Kunezikhathi lapho ufuna ukuhlanza ibhodi lesifunda sakho kahle. Uma kunjalo, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ususe i-solder endala.
Kodwa ukuze ususe i-solder, uzodinga ithuluzi le-desoldering ukuze usebenze nge-soldering iron. Ayini lawo mathuluzi nokho?
Manje, uma ungawazi amathuluzi ahlukene wokudiliza, usufike endaweni efanele! Uma udlula lesi sihloko, uzofunda ngamasu ahlukene namathuluzi ongawasebenzisa ukuze uhlukanise.
Bese unganquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela noma ithuluzi ozolisebenzisa. Futhi uma usuqedile ukunquma, ungaqala ukususa i-solder ezingxenyeni ezahlukene namabhodi.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokufunda ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-desoldering, kufanele wazi ukuthi yini ngempela i-desoldering. Ngakho ake siqale!
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizomboza:
- Kuyini i-desoldering?
- Yiziphi amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze desoldering?
- Izindlela zokususa i-solder
- 1. Indlela ye-braid ye-desoldering
- 2. Indlela yephampu ye-desoldering
- 3. Indlela yensimbi yokuchithwa
- 4. Ukushisa isibhamu desoldering indlela
- 5. Indlela yokudiliza isiteshi sokusebenza kabusha somoya oshisayo
- 6. Indlela ye-compressed air desoldering
- 7. Ukuqothula ngama-tweezers
- 8. Ukuqothula ngepuleti elishisayo
- 9. Indlela ye-desoldering bulb
- 10. Ukudiliza ngama-drill
- 11. Ukuqothula nge-Chip Quik
- Susa i-solder njengochwepheshe ngamathiphu ami
Kuyini i-desoldering?
I-Desoldering kuyindlela yokukhipha i-solder kanye nezingxenye ezifakwe ebhodini lesifunda. Le nqubo isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukususa amalunga e-solder.
Ukusetshenziswa kokushisa kuyadingeka lapha.
Yiziphi amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze desoldering?
Lawa amathuluzi ozowadinga ukuze ususe leyo solder engadingekile:
- Iphampu ye-desoldering
- I-bulb yokuhlanza
- Ama-tweezers ashisayo
- I-desoldering braid noma i-wick
- Ukususa ama-fluxes
- Ukususa ama-alloys
- Shisisa izibhamu noma izibhamu ezishisayo
- Iziteshi zokulungisa kabusha noma isiteshi sokunamathisela
- Vacuum kanye namaphampu okucindezela
- Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene kanye nama-tweezers
Izindlela zokususa i-solder
1. Indlela ye-braid ye-desoldering
Kule ndlela, uma ushisa i-solder, i-copper braid iyayigcoba. Kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-solder braid ihlala inakho ukuhamba kuyo. Futhi, hlanza i-iron soldering ngaphambi kwalezi zinyathelo.
Nazi izinyathelo:
Khetha usayizi we-braid
Okokuqala, kufanele ukhethe usayizi we-desoldering braid ngokuhlakanipha. Sebenzisa i-braid enobubanzi obufanayo noma ebanzi kancane kunejoyinti le-solder ozolisusa.
Sebenzisa i-soldering iron
Ukuze usebenzise i-braid, yenza imbobo ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-solder ofuna ukuyisusa bese ubeka i-braid kuyo. Bese ubamba insimbi yokunamathisela kuyo ukuze i-solder wick ikwazi ukumunca ukushisa futhi idlulisele ekuhlanganyeleni.
Njalo khetha ikhwalithi ye-solder braid
Manje, kule nqubo, ukuba nekhwalithi ye-solder braid kubalulekile. Noma, ngeke ikwazi ukucwilisa ukushisa.
Kodwa-ke, uma une-solder yekhwalithi ebuthakathaka, ungadangali. Ungayilungisa ngokungeza ukuguquguquka okuthile.
Kufanele nje uyengeze engxenyeni ye-braid ozobe uyisebenzisa. Futhi kufanele ukwenze ngaphambi kokuyibeka endaweni ehlangene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uzizwa sengathi i-joint ayinayo i-solder eyanele, ungangeza i-solder entsha ekuhlanganyeleni kusengaphambili.
Uzobona ukushintsha kombala
Lapho i-solder ehlangene incibilika, uzobona insimbi encibilikisiwe ingena e-braid futhi iyiphendulela kumbala wethini.
