Imigangatho: Isikhokelo esiBanzi kwiintlobo, izixhobo kunye nokuCoca

Umgangatho ngumgangatho othe tye okanye umgangatho wesakhiwo okanye inqanawa, esetyenziselwa zombini iinjongo zokuhlala kunye nezokungahlali. Kwizakhiwo zokuhlala, imigangatho isetyenziselwa ukuhlala, ukulala, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukusebenza, kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa njengomlinganiselo wexabiso lepropati. Kwizakhiwo ezingezizo zokuhlala, imigangatho isetyenziselwa ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa. Imigangatho ingenziwa ngezinto ezifana nemithi okanye eziphathekayo.

Umgangatho: Ngaphezulu nje komphezulu onokuthi uhambe ngawo

Xa sicinga ngomgangatho, sisoloko sicinga ngawo njengomgangatho nje esihamba kuwo kwisakhiwo. Nangona kunjalo, inkcazo yomgangatho inzima kakhulu kunoko. Umgangatho ungachazwa ngolu hlobo:

• Isiseko somgangatho wegumbi okanye isakhiwo
• Umphezulu wangaphakathi osezantsi wesakhiwo esinomngxuma, njengenqanawa okanye umqolomba
• Umphezulu womhlaba, nokuba wendalo okanye wakhiwe

Imvelaphi yegama elithi “Umgangatho”

Igama elithi "umgangatho" linemvelaphi yalo kwisiLatini nakwisiGrike. Igama lesiLatini elithi “planta” lithetha “intende yonyawo,” elathi ekugqibeleni laguquka laba ligama lesiLatini elithi “planta pavimentum,” elithetha “umgangatho ogangathiweyo.” Igama lesiGrike elithi “stereooma” lithetha “isakhiwo esiluqilima,” elathi ekugqibeleni laguquka laba ligama lesiGrike elithi “stereoma hypodomatias,” elithetha “isiseko esiqinileyo segumbi.”

Ukwakhiwa koMgangatho

Ukwakha umgangatho kubandakanya okungaphezulu nje kokubeka izinto zomgangatho. Ifuna ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kumalungu aqulunqayo axhasa umgangatho, kunye nolwakhiwo lomgangatho ongaphantsi. Ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zezixhobo zomgangatho ziquka:

• Ishuni esomeleleyo
• IiLaminates
• Tile
• Iphepha
• Vinyl

Iingxaki ngemigangatho

Ngelixa imigangatho ibalulekile kuso nasiphi na isakhiwo, zinokubonisa iingxaki. Eminye imiba eqhelekileyo ngemigangatho ibandakanya:

• Imiphezulu engalinganiyo
• Umonakalo wamanzi
• Iintanda okanye imingxuma
• Ukutswina okanye ukuncwina

Ukubaluleka koMgangatho weNqanaba

Umgangatho osemgangathweni ubalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo. Ukuba umgangatho awukho kwinqanaba, kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• Ukunxiba okungalinganiyo kwizinto zomgangatho
• Ubunzima bokuvula nokuvala iingcango
• Iingozi zokuhamba
• Umonakalo wesakhiwo kwisakhiwo

Indima yemigangatho kwi-Architecture

Imigangatho idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyilo jikelele kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo. Zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okanye imigangatho ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iipateni ezizodwa kunye nezinomdla okanye uyilo.

Igama elithi "umgangatho" linembali ende kwaye ejikelezayo, kunye nemvelaphi yayo ibuyela emva kwiilwimi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Nazi ezinye iingcambu ezinokubakho zegama:

