nechokwadi chekuti inotevedzerwa munzvimbo yako yebasa.
• Kana wamwisa kana kufemera mweya muchena, tsvaga kurapwa nekukasika.
• Kana mweya muchena wasvibisa zvipfeko zvako, bvisa zvipfeko uye geza nesipo nemvura.
• Kana mweya muchena ukasangana neganda rako, geza nzvimbo yakakanganiswa nesipo nemvura.
• Kana mweya muchena ukasangana nemaziso ako, diridza nemvura kwemaminetsi angangoita gumi nemashanu uye tsvaga rubatsiro kuna chiremba.

mhedziso

Saka, ndizvo zvakaita mweya muchena - petroleum-based solvent inoshandiswa kuchenesa nekupenda. Ndiwo muenzaniso wakakwana wechinhu chisina ngozi chinogona kuva nengozi kana chikashandiswa zvisina kunaka. Saka, chenjerera uye unakirwe nayo!

Ini ndini Joost Nusselder, muvambi weZvishandiso Chiremba, mushambadzi wemukati, uye baba. Ini ndinoda kuyedza michina mitsva, uye pamwe nechikwata changu ndanga ndichigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubva 2016 kubatsira vaverengi vakavimbika nematurusi & matipi ekugadzira.