Khipha ngaphezulu kwe-braid bese udlulela esigabeni esilandelayo futhi uqhubeke nenqubo kuze kube yilapho ilunga limunca ngokuphelele futhi likhishwe.
Susa i-soldering iron kanye ne-braid ndawonye
Uma i-solder encibilikisiwe isusiwe, phakamisa kokubili i-solder iron and braid ndawonye ukunyakaza okukodwa. Uma ususa insimbi ngaphambi kwe-braid, i-braid egcwele i-solder ingase iphole ngokushesha futhi iqinise ibuyele kuphrojekthi.
2. Indlela yephampu ye-desoldering
Iphampu encibilikayo (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-solder sucker noma i-solder vacuum) isetshenziselwa ukuvala amanani amancane e-solder encibilikisiwe lapho uncibilikisa amalunga.
Uhlobo lwemanuwali inguqulo ethembeke kakhulu yaleli thuluzi. Inamandla okudonsa athembekile futhi ingasusa ngokushesha i-solder encibilikisiwe.
Lena indlela ethandwa kakhulu phakathi izindlela zokususa i-solder ngaphandle kwe-iron soldering.
Setha intwasahlobo
Okokuqala, kufanele usethe isiphethu sepompo ye-solder.
Shisisa insimbi ye-soldering ezingeni lokushisa elithile
Shisisa i-soldering iron cishe imizuzu emi-3.
Thintana kahle phakathi kwe-solder iron ne-solder joint ofuna ukuyisusa. Sebenzisa ichopho lensimbi.
Qhubeka ushisisa i-solder ize incibilike.
Sebenzisa i-solder sucker
Manje thinta ichopho le-solder sucker endaweni encibilikisiwe ye-solder kanye ne-solder pad. Zama ukungafaki ingcindezi.
Cindezela inkinobho yokukhulula
Ngemva kokucindezela inkinobho yokukhipha, ipiston izodubula ibuye ngokushesha. Lokhu kuzodala ukumunca okusheshayo okuzodonsela i-solder encibilikisiwe empompini.
Pholisa i-solder encibilikisiwe
Nikeza i-solder encibilikisiwe isikhathi esithile ukuze ziphole bese uthululela idivayisi yokumunca kudoti.
3. Indlela yensimbi yokuchithwa
Le ndlela ifana ncamashi nezindlela ezingenhla.
Idinga i-desoldering iron eyodwa. I-ayoni ifika nengxenye yokumunca eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ecoca i-solder encibilikisiwe.
Faka ichopho lensimbi eshisiwe ejoyintini le-solder ofuna ukulisusa. Lapho nje i-solder i-liquefies, ipompo ye-solder egijimayo izosusa i-solder encibilikile.
4. Ukushisa isibhamu desoldering indlela
Okokuqala, susa i-PCB kuma-casings.
Manje, kufanele ushise indawo ngesibhamu sakho sokushisa. Lapha, kufanele ubeke into entweni engashi; indawo ezungezile kufanele futhi ingashi.
Uma ufudumeza, uzobona i-solder iphenduka icwebezela; lokho kusho ukuthi liyancibilika. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungasusa i-solder usebenzisa ama-tweezers noma amathuluzi afanayo.
Manje ungayibeka endaweni ephephile ukuze iphole.
5. Indlela yokudiliza isiteshi sokusebenza kabusha somoya oshisayo
Isiteshi sokuvuselela umoya oshisayo siyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lemisebenzi emincane okudingeka uyenze ngokushesha. Kuyithuluzi eliwusizo lokususa izingxenye ze-solder kumabhodi wesifunda amadala.
Sebenzisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Khetha i-nozzle yakho
Ezincane zilungele ukusebenza ezingxenyeni ezincane, kanti ezinkulu zilungele izindawo ezibalulekile zebhodi.
Shintshela kudivayisi
Uma usuyivule idivayisi, izoqala ukufudumeza. Njalo fudumeza isiteshi somoya oshisayo ngaphambi kokusisebenzisa.
Khomba umlomo wombhobho; ungase ubone ukufutha okuncane kwentuthu emhlophe ephuma kuyo. Hhayi-ke, lezi zivamile, ngakho-ke akufanele ukhathazeke ngakho!
Lungisa ukugeleza komoya nezinga lokushisa
Kunamafindo ama-2 ahlukene ngalinye. Setha ukugeleza komoya kanye nezinga lokushisa libe phezulu kunephuzu lokuncibilika le-solder.
Faka i-flux
Faka i-flux engxenyeni ye-solder ofuna ukuyisusa.