• IsiNgesi Sakudala: Igama elithi “umgangatho” lisuka kwigama lesiNgesi sakudala elithi “flor,” elithetha “umgangatho, ipavement, umhlaba, ezantsi.” Eli gama linokulandwa emva kwiProto-Germanic *florō, *flōrô, *flōraz, elithetha “umphezulu othe tyaba, umgangatho, ithafa.”
• IsiLatini: Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba igama lesiLatini elithi “plānus,” elithetha “umcaba, inqanaba,” lisenokuba laphembelela ukuvela kwegama elithi “umgangatho.”
• IsiNorse: Igama lesiNorse lakudala elithi “flóð,” elithetha “umkhukula, umsinga,” lisenokuba liye laba nendima ekuvelisweni kwegama elithi “umgangatho.”
• IsiFrisian: Ulwimi lwesiFrisian, oluthethwa eNetherlands naseJamani, linegama elifanayo nelithi “kumgangatho”- “flur.” Oku kuthetha ukuba eli gama lisenokuba lisuka kulo mmandla.
• IsiSwedish: Igama lesiSwedish elithetha “umgangatho” ngu “golv,” elifana nelesiJamani elithi “Golb” kunye nelesiDatshi elithi “gulv.” Oku kubonisa ukuba eli gama lisenokuba lasasazeka kulo lonke elaseScandinavia nakuMazwe Asezantsi.
• IsiIrish, isiScottish Gaelic, nesiWelsh: Ezi lwimi zesiCeltic zinamagama afanayo athetha “umgangatho,” nto leyo ebonisa ukuba eli gama lalisenokuba lalikho kwiilwimi zesiCeltic ngaphambi kokufika kweelwimi zesiJamani.
• IAmerican Heritage Dictionary: Ngokutsho kweAmerican Heritage Dictionary, igama elithi “umgangatho” lisenokuba laphenjelelwa ligama lesiGrike elithi “platus,” elithetha “umcaba.”
• IsiFrentshi, iSpanish, isiPhuthukezi nesiTaliyane: Ezi lwimi zesiRomance zinegama elifanayo elithi “umgangatho,” nto leyo ebonisa ukuba eli gama lisenokuba lasasazeka kuyo yonke iYurophu ebudeni boBukhosi baseRoma.

Iintlobo zoMgangatho oPhezulu oFuna ukuzazi malunga

1. Umgangatho womthi oqinileyo

I-hardwood flooring lukhetho oludumileyo kwabo bafuna inkangeleko yendalo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Iza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zomthi, kubandakanya i-oki, imaple, kunye necherry, kwaye ibonelela ngoluhlu oluguquguqukayo loyilo onokukhetha kulo. Imigangatho ye-Hardwood ihlala ixesha elide kwaye inokumelana novavanyo lwexesha, iyenza ibe lutyalo-mali olukhulu kwipropathi yakho. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubiza kakhulu ukuyifaka kwaye kufuna ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo ukuyigcina ikhangeleka entsha.

2. Umgangatho oLaminate

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Umgangatho weLaminate lukhetho olufikelelekayo kwabo bakuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Inika inkangeleko efanayo kwi-hardwood flooring kodwa yenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa. I-Laminate flooring kulula ukuyifaka kwaye idinga ukugcinwa okuncinci, okwenza kube lukhetho olukhulu kwabo bafuna umgangatho ophantsi wokugcinwa. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakumelana nomonakalo wamanzi kwaye ingabangela ingxolo xa ihanjwa.

3. Umgangatho weThayile

Tile i-flooring, eyenziwe ngamatye okanye i-ceramic, lukhetho oludumileyo lwamagumbi okuhlambela kunye neekhikhini ngenxa yokungangeni kwamanzi. Inika inkangeleko yangoku kunye necocekileyo kwaye ivumela iinketho zoyilo ezininzi. Umgangatho we-tile uyaziwa ngokuhlala kwawo kwaye unokuhlala iminyaka kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubiza ukuyifaka kwaye kunokufuna iimveliso zokucoca ezikhethekileyo.

4. Umgangatho weVinyl

Vinyl i-flooring lukhetho oluguquguqukayo kwaye olufikelelekayo olunikezela uluhlu olubanzi loyilo kunye nezimbo. Iyaziwa ngeempawu zayo zokunganyangeki kwamanzi kunye nokufunxa isandi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olukhulu kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi. Umgangatho weVinyl kulula ukuyifaka kwaye ifuna ukulungiswa okuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakunika umgangatho ofanayo womgangatho njengezinye iintlobo zomgangatho.

