Iglasi yimathiriyeli eqinileyo eyi-amorphous (engeyo-crystalline) ehlala icace kwaye inomsebenzi oxhaphakileyo, wetekhnoloji, kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuhombisa kwizinto ezifana. window iipaneli, itafile, kunye ne-optoelectronics.
Ezona ziqhelekileyo, kwaye ngokwembali zezona zindala, iintlobo zeglasi zisekwe kwimichiza ekhompawundi ye-silica (i-silicon dioxide), eyona nto iphambili yesanti. Igama elithi iglasi, ekusetyenzisweni okudumileyo, lihlala lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kuphela kolu hlobo lwemathiriyeli, oluqheleke ukusetyenziswa njengeglasi yefestile kunye nakwiibhotile zeglasi.
Kwiiglasi ezininzi ezisekelwe kwi-silica ezikhoyo, ukukhenkceza okuqhelekileyo kunye neglasi yesikhongozeli yenziwe ngohlobo oluthile olubizwa ngokuba yi-soda-lime glass, eyenziwe malunga ne-75% yesilicon dioxide (SiO2), i-sodium oxide (Na2O) evela kwi-sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), i-calcium oxide, ebizwa ngokuba yi-lime (CaO), kunye ne-additives ezimbalwa ezincinci.
Iglasi yequartz ecacileyo kakhulu kwaye ehlala ixesha elide inokwenziwa kwi-silica ecocekileyo; ezinye iikhompawundi ngasentla zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kobushushu bemveliso.
Usetyenziso oluninzi lweeglasi ze-silicate luphuma ekukhanyeni kwazo okubonakalayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kusetyenziswe enye yeeglasi ze-silicate njengeefestile zefestile.
Iglasi iya kubonakalisa kwaye ikhuphe ukukhanya; ezi mpawu zinokwandiswa ngokusika kunye nokupolisha ukwenza iilensi zamehlo, iiprism, iiglasi ezicolekileyo, kunye neefibers zamehlo zokuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu ngokukhanya. Iglasi inokufakwa umbala ngokongeza iityuwa zetsimbi, kwaye inokupeyintwa.
Ezi mpawu ziye zakhokelela ekusebenziseni kakhulu iglasi ekwenzeni izinto zobugcisa kwaye ngokukodwa, iifestile zeglasi ezingcolileyo. Nangona i-brittle, iglasi ye-silicate yomelele ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye imizekelo emininzi yamaqhekeza eglasi ikhona kwiinkcubeko zokuqala zeglasi.
Ngenxa yokuba iglasi inokubunjwa okanye ibunjwe kuyo nayiphi na imilo, kwaye ngenxa yokuba iyimveliso eyinyumba, isetyenziswe ngokwesiko kwiinqanawa: izitya, iivasi, iibhotile, iingqayi kunye neeglasi zokusela. Ngezona ndlela ziqinileyo nayo iye yasetyenziswa ukwenza izinto zobunzima bamaphepha, amabhastile namaso.
Xa ikhutshiwe njengefayibha yeglasi kwaye ifakwe njengoboya beglasi ngendlela yokubambisa umoya, iba yinto ekhuselayo yobushushu, kwaye xa ezi ntsinga zeglasi zifakwe kwiplastiki yepolymer ephilayo, ziyinxalenye engundoqo yokomelezwa kwesakhiwo sezinto ezihlanganisiweyo zefiberglass.
Kwinzululwazi, igama elithi iglasi lihlala lichazwa ngengqiqo ebanzi, equka yonke into eqinileyo enobume obungeyiyo icrystalline (okt. iamorphous) isikali somlinganiselo weathom kwaye ebonisa inguqu yeglasi xa ifudunyezwa kwisimo solwelo. Ke, iiporcelains kunye neepolymer thermoplastics ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla, ziziglasi zomzimba nazo.