Khomba umlomo
Manje njengoba usuzilungisile, sekuyisikhathi sokukhomba umlomo engxenyeni ozosebenza kuyo. Qhubeka uhambisa umlomo wakho uye phambili kuze kube yilapho i-solder iqala ukuncibilika.
Manje susa ngokucophelela ingxenye oyidingayo ukuze usebenze kabusha ngama-tweezers. Qaphela umoya oshisayo.
Vumela idivayisi iphole
Vala idivayisi ukuze uyivumele iphole. Geza ibhodi uma kwenzeka kukhona okusele okuncibilika emanzini. Uma kuyekwa, lokhu kungabangela ukugqwala.
6. Indlela ye-compressed air desoldering
Ngale ndlela, udinga kuphela i-soldering iron kanye nomoya ocindezelweyo. Kufanele ufake izibuko zokuphepha. Le nqubo ingcolile, kodwa iqondile.
Ekuqaleni, kufanele ushise i-solder iron. Thinta kancane isihlanganisi se-solder ofuna ukusisusa.
Bese ushisisa i-solder ehlangene futhi usebenzise umoya ocindezelwe ukuphephula isolder. Futhi inqubo yenziwe!
7. Ukuqothula ngama-tweezers
Abantu ikakhulukazi basebenzisa ama-tweezers e-desoldering ukuze bancibilikise i-solder endaweni efanele. Ama-tweezers eza ngezindlela ezi-2: noma alawulwa ngu i-solder station noma ukuma mahhala.
Ikakhulukazi, amathiphu ama-2 wethuluzi asetshenziswa ekudilizeni; kufanele usebenzise amathiphu kumatheminali angu-2 wengxenye.
Ngakho iyiphi indlela yokukhokha? Ake sidlule kulokho!
Vula ama-tweezers
Okokuqala, udinga ukuvula ama-tweezers bese usetha izinga lokushisa. Ungahlola imanuwali ukuze uthole imiyalelo enemininingwane.
Ukwakha ukuxhumana okuhle phakathi kwama-tweezers kanye nengxenye, ungasebenzisa i-flux noma i-solder eyengeziwe.
Ncibilikisa i-solder
Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka isihloko se-tweezers endaweni bese ulinda kuze kube yilapho i-solder iyancibilika.
Bamba ingxenye usebenzisa ama-tweezers
Manje njengoba i-solder isincibilikile, bamba ingxenye ngokucindezela ngobumnene ama-tweezers. Phakamisa ingxenye bese uyihambisa endaweni entsha ukuze ukhulule ama-tweezers.
Ungasebenzisa leli thuluzi ezingxenyeni ezinamatheminali angu-2, njengama-resistors, ama-diode, noma ama-capacitor. Iphuzu elihle lokusebenzisa ama-tweezers ukuthi azishisi ezinye izingxenye (ezizungezile).
8. Ukuqothula ngepuleti elishisayo
Ngokuvamile abantu basebenzisa ugesi ipuleti elishisayo ukushisa ibhodi ekushiseni kwe-solder, kanye nokukhipha amabhuloho e-solder ebhodini.
Uzodinga ucezu lwensimbi oluyisicaba, i-soldering iron, ne-soldering wick. Insimbi ukubeka ibhodi lakho phezu hot plate.
Ake sibone inqubo.
Engeza unamathisele we-solder ebhodini lakho
Udinga ukungeza unamathisele we-solder ebhodini lakho. Ungasebenzisa isirinji ukufaka i-solder ngokuqondile kumaphedi oyifunayo. Kushibhile futhi!
Qinisekisa ukuthi ubeka i-solder paste phakathi kweqoqo ngalinye lamaphini. Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokufaka okuningi kuyo ngoba ungakwazi ukususa okwengeziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Beka i-chip ku-solder unama
Manje udinga ukubeka i-chip ku-solder unamathisele futhi uhlole ukuthi ibekwe ngendlela efanele yini.
Sebenzisa ucezu lwensimbi
Sebenzisa ucezu lwensimbi ukubeka ibhodi kuso. Bese uyibeke ku-hot plate bese uvule idivayisi.
Nquma izinga lokushisa elilungile lenqubo
Awufuni ukuthi ibhodi lakho lishise kangangokuthi liqala ukulimaza ama-chips kanye ne-epoxy ebopha ibhodi lesifunda. Kufanele ukwenze kufudumele ngokwanele ukwenza i-solder igeleze.