5. Umgangatho wekhaphethi

Umgangatho wekhaphethi lukhetho oludumileyo kwabo bafuna ukuzisa umlingiswa kunye nokufudumala kwindawo yabo. Inika imvakalelo ethambileyo kwaye ikhululekile kwaye iza ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nezimbo. Umgangatho wekhaphethi ukwaziwa ngeempawu zokufunxa isandi, nto leyo eyenza kube lukhetho olukhulu kwabo bafuna ukunciphisa ingxolo kumakhaya abo. Nangona kunjalo, isenokungabi lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwabo bane-allergies kwaye ifuna ukucocwa rhoqo ukugcina umgangatho wayo.

Khumbula, xa ukhetha uhlobo lomgangatho, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho, indawo eya kufakwa kuyo, kunye nenqanaba lokugcinwa okufunekayo. Udidi ngalunye lomgangatho lubonelela ngokwalo izibonelelo kunye nezithintelo, ke qiniseka ukuba wenze uphando lwakho kwaye ukhethe eyona ifanele iimfuno zakho kunye nesimbo.

Izinto zoMgangatho: Ukukhetha olona didi lungcono kwiiMfuno zakho

Xa kuziwa kwizinto zomgangatho, kukho izinto ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo. Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zidumileyo zezixhobo zomgangatho:

• Ukhuni: Ukhuni lukhetho olukhulu kwabo bafuna inkangeleko yendalo kunye nokuziva. Idla ngokubiza kakhulu kunezinye izinto, kodwa ikwayenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zokuxhathisa umonakalo. Umgangatho womthi oqinileyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo, kodwa kunokuba nzima ukuyigcina. Enye indlela yinkuni eyenziwe ngobunjineli, eyenziwe ngamanqwanqwa amaninzi omthi kwaye kulula ukuyigcina.

• Ilitye: Ilitye yenye imathiriyeli yendalo edla ngokubiza kakhulu kunezinye iindlela. Lukhetho olukhulu kwabo bafuna inkangeleko eyodwa kunye nokuziva. Umgangatho wamatye ufumaneka kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo, ubungakanani, kunye nokugqitywa, kubandakanya ukugudiswa kunye nokuhonjiswa.

• Ithayile: Ithayile lukhetho oluguquguqukayo nolufikelelekayo oluza ngeendidi zeemilo, ubungakanani, kunye nokugqitywa. Kulula ukuyigcina kwaye lukhetho olulungileyo kwiindawo ezifumana izithuthi ezininzi ngeenyawo. Iintlobo eziphambili zethayile ziquka i-ceramic, i-porcelain, kunye nodongwe.

• Ikhaphethi: Ikhaphethi lukhetho oludumileyo kwabo bafuna ukuziva bethambile kwaye bekhululekile phantsi kweenyawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo iyabiza ngaphantsi kunezinye izinto, kodwa kunokuba nzima ukuyigcina. Ikhaphethi ifumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye noyilo, kuquka imicu ethe tye kunye nethe nkqo.

Izinto Emaziqwalaselwe Xa Ukhetha Isixhobo soMgangatho

Xa ukhetha imathiriyeli yomgangatho, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:

• Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali: Ixabiso lemathiriyeli yingqwalasela ebalulekileyo. Ezinye izinto, ezinjengomthi namatye, zibiza kakhulu kunezinye, njengethayile nekhaphethi.

• Ugcino: Ezinye izixhobo kulula ukuzigcina kunezinye. Ngokomzekelo, i-tile kulula ukuyicoca, ngelixa i-carpet ingaba nzima ukuyigcina.

• Isimbo: Isimbo semathiriyeli sikwayinto ebalulekileyo ingqalelo. Ezinye izinto, ezinjengomthi namatye, zinenkangeleko eyodwa kunye nokuziva, ngelixa ezinye, njengethayile kunye nekhaphethi, zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi.