Ezi ntlobo zeglasi zinokwenziwa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli: ialloyi zesinyithi, inyibiliko ye-ionic, izinyibiliko ezinamanzi, ulwelo lwemolekyuli, kunye neepholima.
Kwizicelo ezininzi (iibhotile, i-eyewear) iiglasi ze-polymer (iglasi ye-acrylic, i-polycarbonate, i-polyethylene terephthalate) yindlela elula kwiiglasi ze-silica zendabuko.
Xa isetyenziswa kwiifestile, amaxesha amaninzi ibizwa ngokuba yi-“glazing”.
Iintlobo zokukhenkceza, ukusuka kwiglasi enye ukuya kwiHr +++
Ziziphi iintlobo zeglasi ezikhoyo kwaye yintoni imisebenzi yeentlobo zeglasi kunye nexabiso labo lokugquma.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeglasi namhlanje.
Le nkxalabo Injengokubengezela kabini ngexabiso labo lokugquma.
Okukhona aphezulu amaxabiso e-insulation, kokukhona ungawonga amandla.
Iindidi zeglasi zikhusela indlu yakho, ngokungathi kunjalo.
Ukungenisa umoya kubaluleke ngokufanayo kumanzi akho ekhayeni lakho.
Ukuba akungeni komoya kakuhle, ukugquma akuloxabiso elincinci.
Iindidi zeglasi ezikhoyo kwiisayizi ezininzi kunye namaxabiso okugquma.
Iindidi zeglasi zinokuodolwa kwiingqimba ezininzi.
Kuxhomekeke ekubeni unayo ifestile yecasement okanye isakhelo esisisigxina.
Ubunzima kwifestile yecasement buncinci kunesakhelo, kuba ubukhulu bomthi buhluka.
Oku akwenzi mahluko ngokubhekiselele kumaxabiso e-insulation.
Iglasi enye endala ayikafane isetyenziswe, kusekho izindlu ezinolu hlobo lweglasi kwaye isaveliswa.
Emva koko ndaqala ngeglasi yokukhusela, ebizwa ngokuba yi-double glazing.
Iglasi inegqabi langaphakathi nangaphandle.
Phakathi kukho umoya okanye igesi ekhuselayo.
Ukusuka ku-H + ukuya kwi-HR +++, uluhlu lweentlobo zeglasi.
I-Hr + glazing iphantse ifane neglasi yokukhusela, kodwa njengeyongezelelweyo ine-coat-reflecting coating efakwe kwiqabunga, kwaye i-cavity igcwele umoya.
Emva koko unayo iglasi ye-HR ++, onokuyithelekisa neglasi ye-HR, i-cavity kuphela igcwele i-Argon gas.
Ixabiso le-insulation ke lingcono kune-HR+.
Le glasi isoloko ifakwe kwaye ihlala ihlangabezana neemfuno zokugquma okulungileyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha inyathelo eliya phambili, unokuthatha kwakhona i-HR +++.
Le glasi iphindwe kathathu kwaye igcwele igesi ye-argon okanye i-krypton.
I-HR +++ idla ngokufakwa kwizindlu ezisanda kwakhiwa, apho izakhelo sele zifanelekile.
Ukuba ufuna ukuyibeka kwizakhelo ezikhoyo, izakhelo zakho kuya kufuneka zihlengahlengiswe.
Qaphela ukuba iHR+++ inexabiso elikhulu.
Ezi ntlobo zeglasi zingongezwa njenge-sound-proof, ukumelana nomlilo, ukulawula ilanga kunye neglasi yokhuseleko (i-laminated).
Kwinqaku elilandelayo ndiya kuchaza indlela yokwenza iglasi ngokwakho, kulula kunokuba ucinga.
Ngaba ulifumene eli nqaku elixabisekileyo?
Ndazise ngokushiya uluvo oluhle.
BVD.
Pete deVries.
Ngaba ungathanda ukuthenga ipeyinti ngexabiso eliphantsi kwivenkile yam yokupeyinta ekwi-intanethi? COFA APHA.
NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.