Kulokhu, kufanele ube nombono womthamo we-hot plate yakho kusengaphambili. Bese, faka ukudayela ezingeni lokushisa elifanele bese ulinda.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-solder izoqala ukuncibilika. Uzobona i-solder iphenduka icwebezela.
Uzobheka amabhuloho athile
I-solder encibilike ngokugcwele ishiya amabhuloho e-solder. Uma i-solder isiqedile ukunyakaza, vala idivayisi, khipha ucezu lwensimbi olucishiwe, bese uluyeka luphole.
Sebenzisa i-desoldering braid nensimbi
Manje ungasebenzisa i-desoldering braid nensimbi ukuze ususe amabhuloho e-solder. Ungalandela inqubo ye-desoldering braids okukhulunywe ngayo ekuqaleni.
9. Indlela ye-desoldering bulb
Kule nqubo, uzodinga isibani sokuqothula kanye ne-soldering iron. Isibani sokuqothula sisebenzisa isenzo se-vacuum ukususa isolder ngokushesha futhi kalula.
Ungalisebenzisa kanjani igama elithi desoldering bulb?
Shisisa i-solder iron bese uyisebenzisela ukuncibilikisa i-solder ofuna ukuyisusa.
Cindezela i-bulb ngesandla esisodwa bese uthinta i-solder encibilikile ngesihloko se-bulb. Yidedele ukuze i-solder izomuncwa ku-bulb.
Linda kuze kuphole i-solder. Bese, ungakwazi ukususa ithiphu futhi ukhulule okuqukethwe isibani.
Yize leli thuluzi lingenawo amandla amaningi okumunca, awubeki engcupheni yokulimala okuvela kulo. Ungasebenzisa le ndlela uma ufuna ukususa inani elithile le-solder.
10. Ukudiliza ngama-drill
Ungasebenzisa i-drill encane yesandla kule nqubo. Futhi, ungasebenzisa i-pin vise ene-drill bit encane. Thenga ama-drill kuye ngosayizi wembobo oyidingayo ukuze uyivule.
Abantu abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa ama-drill ngemva kokusebenzisa isibani sokuqothula. Ngemva kokumunca i-solder nge-bulb, ungakwazi ukukhipha i-solder esele uma ikhona.
Kufanele usebenzise i-cobalt, i-carbon, noma insimbi enesivinini esikhulu ukubhoboza izingcezu, kodwa ungalokothi usebenzise i-carbide. Futhi qaphela ngenkathi usebenza nge-drill enkulu.
11. Ukuqothula nge-Chip Quik
I-Chip Quik remover alloy yehlisa izinga lokushisa le-solder ngokuyixuba nesolder ekhona. Lokhu kusiza ukusheshisa inqubo ye-desoldering futhi kugcina i-solder incibilike isikhathi eside.
Uma uhlose ukususa izingxenye ezibalulekile zokukhweza phezulu njengama-IC, ungasebenzisa i-Chip Quik. Ungakwazi ukususa izingxenye ze-SMD ngensimbi yokunamathisela esikhundleni sokusebenzisa isiteshi sokuvuselela umoya oshisayo.
Susa i-solder njengochwepheshe ngamathiphu ami
Uma usujwayelene nendlela yokwenza i-desoldering, kuzoba umsebenzi ojabulisayo ukukwenza!
Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izindlela eziningi zokususa i-solder. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukususa i-solder kumabhodi wesifunda, ungalandela inqubo eyisisekelo ye-desoldering, ukugaya nokukhuhla.
Ukukhipha i-solder kungenye indlela, nakuba idinga amazinga aphezulu okuhlangenwe nakho nekhono.
Uma kwenzeka ufuna ukususa i-solder kumapuleti ethusi, ungenza ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uqhume i-PCB yakho encane ngenkathi ususa i-solder endaweni enkulu.
Ngokusobala, kufanele unqume ngezindlela ngokucophelela; ukuqonda lezi zindlela ezingenhla kuzosiza kakhulu, njengoba uzokwazi ukuthi iyiphi inqubo ewufanele kakhulu umsebenzi wakho.
Izindlela ezishiwo kulesi sihloko zinikeza isiqalo esihle kakhulu sokufunda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-desolder.
Ngingu-Joost Nusselder, umsunguli we-Tools Doctor, umakethi wokuqukethwe, kanye nobaba. Ngiyakuthanda ukuzama okokusebenza okusha, futhi kanye nethimba lami ngidale izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukuze ngisize abafundi abathembekile ngamathuluzi namathiphu okwenza.