• Ukusebenziseka: Izinto eziphathekayo kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nokunxiba kunye nokukrazula kokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla. Ezinye izinto, ezinjengomthi namatye, zomelele ngakumbi kunezinye, njengekhaphethi.

Ukufakwa kunye nokugcinwa

Emva kokuba ukhethe i-flooring material, kuya kufuneka uyifake kwaye uyigcine. Nanga amanye amacebiso:

• Ukufakela: Inkqubo yokufakela ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwezinto ozikhethayo. Ezinye izinto, ezifana nethayile kunye nekhaphethi, zinokufakwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-subfloor. Ezinye, ezinjengomthi nelitye, zisenokufuna ukulungiswa okongezelelekileyo, njengokuncamathisela okanye ukubethelela.

• Ugcino: Iimfuno zogcino lwemathiriyeli nganye ziyahluka. Ezinye izinto, ezifana nethayile, kulula ukuzicoca nokuzigcina, ngelixa ezinye, njengekhaphethi, zifuna ingqalelo engakumbi. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yomenzi yokucoca kunye nokugcinwa.

IZakhiwo zoMgangatho oKhethekileyo: Ngaphaya kweZiseko

Izakhiwo zomgangatho okhethekileyo luhlobo lolwakhiwo oluhamba ngaphaya kweentlobo eziqhelekileyo zemigangatho. Le migangatho yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile kunye neemfuno ezingenako ukuhlangabezana nezixhobo eziqhelekileyo ezifumanekayo okanye iindlela zokwakha eziqhelekileyo. Zakhiwe ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yezinto kunye namacandelo akhethwe ngononophelo ukubonelela ngeyona nqanaba liphezulu lokusebenza, ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho.

Ukwakha iSiseko esomeleleyo: Ulwakhiwo lomgangatho ongaphantsi

Xa kuziwa ekwakhiweni komgangatho owomeleleyo nothembekileyo, i-subfloor ngokungathandabuzekiyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. I-subfloor ngumaleko wokuqala wezinto eziqinileyo ezibekwe ngaphezu kweejoists okanye esinye isakhiwo sesakhiwo. Isebenza njengesiseko semathiriyeli yomgangatho kwaye yenza indawo ethe tyaba, egudileyo ukuze abantu bahambe phezu kwayo. Nanga amanye amanqaku aphambili ekufuneka uwagcine engqondweni xa kufikwa kulwakhiwo lwe-subfloor:

• Umgangatho ongaphantsi wakhiwa kusetyenziswa izinto ezifana neplywood, ibhodi yestrand oriented (OSB), okanye ikhonkrithi.
• I-subfloor ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo phezu kwee-joists okanye esinye isakhiwo sesakhiwo.
• Ubunzima be-subfloor bunokwahluka, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo bujikeleze i-1-1 / 2 intshi yokwakhiwa kweenkuni zendabuko.
• I-subfloor iquka umaleko wezinto eziqinileyo ezibethelelwe okanye ezinamathele kwiijoists okanye esinye isakhiwo sesakhiwo.
• Imiphetho ye-subfloor ivalwe ngeteyiphu ekhethekileyo okanye i-adhesive ukunceda ukuxhathisa ukufuma kunye nokwenza itywina elingcono.

Iingqwalasela eziKhethekileyo kuLwakhiwo loMgangatho ongaphantsi

Ngelixa ukwakhiwa kwe-subfloor kuyinkqubo ethe ngqo, kukho iingqwalasela ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo kwiimeko ezithile. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

• Izindlu ezisezantsi: Kumakhaya anemigangatho engaphantsi, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-subfloor kunye neendlela zingafuneka ukunceda ukuxhathisa ukufuma kunye nokwenza isiseko esifanelekileyo sezinto zomgangatho. Iplastiki okanye umqobo oqinileyo wegwebu unokufakwa phakathi komgangatho ongaphantsi kunye nomgangatho wekhonkrithi ukunceda ukuthintela ukufuma ekungeneni.
• Imithwalo Enzima: Kwiindawo apho imithwalo enzima iya kubekwa phantsi, njengakwigaraji okanye kwindawo yokusebenzela, i-subfloor engqingqwa inokufuneka incede ukuxhasa ubunzima.
• I-Underlayment: Kwezinye iimeko, i-underlayment material ingafakwa phezulu kwi-subfloor ukuze uncede ukudala indawo epholileyo kwizinto zomgangatho. Oku kubonakala ngokuqhelekileyo ngekhaphethi okanye i-vinyl flooring.
• Iipaneli eziFluted: Iipaneli eziFluted, ezinoluhlu lwemijelo okanye iigrooves ezihamba kuzo, zinokusetyenziswa njengento engaphantsi komhlaba kwezinye iimeko. Banikezela ngamandla onke alungileyo kwaye banokunceda ukuxhathisa ukufuma.

Ngokubanzi, ukwakhiwa kwe-subfloor yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwakha umgangatho owomeleleyo nothembekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye neendlela, unokuqinisekisa ukuba i-subfloor yakho ixhomekeke kwisiseko esiqinileyo kwaye inika indawo ethe tyaba, egudileyo ukuze abantu bahambe kuyo.

Ubugcisa boMgangatho wokugquma

Isigqubuthelo somgangatho bubuchule obubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kokugqitywa okanye izinto eziphathekayo phezu kwesakhiwo somgangatho ukuvelisa indawo yokuhamba. Isetyenzisiwe kangangeenkulungwane kwiifom ezahlukeneyo kunye neemilo, kwaye kamva, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ziye zafunyanwa ukwenza uyilo kunye nemibala eyahlukeneyo. Namhlanje, isigqubuthelo somgangatho yeyona ndlela igqwesileyo kwaye ifikelelekayo ukuvelisa imigangatho eqinile kunye negudisiweyo. Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zidumileyo zesigqubuthelo somgangatho:

• IVinyl: Le yinto eqhelekileyo kunye nethandwayo yokugubungela umgangatho. Inika indawo egudileyo kunye nengenamanzi ekulula ukuyicoca kunye nokuyigcina. Iza kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibala, iyenza ifaneleke kuyo nayiphi na indawo yendlu.
• I-Laminate: Olu luhlobo lwesigqubuthelo somgangatho esibandakanya ukusebenzisa iphepha lezinto eziphathekayo ngokuthe ngqo emgangathweni. Lukhetho olufikelelekayo nolulula ukuhlohla olunika ugqibo olunzima noluhlala ixesha elide. Iza kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibala, iyenza ifaneleke kuyo nayiphi na indawo yendlu.
• Ikhaphethi: Olu luhlobo lwesigqubuthelo somgangatho esibandakanya ukongeza iziqwenga zezinto zokugubungela umgangatho. Inika indawo ethambileyo kunye nekhululekileyo efanelekileyo kumagumbi okulala kunye neendawo zokuhlala. Iza kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibala, iyenza ifaneleke kuyo nayiphi na indawo yendlu.
• Ithayile: Olu luhlobo lwesigqubuthelo somgangatho esibandakanya ukusika iingceba zemathiriyeli eziqinileyo zibe ziimilo ezincinci kwaye emva koko zigalele ngqo emgangathweni. Inika umphezulu oqinileyo kunye nokumelana namanzi okulungele iindawo ezifuna umgangatho ophezulu wokuqina. Iza kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibala, iyenza ifaneleke kuyo nayiphi na indawo yendlu.

Xa imigangatho Ingahambi kakuhle: Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nendlela yokuzilungisa

Imigangatho yekhonkrithi lukhetho oludumileyo kubaninimzi abaninzi ngenxa yokuqina kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, xa ukufuma kungena kwikhonkrithi, kunokubangela iingxaki ezininzi, kuquka:

• Ukuqhekeka: Ukufuma kunokubangela ukuba ikhonkrithi yande kwaye ifinyeze, ekhokelela kwiintanda ezingathandekiyo.
• Ukugquma: Ukuba ukufuma kuphezulu ngokwaneleyo, kunokubangela ukuba ikhonkrithi ibotshwe kwaye ijike.
• Ooqongqothwane: Ubumanzi bunokutsala ooqongqothwane, nto leyo enokubangela umonakalo kwikonkile.

Ukuthintela le miba, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wakho wekhonkrithi uvalwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye nayiphi na imiba yokufuma iyalungiswa ngokukhawuleza.

Umgangatho oLaminate: Ukuqhawula, ukukhwela i-Cupping, kunye ne-Peaking

Imigangatho ye-laminate lukhetho oludumileyo kwabo bafuna i-flooring engabizi kwaye kulula ukuyifaka. Noko ke, abanazo iingxaki. Eminye imiba eqhelekileyo ngemigangatho ye-laminate ibandakanya:

• Ukuqhawula: Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iibhodi zinokuhlukana, zishiya izithuba ezingabonakaliyo phakathi kwazo.
• Cupping: Ukufuma kunokubangela ukuba iibhodi zijike, zikhokelela kwimilo yeconcave.
• I-Peaking: Ukuba iibhodi azifakwanga ngokufanelekileyo, ziyakwazi ukubopha kwaye zenze "incopho" emgangathweni.

Ukuthintela le miba, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-subfloor yakho ikwinqanaba kwaye i-laminate ifakwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na imiba, kungcono ukuyilungisa ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi.

Imigangatho yoMthi oMgangatho: Iintanda, iibhodi eziqhekekileyo, kunye neeSplinter

Imigangatho yokhuni lukhetho lwakudala kunye nolungenasiphelo kuyo nayiphi na indlu. Noko ke, abanazo iingxaki. Eminye imiba eqhelekileyo ngemigangatho yokhuni ibandakanya:

• Ukuqhekeka: Ngokuhamba kwexesha, imigangatho yomthi oqinileyo inokuphuhlisa iintanda ezingathandekiyo.
• Iibhodi ezaphukileyo: Ifenitshala enzima okanye ezinye izinto zinokubangela ukuba iibhodi zaphuke.
• I-Splinters: Ukuba ukugqiba phantsi kuyaphela, kunokushiya iinkuni zibonakaliswe kwaye zilungele ukuqhekeka.

Ukuthintela le miba, kubalulekile ukugcina ngokufanelekileyo imigangatho yakho yokhuni oluqinileyo. Oku kuquka ukucocwa nokucocwa rhoqo njengoko kuyimfuneko. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na imiba, kungcono ukuyilungisa ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi.

Imigangatho ekhethekileyo: I-Telegraphing kunye ne-Buckling

Imigangatho ekhethekileyo, njengaleyo yenziwe kwi-cork okanye i-bamboo, inokongeza umnxeba oyingqayizivele kunye ne-eco-friendly kuyo nayiphi na indlu. Noko ke, basenokuba neengxaki. Eminye imiba eqhelekileyo enemigangatho ekhethekileyo ibandakanya:

• I-Telegraphing: Ukuba i-subfloor ayilungiswanga kakuhle, inokubangela ukuba umgangatho ube "i-telegraph" okanye ubonise ukungafezeki.
• I-Buckling: Imigangatho ekhethekileyo inokuthandeka ukuba ibambene ukuba ayifakwanga kakuhle okanye ukuba kukho imiba yokufuma.

Ukuthintela le miba, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-subfloor yakho ilungiswe kakuhle kwaye umgangatho okhethekileyo ufakwe yingcali. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na imiba, kungcono ukuyilungisa ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi.

UbuGcisa bokuCoca uMgangatho

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemigangatho zifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucoca kunye neemveliso. Nazi ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zemigangatho kunye nendlela yokuyicoca ngokufanelekileyo:

• Umthi oqinileyo: Sebenzisa imophu emanzi kunye nesicoci somgangatho oqinileyo. Gwema amanzi angaphezulu, njengoko angonakalisa iinkuni.
• Ilitye: Tshayela okanye utshayela rhoqo ukususa ubumdaka nobutyobo. Sebenzisa isicoci esikhethekileyo samatye kwaye ugweme iimveliso ezineasidi okanye ezirhabaxa ezinokwenzakalisa ukugqiba.
• Ithayile: Sebenzisa imophu emanzi kunye nesicoci sethayile. Gwema ukusebenzisa amanzi amaninzi, njengoko inokungena kwi-grout kwaye ibangele umonakalo.
• Ikhaphethi: Vacuum rhoqo kwaye usebenzise a isicoci sekhaphethi (nazi ezona ziphathwayo) yokucoca nzulu.

Ukubaluleka kokuGcinwa koMgangatho

Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunokunceda ukuthintela umonakalo kwaye ugcine imigangatho yakho ikhangeleka kakuhle. Nanga amanye amacebiso okugcina imigangatho yakho:

• Sebenzisa iiragi okanye iimethi kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi bezithuthi ukuthintela ukuguga nokukrala.
• Coca ngokukhawuleza izinto ezichithekileyo ukuthintela ukubola.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa iikhemikhali ezinobunzima okanye izixhobo ezinobungozi ezinokulimaza ukugqiba.
• Imigangatho yasePoland rhoqo ukuyigcina ibukeka imenyezela kwaye intsha.

Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeeMveliso zokucoca ezifumanekayo

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zokucoca ezikhoyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemigangatho. Nazi ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo:

• Abacoci bemveli: Aba balula, abacoci benjongo zonke basebenzela uninzi lweentlobo zemigangatho.
• Izicoci zendalo: Ezi zisebenzisa izithako zendalo ezifana neviniga nesoda yokubhaka ukucoca imigangatho ngaphandle kweekhemikhali ezirhabaxa.
• Abacoci bePolymer: Aba bacoci bongeza umaleko okhuselayo emgangathweni ukukhusela umonakalo kunye nokwenza lula ukucoca kwixesha elizayo.

Ubunzima bokucoca iintlobo ezithile zemigangatho

Ezinye iintlobo zemigangatho zifuna ukhathalelo olongezelelweyo xa ucoca. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

• Imigangatho emhlophe: Ezi zibonisa ubumdaka namabala ngokulula kwaye zifuna ukucocwa rhoqo.
• Imigangatho yenkonzo yokutya: Kufuneka icocwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukwanda kweebhaktheriya.
• Imigangatho yokhozo olunye: Oku kufuna iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokucoca ukunqanda ukonakalisa iinkozo.

Imilinganiselo yoKhuseleko eyiyo yokuCocwa koMgangatho

Ukucoca umgangatho kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima kwaye onokuba yingozi. Nanga amanye amanyathelo okhuseleko ekufuneka uwakhumbule:

• Nxiba izihlangu ezifanelekileyo kunye nokutsala kakuhle ukunqanda ukutyibilika.
• Qaphela xa uhambisa ifenitshala enzima okanye izixhobo.
• Landela imiyalelo yeemveliso zokucoca ngononophelo ukuthintela ingozi.
• Vumela imigangatho yome ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba uhambe kuyo ukunqanda iingozi.

Ukucoca imigangatho yakho kunokubonakala kungumsebenzi olula, kodwa kufuna ulwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nobuchule bokwenza ngempumelelo. Ngokulandela iingcebiso kunye neendlela ezichazwe ngasentla, ungagcina imigangatho yakho icocekile kwaye intle kwiminyaka ezayo.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke unayo-yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nemigangatho. Umgangatho yindlela entle yokongeza umlinganiswa kunye nokufudumala kwindawo, kwaye inokuba lutyalo-mali olukhulu. Okoko uyayazi into oyenzayo, awukwazi ukuphazama. Ngoko musa ukoyika ukuthabatha inyathelo!

NdinguJoost Nusselder, umseki weZixhobo zeGqirha, umthengisi womxholo, kunye notata. Ndiyathanda ukuzama izixhobo ezitsha, kwaye kunye neqela lam ndiye ndenza amanqaku ebhlog anzulu ukusukela ngo-2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo ngezixhobo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza.